Reinstatement of Isotrema, a new generic delimitation of Aristolochia subgen. Siphisia (Aristolochiaceae)

Phytotaxa ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 401 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
XIN-XIN ZHU ◽  
XIAO-QIN LI ◽  
SHUAI LIAO ◽  
CHENG DU ◽  
YUAN WANG ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South Asia ◽  
Central America ◽  
Outer Surface ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Comprehensive Analysis ◽  
Nuclear Genes ◽  
New Combinations ◽  
Generic Delimitation ◽  
Cladistic Analyses

Aristolochia subgen. Siphisia, comprising 98 species, is mainly distributed in East and South Asia, with some scattered in North and Central America. It has often been recognized as one of three subgenera of Aristolochia and can be distinguished from both remaining subgenera (Aristolochia subgen. Aristolochia and Aristolochia subgen. Pararistolochia) by morphological synapomorphies such as a strongly curved perianth with a 3-lobed limb, and especially the 3-lobed gynostemium, anthers paired on the outer surface of each gynostemium segment. However, recent cladistic analyses based on morphological characters and molecular data suggested that Aristolochia s.l. should be divided into four genera in two subtribes. In this study, a comprehensive analysis of molecular data of two plastid genic spacers (rps16-trnK and petB-petD), and two nuclear genes (phyA and ITS2) with an extensive sampling of Asian and American species was conducted. The combined datasets confirmed that Aristolochia subgen. Siphisia should be treated as an independent genus. Then Isotrema is reinstated here with 87 new combinations for the most comprehensive enumeration.

Sinalliaria, a new genus of Brassicaceae from eastern China, based on morphological and molecular data

Phytotaxa ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 186 (4) ◽  
pp. 188 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying-Ying Zhou ◽  
HONG-WEI ZHANG ◽  
JIANG-QIN HU ◽  
Xiao-Feng Jin
Keyword(s):  
Dna Sequences ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Eastern China ◽  
Distinct Group ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
New Combinations ◽  
The Family ◽  
Morphological And Molecular Data ◽  
Seed Testa

Sinalliaria is described here as a new genus of the family Brassicaceae from eastern China, based on the morphological characters and molecular sequences. Sinalliaria differs from the related genus Orychophragmus in having basal leaves petiolate, simple or rarely with 1‒3 lateral lobes (not pinnatisect); cauline leaves petiolate, cordate at base (not sessile, auriculate or amplexicaul at base); petals obovate to narrowly obovate, claw inconspicuous (not broadly obovate, with a claw as along as sepal); siliques truncate (not long-beaked) at apex. The microscopic characters of seed testa also show significant differences between Sinalliaria and Orychophragmus. Phylogenetic evidence from DNA sequences of nuclear ribosomal ITS and plastid region trnL-trnF indicates that Sinalliaria is a distinct group related to Orychophragmus and Raphanus, but these three genera do not form a clade. The new genus Sinalliaria is endemic to eastern China and has only one species and one variety. The new combinations, S. limprichtiana (Pax) X. F. Jin, Y. Y. Zhou & H. W. Zhang and S. limprichtiana var. grandifolia (Z. X. An) X. F. Jin, Y. Y. Zhou & H. W. Zhang are proposed here.

Two new species and three morphospecies of Ficophagus Davies & Bartholomaeus, 2015 (Nematoda: Aphelenchoididae) from Ficus subgenus Pharmacosycea (Moraceae) in Central America

Nematology ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 351-374 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kerrie A. Davies ◽  
Weimin Ye ◽  
Barbara Center ◽  
Natsumi Kanzaki ◽  
Faerlie Bartholomaeus ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Central America ◽  
Dna Sequence ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Dna Sequence Data ◽  
Female Tail ◽  
Two New Species ◽  
Tail Shape

Aphelenchoidid nematodes were collected from the sycones ofFicussubgenusPharmacosyceafrom Central America. Two new species ofFicophaguswere recovered, and are described herein asF. maximasp. n. andF. yoponensissp. n. fromFicus maximaandF. yoponensis, respectively. They are differentiated from other species of the genus by a combination of morphological characters including having C-shaped females and spiral males, EP opening close to the lips, a short to long post-uterine sac, spicule characters, three pairs of subventral caudal papillae, DNA sequence data, biogeographical range, and host wasp andFicusspecies affiliation. The new species are differentiated from each other by spicule characters, length of the post-uterine sac, spermatheca shape, and female tail shape. In addition, three morphospecies were collected from sycones ofFicus glabrata,F. insipidaandF. tonduzii, respectively. Their morphological descriptions are presented but these taxa are not formally named as they currently lack molecular data.

