Revisiting the taxonomy of the names Cephalotaxus mannii and C. griffithii (Taxaceae)

Phytotaxa ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 501 (1) ◽  
pp. 189-194
Author(s):  
SUNITA BISHT ◽  
JIBANKUMAR SINGH KHURAIJAM ◽  
RITA SINGH
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Separate Species ◽  
Cephalotaxus Mannii

The typification and taxonomy of Cephalotaxus mannii and C. griffithii are discussed. Based on the study of their morphological characters, taxonomic literature and specimens in different herbaria, we consider both the taxa as separate species not as synonyms of each other or of C. harringtonii. A key to all the species of Cephalotaxus is also provided for easy identification. During the study, it is found that, the name C. mannii was erroneous lectotypified. The errors are rectified by selecting proper lectotype.

Revison of the Tasmanian genus of freshwater crayfish Astacopsis Huxley (Decapoda : Parastacidae)

1982 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 699 ◽  
Author(s):  
R Swain ◽  
AMM Richardson ◽  
M Hortle
Keyword(s):  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Species Boundaries ◽  
Freshwater Crayfish ◽  
Separate Species ◽  
Drainage Systems ◽  
Number Of Species ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Animal Size

Astacopsis Huxley is revised by examination of a wide range of morphological characters. The number of species is reduced from four to two by synonymy. Variation in spination is examined in A. franklinii in relation to geographical distribution (based upon the major drainage systems in Tasmania), animal size and habitat; spininess is found to relate predominantly to animal size. The distribution of Astacopsis within Tasmania is greatly extended and previous reports of geographically separate species' boundaries, indicating limited distributions. can no longer be accepted. Synonymies and diagnoses are provided for A. franklinii and A. gouldi, and a key to their identification is presented.

The Taxonomic Status of Littorina Neglecta: A Comment to Grahame, Mill, Double and Hull

1993 ◽  
Vol 73 (1) ◽  
pp. 249-249 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Johannesson ◽  
B. Johannesson
Keyword(s):  
Western Europe ◽  
Short Communication ◽  
Taxonomic Status ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Littorina Saxatilis ◽  
Separate Species ◽  
Close Coupling ◽  
Allozyme Loci ◽  
North Western ◽  
High Shore

In a short communication Grahame et al. (1992) argue against our finding that Littorina neglecta Bean is an ecotype of Littorina saxatilis (Olivi) rather than a separate species (Johannesson & Johannesson, 1990b). Unfortunately, Grahame et al. (1992) have miss-represented our earlier paper, and we feel the need to refute their arguments.In populations from north-western Europe we studied morphological characters used to separate Littorina neglecta from L. saxatilis. We found that intermediate shapes were common and, furthermore, we found no close coupling among characters used to define L. neglecta (Johannesson & Johannesson, 1990a). We further analysed the genetic variation in five strongly polymorphic allozyme loci. In four loci we found a pattern that indicated that L. neglecta is not reproductively isolated from L. saxatilis. In the fifth locus, Aat-1, we found consistent differences between populations of L. neglecta (from the low shore) and L. saxatilis (from the high shore). Similar differences were observed between low and high shore populations in Sweden where, however, no snails of neglecta-type were present.

Mitochondrial DNA sequence evidence supporting the recognition of a new North Atlantic Pseudostichopus species (Echinodermata: Holothuroidea)

2004 ◽  
Vol 84 (5) ◽  
pp. 1077-1084 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisco A. Solís-Marín ◽  
David S.M. Billett ◽  
Joanne Preston ◽  
Alex D. Rogers
Keyword(s):  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Mitochondrial Gene ◽  
Distinct Species ◽  
Molecular Study ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Coi Gene ◽  
Species Status ◽  
Separate Species ◽  
The Family ◽  
A New Species

A new species of the synallactid sea cucumber genus Pseudostichopus is described, P. aemulatus sp. nov., based on genetic (DNA sequences of the mitochondrial gene Cytochrome Oxidase I [COI] gene) and morphological characters. A comparative molecular study with two other species of the same genus (P. villosus and P. mollis) and from a different family (Isostichopus fuscus) was carried out in order to clarify its taxonomic identity. The nucleotide distance between P. aemulatus sp. nov. and P. villosus and P. mollis is sufficient to support distinct species status. The estimated difference in the number of amino acids, coded for by a partially sequenced COI gene, within the species of the family Synallactidae ranged from 4 to 18. The phylogenetic analysis clearly supports separate species status of these sympatric morphotypes, as indicated by the morphological analysis.

