Hosts of Amblyomma dissimile Koch, 1844 and Amblyomma rotundatum Koch, 1844 (Acari: Ixodidae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 2541 (1) ◽  
pp. 27 ◽  
Author(s):  
ALBERTO A. GUGLIELMONE ◽  
SANTIAGO NAVA
Keyword(s):  
Host Range ◽  
Tick Species ◽  
Wide Distribution ◽  
Trachemys Scripta ◽  
The Other ◽  
Dasypus Novemcinctus ◽  
Number Of Species ◽  
Boa Constrictor ◽  
Hydrochoerus Hydrochaeris ◽  
Natural Hosts

Host records of Amblyomma dissimile Koch, 1844 and Amblyomma rotundatum Koch, 1844 from the literature were critically reviewed. A total of 417 records on 101 species of tetrapods, and 193 records in 74 species of tetrapods were determined for A. dissimile and A. rotundatum, respectively. Aves have been found only once infested with A. dissimile. This tick has been detected on four species of Bufonidae, while A. rotundatum has been recorded on 13 species from six families of Anura. Crocodilia has been recorded infested by A. rotundatum (captive host, one species) and A. dissimile (two species). Sixteen species of Mammalia from ten families and eight species from eight families have been found infested with A. dissimile and A. rotundatum, including humans, respectively. A total of 63 species of Squamata (10 families) were found infested with A. dissimile, while the corresponding numbers for A. rotundatum are 45 species in nine families. A total of 15 species of Testudines (four families) and nine species (three families) have been found infested with A. dissimile and A. rotundatum, respectively. When infestation on captive and laboratory hosts were excluded from the analysis the number of species naturally infested with A. dissimile diminished to 88 and 58 for A. rotundatum. However, natural hosts infested with larvae, nymphs and adults of A. dissimile are Bufo marinus (Linnaeus), Bufo peltocephalus Tschudi, Proechimys semispinosus (Tomes), Boa constrictor Linnaeus, Epicrates striatus (Fischer), Oxybelis aeneus (Wagler), Cyclura cychlura (Cuvier), Iguana iguana (Linnaeus), Tupinambis teguixin (Linnaeus) and Trachemys scripta (Thunberg), but the commonest hosts harbouring all parasitic stages are B. marinus, B. constrictor and I. iguana. Hosts for all parasitic stages of A. rotundatum are B. marinus, Bufo schneideri Werner and B. constrictor, although records on B. marinus are considerably higher than the records on the other two hosts. The contribution of sheep and Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris (Linnaeus) as hosts of A. dissimile, and Dasypus novemcinctus Linnaeus as host of A. rotundatum, were overestimated in previous studies. The ample host-range of these tick species may partly explain their wide distribution from southern U.S.A. to northern Argentina, but there are also chances that more than one species are represented under the names A. dissimile and A. rotundatum.

Host range and geographic distribution of pangola stunt virus and its planthopper vectors in Australia

1991 ◽  
Vol 42 (5) ◽  
pp. 819 ◽  
Author(s):  
DS Teakle ◽  
S Hicks ◽  
M Karan ◽  
JB Hacker ◽  
RS Greber ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Host Range ◽  
Geographic Distribution ◽  
Field Surveys ◽  
Natural Hosts ◽  
Digitaria Eriantha

Natural hosts of pangola stunt virus (PaSV) in eastern Austalia were found to be Digitaria eriantha ssp. pentzii (pangola grass), D. ciliaris (summer grass) and D. milanjiana. Transmission tests using the planthopper vector, Sogatella kolophon, showed that D. polevansii, D. eriantha ssp. eriantha, D. swazilandensis and the Australian native, D. divaricatissima were also susceptible, whereas D. didactyla was not infected. In tests of 22 species in 15 other genera, only Urochloa panicoides (annual urochloa grass) was infected. In field surveys, PaSV was commonly found in pangola grass in near-coastal districts from Grafton, N.S.W. to Walkamin, N. Qld and was detected up to 100 km inland at Toowoomba. The virus was not detected in either pangola grass or D. eriantha ssp. eriantha in subhumid areas west of Toowoomba or at Gayndah. Sogatella kolophon was collected from Bamaga, N. Qld to Murwillumbah, N.S.W. It was commonly associated with both PaSV-infected and PaSV-free digitgrass pastures. It is concluded that PaSV poses a threat to many digitgrasses in near-coastal districts of Qld and subtropical N.S.W., but so far is unknown in inland Australia.