Corrigendum to: Phylogenetics of hopbushes and pepperflowers (Dodonaea, Diplopeltis - Sapindaceae), based on nuclear ribosomal ITS and partial ETS sequences incorporating secondary-structure models

2011 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 59
Author(s):  
Mark G. Harrington ◽  
Paul A. Gadek
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Structure ◽  
Arid Zone ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Molecular Study ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
The Other ◽  
New Combinations ◽  
Evolutionary Trends ◽  
Secondary Structure Models

Hopbushes and pepperflowers (Dodonaea, Diplopeltis ? Sapindaceae) are important components of Australia's arid zone and sclerophyll and temperate forests and woodlands. Phylogenetic analyses of nuclear ribosomal ITS and partial ETS sequences for near-complete sampling of both genera were performed using a Bayesian statistical method and RNA specific models of nucleotide evolution that incorporate secondary structure (separate models for stems and loops). Diplopeltis is paraphyletic. Diplopeltis stuartii is not closer to other species of the genus than it is to species outside the genus. There are also several evolutionary elements in the molecular data that support D. stuartii as distinct from the other members of the genus. The monophyly of Dodonaea as redefined here to include all species of Distichostemon is unequivocally supported by the molecular data and the morphological synapomorphies of petal-less flowers with a highly reduced intrastaminal disk that is absent in staminate flowers. There do not appear to be any obvious evolutionary trends in the morphological characters (leaf and capsule form, presence or absence of aril, or breeding system) that have been previously used to group taxa. However, there are some morphological characters that may be useful to delineate some of the clades recovered in the present molecular study. New combinations in Dodonaea are made for all species of Distichostemon.

scholarly journals A phylogeny of Pouteria (Sapotaceae) from Malesia and Australasia

2007 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Teguh Triono ◽  
Anthony H. D. Brown ◽  
Judy G. West ◽  
Michael D. Crisp
Keyword(s):  
Maximum Parsimony ◽  
Internal Transcribed Spacer ◽  
New Caledonia ◽  
Its Region ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Leaf Venation ◽  
Generic Delimitation ◽  
Edible Fruit

The genus Pouteria Aublet is a pantropical group and many of its species produce high-quality timber and edible fruit. In 1991, on the basis of morphological characters, Pennington combined the genus Planchonella Pierre with Pouteria, expanding the latter genus to nine sections and 325 species. However, many Planchonella species were not included in his account and doubt remains about the generic limits of Pouteria sensu Pennington. This paper re-assesses the generic delimitation of Pouteria and its affinities with Planchonella from molecular data generated from the nuclear-encoded internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region. The analysis includes 22 Planchonella species and three Pouteria species sensu van Royen collected from Malesia and Australia, and seven additional Planchonella species from New Caledonia with molecular data available from GenBank. Other genera from Sapotaceae included in the analysis were Chrysophyllum, Niemeyera, Pichonia, Pycnandra and Xantolis (tribe Chrysophylleae) and Mimusops, Palaquium and Manilkara (outgroups from other tribes). The resulting ITS cladograms from both Bayesian and maximum parsimony analyses indicated that Malesian and Australasian Pouteria species are not monophyletic and comprise three separate lineages, therefore providing evidence against the broad circumscription of this genus by Pennington. Tertiary leaf venation type (reticulate, parallel or ramified), when mapped onto the phylogeny, correlated with these groupings, indicating that this character is taxonomically informative.

Notholirion campanulatum is co-specific with N. bulbuliferum (Liliaceae) based on morphology and molecular data

Phytotaxa ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 471 (3) ◽  
pp. 234-246
Author(s):  
JUAN LI ◽  
SONG-DONG ZHOU ◽  
MEI YANG ◽  
DENG-FENG XIE ◽  
XING-JIN HE
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Tibetan Plateau ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Comprehensive Analysis ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Nuclear Its ◽  
Cpdna Markers

Notholirion campanulatum and N. bulbuliferum are parapatrically distributed in the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau and adjacent regions, however, their relationship has been controversial for a long time. In this study, six morphological characters including colour of corolla/ovary/bulblet, corolla shape, tepal size, and pollen form, together with nuclear ITS and four cpDNA markers (matK, ndhA, ndhG-I, and petL-G) were selected to perform a comprehensive analysis on 23 populations. Our results indicate that morphological characters of N. campanulatum and N. bulbuliferum are congruent with each other, and the phylogenetic analysis revealed that N. campanulatum closely nested with N. bulbuliferum. Therefore, we propose that these two species should be regarded as synonyms.