Reproductive behaviour and cross-mating of two closely related pygmy squids Idiosepius biserialis and Idiosepius thailandicus (Cephalopoda: Idiosepiidae)

2008 ◽  
Vol 88 (5) ◽  
pp. 987-993 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaruwat Nabhitabhata ◽  
Jitima Suwanamala
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Behaviour ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Andaman Sea ◽  
Individual Species ◽  
Gulf Of Thailand ◽  
Separate Species ◽  
Behavioural Patterns ◽  
Sea Grass ◽  
In Captivity ◽  
The Difference

Idiosepius biserialis and Idiosepius thailandicus have been previously described as separate species although the difference in morphological characters is only the arrangement of pegs in tentacular-club suckers. The former species inhabits sea grass beds in the Andaman Sea of Thailand. The latter species inhabits mangroves in the eastern Gulf of Thailand. The present study of reproductive behaviour, mating, and spawning of the two species in captivity demonstrated that they are closely related. Copulation was performed using tentacles by the male for fixation of spermatophores at the buccal region of the female. Behavioural patterns were distinguished based on the hovering and adhering positions of each sex. Cross-mating between two species was initiated and observed, yielding fertilized eggs which developed to the organogenesis stage. Reproductive behaviour of crossed pairs was similar to those of individual species. This study revealed that the two ‘species’ are not reproductively isolated.

Geographical Variation in Corroboree Frogs, Pseudophryne Corroboree Moore (Anura: Myobatrachidae): a Reappraisal Supports Recognition of P-Pengilleyi Wells &Wellington

1996 ◽  
Vol 44 (6) ◽  
pp. 569 ◽  
Author(s):  
WS Osborne ◽  
RA Zentelis ◽  
M Lau
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Colour Pattern ◽  
Separate Species ◽  
Advertisement Calls ◽  
Form Analysis ◽  
Southern Form ◽  
Mean Size ◽  
The Mean ◽  
One Year ◽  
Breeding Seasons

The extent of divergence in morphology and colour-pattern between allopatric populations of the corroboree frog, Pseudophyrne corroboree, was assessed over three breeding seasons by examination of eggs, tadpoles and adults throughout the distributional range of the species. Advertisement calls of individuals from each of the populations also were recorded and analysed. The mean size of adults was found to vary considerably between years; however, within any one year individuals from the Snowy Mountains (southern form) were significantly larger than individuals from the Brindabella Range and Fiery Range (northern form), with the differences apparently not simply related to environmental influences. Multivariate analysis of quantitative morphological characters and colour-pattern separated the frogs into two distinct geographic groups corresponding with the northern form and southern form. Analysis of advertisement calls indicated that there were slight differences in the structure of the calls of the two forms, with the main differences being in call duration and number of pulses. These results, combined with the previously described genetic differences, support their recognition as separate species. It is recommended that the name P. corroboree be restricted to the southern form and that the northern form be referred to as P. pengilleyi Wells & Wellington.

scholarly journals A taxonomic evaluation of the Thesium confine species complex (Santalaceae)

Bothalia ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kagiso S. Mashego ◽  
M. Marianne Le Roux
Keyword(s):  
Species Complex ◽  
Growth Form ◽  
Taxonomic Revision ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Research Strategy ◽  
Herbarium Specimens ◽  
African Species ◽  
Separate Species ◽  
Distribution Ranges ◽  
The Family

Background: Thesium L. is the largest genus in the family Santalaceae (sandalwood family). The last taxonomic revision of the southern African species dates back to 1925. An urgent revision of the genus is required as indicated in a recent national biosystematics research strategy for South Africa.Objectives: To revise the Thesium confine species complex (Thesium durum, T. confine and Thesium spartioides) and to update the typification, nomenclature, descriptions and distribution ranges.Method: Morphological characters were studied using own field collections as well as herbarium specimens from K, NU, PRE and PRU and images on Global Plants (JSTOR). Distribution ranges of the studied species were updated.Results: An examination of morphological characters revealed great similarity between T. spartioides and T. confine. Both species have an herbaceous habit, decumbent growth form, terminal (or less frequently axillary) inflorescences and a sympatric northern distribution in South Africa. Thesium durum differs from T. spartioides and T. confine in having a shrubby habit, erect growth form and axillary inflorescences and occurs in the southern part of South Africa.Conclusion: Thesium spartioides is synonymised under T. confine, and T. durum is retained as a separate species.