Hindko in Kohat and Peshawar

1980 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 482-510
Author(s):  
C. Shackle
Keyword(s):  
Present Article ◽  
Wide Distribution ◽  
The Other ◽  
Main Body ◽  
Historical Importance ◽  
Adequate Coverage ◽  
Extreme North ◽  
Language Areas ◽  
North Western ◽  
Scholarly Attention

The Indo-Iranian linguistic frontier constitutes one of the most complex and interesting language-areas of the sub-continent. Given the nature of the area, it is perhaps inevitable that scholarly attention should have been directed particularly to its remoter corners, where so much that is of historical importance has been preserved, and we certainly have every reason to be grateful for the fascination which such out of the way survivals have held for the minds of several outstanding linguists. It is, on the other hand, a matter for regret that so little has been done by comparison on the languages which flourish in less inaccessible parts of the frontier, particularly on the Indo-Aryan side. The wide distribution of such languages alone, quite apart from their intrinsic interest, demands that they too be accorded adequate coverage if the peculiarly complex language-patterns of the area are ever to be properly understood as a whole. The present article, based largely on material collected during a recent field-trip to Pakistan,1 represents an attempt to fill one such gap in contemporary coverage, by providing descriptions of the extreme north-western extensions of the main body of Indo-Aryan.

Windmill Hill, Avebury, and Grime's Graves Cores and Choppers

1919 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 104-108
Author(s):  
H. G. O. Kendall
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Light Blue ◽  
Number Of Species ◽  
The One ◽  
Dark Blue

Cores and chopping tools are very numerous at Windmill Hill, Avebury Down, Grime's Graves, and Cissbury. They are characteristic of the industry. In the main they differ markedly from the cores of the prism industries. True prisms are rare in the one and numerous in the other; the one shows comparatively broad, the other comparatively narrow facets and flakes; the flakes of the latter being on the whole thinner and finer. It is noteworthy that when the flints of both industries have lain near the surface, those of the one in Herts., Wilts., Sussex, Norfolk, and Suffolk are almost invariably white or light blue; whilst those of the other range from light blue, through dark blue, to unchanged black or grey; with a partial exception, easy of explanation, on the coast of Cornwall.The “lumps” may be divided into a number of species. Some were cores only, others were tools for chopping, cutting, scraping, pecking, boring, or clearing out split marrow bones; some were cores first and tools afterwards.

scholarly journals Occurrence of Amblyomma rotundatum Koch, 1844 on Epicrates assisi Machado, 1945 in João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brazil

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 335-338
Author(s):  
Aksa Ingrid Vieira Batista ◽  
Gabriel Vinicius Carvalho de Lucena ◽  
Kleber Silva de Oliveira Filho ◽  
Thiago Ferreira Lopes Nery ◽  
Thiago Fernandes Martins ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Host Species ◽  
Tick Species ◽  
Wide Distribution ◽  
Dorsal Region ◽  
Taxonomic Key ◽  
Caatinga Biome ◽  
First Occurrence ◽  
First Time ◽  
Semi Arid