Phylogenetics of hopbushes and pepperflowers (Dodonaea, Diplopeltis - Sapindaceae), based on nuclear ribosomal ITS and partial ETS sequences incorporating secondary-structure models

2010 ◽  
Vol 23 (6) ◽  
pp. 431 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark G. Harrington ◽  
Paul A. Gadek
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Structure ◽  
Arid Zone ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Molecular Study ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
The Other ◽  
New Combinations ◽  
Evolutionary Trends ◽  
Secondary Structure Models

Hopbushes and pepperflowers (Dodonaea, Diplopeltis – Sapindaceae) are important components of Australia’s arid zone and sclerophyll and temperate forests and woodlands. Phylogenetic analyses of nuclear ribosomal ITS and partial ETS sequences for near-complete sampling of both genera were performed using a Bayesian statistical method and RNA specific models of nucleotide evolution that incorporate secondary structure (separate models for stems and loops). Diplopeltis is paraphyletic. Diplopeltis stuartii is not closer to other species of the genus than it is to species outside the genus. There are also several evolutionary elements in the molecular data that support D. stuartii as distinct from the other members of the genus. The monophyly of Dodonaea as redefined here to include all species of Distichostemon is unequivocally supported by the molecular data and the morphological synapomorphies of petal-less flowers with a highly reduced intrastaminal disk that is absent in staminate flowers. There do not appear to be any obvious evolutionary trends in the morphological characters (leaf and capsule form, presence or absence of aril, or breeding system) that have been previously used to group taxa. However, there are some morphological characters that may be useful to delineate some of the clades recovered in the present molecular study. New combinations in Dodonaea are made for all species of Distichostemon.

Phylogeny of the Hexactinellida: phylogenetic reconstruction of the subclass Hexasterophora based on morphological characters

2013 ◽  
Vol 95 (7) ◽  
pp. 1365-1369 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Henkel ◽  
K. Borkenhagen ◽  
D. Janussen
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Trees ◽  
Phylogenetic Reconstruction ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Comprehensive Analysis ◽  
Morphological Features ◽  
Good Correspondence ◽  
Systematic Classification ◽  
Phylogenetic Relations ◽  
Number Of Species

Amongst the Hexactinellida, Hexasterophora is the most important taxon in terms of number of species as well as concerning the variability in morphological characters. In this study the first comprehensive analysis of phylogenetic relations between hexactinellid families and genera of the subclass Hexasterophora based on morphological features is presented. Therefore, 157 morphological characters of the Hexasterophora were compiled into a matrix by presence/absence data. The resulting phylogenetic trees are compared with conclusions based on molecular data and classical systematics. So far, we find the main hexasterophoran taxa (Hexactinosida, Rossellidae and Euplectellidae) well established as monophyletic and in rather good correspondence with classical systematics and molecular results. Our phylogenetic trees largely support the systematic classification proposed by Schulze (1886) and Mehl (2002). However, some families (e.g. Euretidae) are not corroborated. For others (Euplectellidae), our cladistics approach is at odds with the system proposed by Tabachnick (2002a). Morphological phylogeny becomes problematic for those taxa, in which many of the diagnostic characters are either symplesiomorphic, or multiple homoplastic. Our results indicated the need for revision of the classification features used.

Phylogenomics in the Hard Pines (Pinus subsection Ponderosae; Pinaceae) Confirms Paraphyly in Pinus ponderosa, and Places Pinus jeffreyi with the California Big Cone Pines

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ann Willyard ◽  
David S. Gernandt ◽  
Blake Cooper ◽  
Connor Douglas ◽  
Kristen Finch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sierra Nevada ◽  
Pinus Ponderosa ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Nucleotide Sequences ◽  
Nuclear Genes ◽  
Potential Zone ◽  
Species Trees ◽  
Pinus Jeffreyi ◽  
The Usa