scholarly journals Genetic analysis reveals Finnish Formica fennica populations do not form a separate genetic entity from F. exsecta

PeerJ ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. e6013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sanja Maria Hakala ◽  
Perttu Seppä ◽  
Maria Heikkilä ◽  
Pekka Punttila ◽  
Jouni Sorvari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Coi Gene ◽  
Species Status ◽  
Separate Species ◽  
Mitochondrial Coi ◽  
Recent Addition ◽  
Morphological Differences ◽  
Dna Microsatellite ◽  
Dna Microsatellite Markers

Coptoformica Müller, 1923 is a subgenus of Formica Linnaeus, 1758 that consists of c. a dozen species of ants that typically inhabit open grassy habitats and build small nest mounds. The most recent addition to the group is Formica fennica Seifert, 2000. The description was based on morphological characters, but the species status has not been confirmed by molecular methods. In this study, we use thirteen DNA microsatellite markers and a partial mitochondrial COI gene sequence to assess the species status of F. fennica, by comparing the genetic variation among samples identified as F. fennica and six other boreal Formica (Coptoformica) species. Most of the species studied form separate, discontinuous clusters in phylogenetic and spatial analyses with only little intraspecific genetic variation. However, both nuclear and mitochondrial markers fail to separate the species pair F. exsecta Nylander, 1846 and F. fennica despite established morphological differences. The genetic variation within the F. exsecta/fennica group is extensive, but reflects spatial rather than morphological differences. Finnish F. fennica populations studied so far should not be considered a separate species, but merely a morph of F. exsecta.

Bursaphelenchus acaloleptae n. sp. sharing tree and beetle carrier hosts with B. luxuriosae Kanzaki & Futai, 2003 in Japan

Nematology ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (5) ◽  
pp. 515-527 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natsumi Kanzaki ◽  
Taisuke Ekino ◽  
Noritoshi Maehara ◽  
Takuya Aikawa ◽  
Robin M. Giblin-Davis
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Biological Species ◽  
Biological Species Concept ◽  
Separate Species ◽  
Aralia Elata ◽  
Host Habitat ◽  
Molecular Profiles ◽  
Group Species ◽  
F1 Generation

Summary Bursaphelenchus acaloleptae n. sp. is described and figured based upon its morphological characters and molecular profiles. The new species belongs to the xylophilus-group of the genus and is typologically characterised by its secretory-excretory pore being located slightly posterior to the median bulb, weakly tapering, relatively broad and straight female tail with variously shaped terminus, and rounded male bursal flap with squared terminus. The new species is phylogenetically and biologically closest to B. luxuriosae. These cryptic species share the host (habitat) tree species, Aralia elata (Araliaceae), the same carrier insect species, Acalolepta luxuriosa (Cerambycidae), and a characteristic phoretic adult form. However, the new species is typologically distinguished from all other xylophilus-group species by the combination of the above-mentioned characters and molecular profiles (SSU and LSU molecular barcodes). Further, B. acaloleptae n. sp. can be distinguished from its closest relative, B. luxuriosae, by mating experiments, i.e., these two species did not produce a viable F1 generation in reciprocal crossings, thereby confirming separate species status using the biological species concept.

The genus Ceratocystis in Ontario

1968 ◽  
Vol 46 (5) ◽  
pp. 689-718 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. D. Griffin
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Bark Beetles ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Ips Pini ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Distribution Data ◽  
Preliminary Survey ◽  
Type Specimens ◽  
Separate Species