We sampled 130 individuals (2 to 25 per taxon) of Pinus subsections Ponderosae and Sabinianae. Nucleotide sequences were obtained by targeting 703 low copy nuclear genes. From the unenriched portion of the short reads, we assembled nearly complete plastome nucleotide sequences. We used 600 nuclear genes and the plastome sequences to create phylogenies and species trees that we compared to evaluate cytonuclear concordance and reticulation. We found that Pinus jeffreyi belongs with Pinus subsect. Sabinianae based on morphological synapomorphiesas well as strong molecular phylogenetic support. Pinus ponderosa sensu lato is paraphyletic, and we suggest treatment as three species: P. ponderosa sensu stricto (with P. ponderosa var. ponderosa, P. ponderosa var. benthamiana, and P. ponderosa var. washoensis), P. scopulorum, and P. brachyptera. The persistence of lineages with the footprints of ancient nuclear introgression (labeled bpw in clade N4) and chloroplast capture (labeledbpw in clade P1) should caution species identification in Pinus subsection Ponderosae based on limited molecular data. The hybrid frequency was low based on cytonuclear discordance, and the persistence of an ancient P1 plastid clade is a better explanation than hybridization betweenP. ponderosa and P. jeffreyi for unexpected plastid associations in the western Sierra Nevada, USA. We identified a new potential zone of ancient admixture between P. ponderosa and P. scopulorum in Idaho, USA. Some populations of P. arizonica, P. brachyptera, P. engelmannii, and P. scopulorum in the USA are more closely related to taxa with distributions limited to Mexico than they are to each other. To integrate phylogeny and taxonomy, future work should sample widely in Mexico and the USA, score morphological characters (including seedling characters from the known seed parent), on the same individual as used for molecular data, and use methods that are based on individuals rather than population frequencies.

scholarly journals The Strepsiptera-Odyssey: the history of the systematic placement of an enigmatic parasitic insect order

Entomologia ◽  
2013 ◽  
pp. e4 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Pohl ◽  
R.G. Beutel
Keyword(s):  
Single Copy ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Nuclear Genes ◽  
Morphological Data ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Protein Coding ◽  
Insect Order ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
History Of

The history of the phylogenetic placement of the parasitic insect order Strepsiptera is outlined. The first species was described in 1793 by P. Rossi and assigned to the hymenopteran family Ichneumonidae. A position close to the cucujiform beetle family Rhipiphoridae was suggested by several earlier authors. Others proposed a close relationship with Diptera or even a group Pupariata including Diptera, Strepsiptera and Coccoidea. A subordinate placement within the polyphagan series Cucujiformia close to the wood-associated Lymexylidae was favored by the coleopterist R.A. Crowson. W. Hennig considered a sistergroup relationship with Coleoptera as the most likely hypothesis but emphasized the uncertainty. Cladistic analyses of morphological data sets yielded very different placements, alternatively as sistergroup of Coleoptera, Antliophora, or all other holometabolan orders. Results based on ribosomal genes suggested a sistergroup relationship with Diptera (Halteria concept). A clade Coleopterida (Strepsiptera and Coleoptera) was supported in two studies based on different combinations of protein coding nuclear genes. Analyses of data sets comprising seven or nine genes (7 single copy nuclear genes), respectively, yielded either a subordinate placement within Coleoptera or a sistergroup relationship with Neuropterida. Several early hypotheses based on a typological approach − affinities with Diptera, Coleoptera, a coleopteran subgroup, or Neuropterida − were revived using either a Hennigian approach or formal analyses of morphological characters or different molecular data sets. A phylogenomic approach finally supported a sistergroup relationship with monophyletic Coleoptera.

New and noteworthy lichen-forming and lichenicolous fungi 10

2020 ◽  
Vol 62 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 69-108
Author(s):  
S. Y. Kondratyuk ◽  
D. K. Upreti ◽  
G. K. Mishra ◽  
S. Nayaka ◽  
K. K. Ingle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
South Korea ◽  
Eastern Europe ◽  
South Asia ◽  
New Combinations ◽  
Eastern Asia ◽  
Forest Zone ◽  
Mediterranean Europe ◽  
First Time ◽  
India And China

Eight species, new for science, i.e.: Lobothallia gangwondoana S. Y. Kondr., J.-J. Woo et J.-S. Hur and Phyllopsora dodongensis S. Y. Kondr. et J.-S. Hur from South Korea, Eastern Asia, Ioplaca rinodinoides S. Y. Kondr., K. K. Ingle, D. K. Upreti et S. Nayaka, Letrouitia assamana S. Y. Kondr., G. K. Mishra et D. K. Upreti, and Rusavskia indochinensis S. Y. Kondr., D. K. Upreti et S. Nayaka from India and China, South Asia, Caloplaca orloviana S. Y. Kondr. and Rusavskia drevlyanica S. Y. Kondr. et O. O. Orlov from Ukraine, Eastern Europe, as well as Xanthoria ibizaensis S. Y. Kondr. et A. S. Kondr. from Ibiza Island, Spain, Mediterranean Europe, are described, illustrated and compared with closely related taxa. Fominiella tenerifensis S. Y. Kondr., Kärnefelt, A. Thell et Feuerer is for the first time recorded from Mediterranean Europe, Huriella loekoesiana S. Y. Kondr. et Upreti is provided from Russia for the first time, and H. pohangensis S. Y. Kondr., L. Lőkös et J.-S. Hur for the first time from China, Phoma candelariellae Z. Kocakaya et Halıcı is new to Ukraine, and Staurothele frustulenta Vain. is recorded from the Forest Zone of Ukraine for the first time. Twelve new combinations, i.e.: Bryostigma apotheciorum (for Sphaeria apotheciorum A. Massal.), Bryostigma biatoricola (for Arthonia biatoricola Ihlen et Owe-Larss.), Bryostigma dokdoense (for Arthonia dokdoensis S. Y. Kondr., L. Lőkös, B. G. Lee, J.-J. Woo et J.-S. Hur), Bryostigma epiphyscium (for Arthonia epiphyscia Nyl.), Bryostigma lobariellae (for Arthonia lobariellae Etayo), Bryostigma lapidicola (for Lecidea lapidicola Taylor), Bryostigma molendoi (for Tichothecium molendoi Heufl. ex Arnold), Bryostigma neglectulum (for Arthonia neglectula Nyl.), Bryostigma parietinarium (for Arthonia parietinaria Hafellner et Fleischhacker), Bryostigma peltigerinum (for Arthonia vagans var. peltigerina Almq.), Bryostigma phaeophysciae (for Arthonia phaeophysciae Grube et Matzer), Bryostigma stereocaulinum (for Arthonia nephromiaria var. stereocaulina Ohlert), are proposed based on results of combined phylogenetic analysis based on mtSSU and RPB2 gene sequences. Thirty-one new combinations for members of the genus Polyozosia (i.e.: Polyozosia actophila (for Lecanora actophila Wedd.), Polyozosia agardhiana (for Lecanora agardhiana Ach.), Polyozosia altunica (for Myriolecis altunica R. Mamut et A. Abbas), Polyozosia antiqua (for Lecanora antiqua J. R. Laundon), Polyozosia bandolensis (for Lecanora bandolensis B. de Lesd.), Polyozosia behringii (for Lecanora behringii Nyl.), Polyozosia caesioalutacea (for Lecanora caesioalutacea H. Magn.), Polyozosia carlottiana (for Lecanora carlottiana C. J. Lewis et Śliwa), Polyozosia congesta (for Lecanora congesta Clauzade et Vězda), Polyozosia eurycarpa (for Lecanora eurycarpa Poelt, Leuckert et Cl. Roux), Polyozosia expectans (Lecanora expectans Darb.), Polyozosia flowersiana (Lecanora flowersiana H. Magn.), Polyozosia fugiens (for Lecanora fugiens Nyl.), Polyozosia invadens (for Lecanora invadens H. Magn.), Polyozosia juniperina (for Lecanora juniperina Śliwa), Polyozosia latzelii (for Lecanora latzelii Zahlbr.), Polyozosia liguriensis (for Lecanora liguriensis B. de Lesd.), Polyozosia massei (for Myriolecis massei M. Bertrand et J.-Y. Monnat), Polyozosia mons-nivis (for Lecanora mons-nivis Darb.), Polyozosia oyensis (for Lecanora oyensis M.-P. Bertrand et Cl. Roux), Polyozosia percrenata (for Lecanora percrenata H. Magn.), Polyozosia persimilis (for Lecanora hagenii subsp. persimilis Th. Fr.), Polyozosia poeltiana (for Lecanora poeltiana Clauzade et Cl. Roux), Polyozosia prominens (for Lecanora prominens Clauzade et Vězda), Polyozosia prophetae-eliae (for Lecanora prophetae-eliae Sipman), Polyozosia salina (for Lecanora salina H. Magn.), Polyozosia schofieldii (for Lecanora schofieldii Brodo), Polyozosia sverdrupiana (for Lecanora sverdrupiana Øvstedal), Polyozosia torrida (for Lecanora torrida Vain.), Polyozosia wetmorei (for Lecanora wetmorei Śliwa), Polyozosia zosterae (for Lecanora subfusca? zosterae Ach.)) are proposed.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document