From Ontario hardwoods and conifers, 234 collections were examined for Ceratocystis and associated stains and vectors. Most previously described species, including many type specimens, were also studied.Among morphological characters used to separate species of Ceratocystis, those of the ascospores are the most reliable and are stressed in this study. Three-dimensional examination of ascospores, particularly in species possessing spores with sheaths, is necessary to determine spore shape accurately. Four ascospore sheath types are recognized: uniform, hat-shaped, double-brimmed, and quadrangular.A preliminary survey indicates that the bark-beetles Ips pini (Say) and Orthotomicus caelatus (Eich.) may be principal vectors for several Ceratocystis spp. on Ontario conifers.Based mainly on ascospore characters, a key to 60 species of Ceratocystis is provided. The species C. galeiformis Bakshi, C. obscura (Davids.) Hunt, C. polonica (Siem.) Hunt, and C. serpens (Goid.) C. Moreau are excluded. It is proposed that C. ambrosia Bakshi, C. capillifera (Hedgc.) C. Moreau, C. pluriannulata (Hedgc.) C. Moreau, and C. schrenkiana (Hedge.) C. Moreau be considered synonyms of C. pilifera (Fr.) C. Moreau and that C. vesca Davids. be treated as a synonym of C. olivacea (Math.) Hunt. The following species, described since Hunt's key was published, are included: C. bicolor (Davids, and Wells) Davids., C. brevicollis Davids., C. brunnea Davids., C. brunneocrinita Wright and Cain, C. dryocoetidis Kendrick and Molnar, C. europhioides Wright and Cain, C. falcata Wright and Cain, C. huntii Robinson, C. megalobrunnea Davids, and Toole, C. nigra Davids., C. perfecta Davids., C. tremuloaurea Davids, and Hinds, C. truncicola (Davids.) Griffin comb. nov. Eleven new species are described in this paper.Descriptions, figures, and distribution data are provided for most of the 32 species of Ceratocystis encountered in Ontario. The following previously described species were collected: C. bicolor (Davids. and Wells) Davids., C. brunneocrinita Wright and Cain, C. coerulescens (Munch) Bakshi, C. europhioides Wright and Cain, C.fimbriata Ell. and Halst., C. huntii Robinson, C. ips (Rumb.) C. Moreau, C. major (Van Beyma) C. Moreau, C. minor (Hedgc.) Hunt, C. minuta (Siem.) Hunt, C. nigra Davids., C. olivacea (Math.) Hunt, C. perparvispora Hunt, C. piceae (Munch) Bakshi, C. pilifera (Fr.) C. Moreau, C. sagmatospora Wright and Cain, C. stenoceras (Robak) C. Moreau, C. tenella Davids., C. tetropii (Math.) Hunt, C. truncicola (Davids.) Griffin comb, nov., and C. ulmi (Buism.) C. Moreau.The following new species are described by the author: C. acericola, C. allantospora, C. angusticollis, C. capitata, C. crassivaginata, C. dolominuta, C. magnifica, C. ochracea, C. pallida, C. spinulosa, and C. stenospora.

Revision of Molopsis Schatzmayr (Coleoptera: Carabidae: Pterostichini), with descriptions of four new species

Zootaxa ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 3185 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
ROMAN LOHAJ ◽  
BORISLAV GUÉORGUIEV ◽  
GÉRARD DUBAULT ◽  
BERNARD LASSALLE
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Male Genitalia ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Female Genitalia ◽  
Type Material ◽  
Separate Species ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
First Time

The species belonging to the subgenus Molopsis Schatzmayr, 1943 of genus Tapinopterus Schaum, 1858 are revised. Thestudy is based on 372 specimens and includes, for each taxon, diagnosis, description (only for the new species), references,new distributional records and illustrations. Morphological characters of the male and female genitalia are widely used todelimit the separate species, the significance of some non-gonapophyseal genital structures of the females for the system-atics of Molopsis is explicitly emphasized. For the first time, the male genitalia of T. molopiformis, T. molopinus, T. wie-demanni, and T. rebellis, including also newly described species, as well as female genitalia of Molopsis are described andillustrated. All available type material is listed and represented by habitus photographs.As a result, 9 monotypic species of Molopsis are recognized. Tapinopterus rebellis (Chaudoir, 1868) and T. rebelliskumanensis (Reitter, 1884), formerly assigned to Molopsis are recognized as outgroup-taxa. The following new speciesare described: T. (Molopsis) aenigmaticus sp.nov. (Asian Turkey, „Armenia“ imprecise locality), T. (Molopsis) chaudoirisp.nov. (Asian Turkey, Bursa Villayet, Uludağ Mt., Sakarya (Adapazari) Villayet, Gökdağ Mt.), T. (Molopsis) oyukluensissp.nov. (Asian Turkey, Konya Villayet, Fasihan Pass), and T. (Molopsis) relegatus sp.nov. (Asian Turkey, Bolu Villayet,Mengen env., Dorukhan Pass). The following nomenclatural acts are also proposed: Tapinopterus (Molopsis) molopinus (Chaudoir, 1868) = Tapinopterus (Molopsis) dipojranus brussanus Straneo, 1984, syn.nov.; Tapinopterus (Molopsis)

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