The Caatinga rainbow boa (Epicrates assisi Machado, 1945) is a snake belonging to the order Squamata, family Boidae, and subfamily Boinae. It has a wide distribution in Brazil and can be found in the Caatinga biome. The present study aims to report the first occurrence of Amblyomma rotundatum on E. assisi in the municipality of João Pessoa, Paraíba State (PB). On March 3, 2020, a tick collection was performed on the dorsal region of the head of an E. assisi, which was captive at the Arruda Câmara Zoobotanical Park, João Pessoa-PB. After collecting the tick, it was transferred to a flask containing 70º alcohol and sent to the Laboratory of Animal Parasitology of the Federal Rural University of the Semi-Arid (UFERSA) for analysis. Identification was done with the aid of a stereomicroscope using a taxonomic key. The result identified this specimen as a nymph of A. rotundatum. The occurrence of this tick species on E. assisi is reported for the first time and constitutes new data applicable to the ectoparasites that occur in this host species in Brazil.

Atropelamento de fauna silvestre em uma Reserva da Biosfera no Brasil: ameaças à conservação do Pantanal Norte do Brasil

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 114-125
Author(s):  
Lucimar Rodrigues Vieira Curvo ◽  
Sônia Biaggi Alves de Alencar ◽  
Franciele Itati Kreutz ◽  
Guilherme Capibaribe Ribeiro Barbosa ◽  
Celso Soares Costa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mato Grosso ◽  
Nasua Nasua ◽  
Boa Constrictor ◽  
Hydrochoerus Hydrochaeris ◽  
Speothos Venaticus

Animais silvestres são atropelados por veículos automotores, causando a morte ao longo de rodovias. Estima-se que 476 milhões de animais silvestres são mortos a cada ano no Brasil. O Pantanal Norte, no bioma brasileiro de Mato Grosso, é uma região que vem ao longo da sua história de uso e ocupação, sofrendo grandes pressões antrópicas, principalmente atividades de garimpo, mineração, pesca desportiva e profissional predatória, introdução de espécies, agricultura, pecuária e urbanização.  A rodovia MT – 040 (Estrada-Parque Santo Antônio – Barão de Melgaço com 112 Km até Barão de Melgaço (Pantanal Norte). O objetivo deste estudo foi registrar atropelamentos de animais silvestres por veículos automotores ao longo da Estrada Parque (Pantanal Norte de Mato Grosso).  Os cadáveres dos animais atropelados foram fotografados e identificados por zoólogos especialistas, através de fotos, georreferenciadas. Obtive-se como resultados a ocorrência de 86 (oitenta e nove) animais, pertencentes a 9 (seis) ordens diferentes. Identificou-se as seguintes espécies: 34 Capivaras (Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris), 10 Quati (Nasua nasua), 6 Tamandua-bandeira (Myrmecophaga tridactyla), 1 Gavião-belo (Busarellus nigricollis), 12 jacaré-do-pantanal (Caiman yacare), 7 Tamanduá-mirim (Tamandua tetradactyla), 17 cahorro-do-mato (Speothos venaticus), 1 sucuri (Eunetctus murinus) e 1 jibóia (Boa constrictor). Constatou-se a predominância da mortandade de mamíferos e das ordens Rodentia, Pilosa e carnívora, durante o período de cheia. Devido a relevância deste estudo, faz-se necessário o monitoramento constante de animais silvestres na região, conhecer sua biologia e principalmente criar políticas públicas que visem a fiscalização, conservação e minimizar os impactos causados nesses ecossistema naturais.  

Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cubense tropical race 4 (TR4).

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claire Curry
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Host Range ◽  
The Other ◽  
Race 4

Abstract TR4 is one of only six strains strains of F. oxysporum f.sp. cubense (Foc) that attack Cavendish bananas (AAA genome). It is much more aggressive on Cavendish than SR4. TR4 was first observed in Taiwan in 1989 but its importance as an invasive was identified in the 1990s when it was isolated from damaged Cavendish plants in Indonesia and Malaysia (Buddenhagen, 2009). TR4 is considered one of the most destructive Foc strains because it has a wider host range than other strains, attacking the important cultivar Cavendish, but also all the other cultivars that are sensitive to Foc (Cheng et al., 2019).

scholarly journals Pseudotype Formation of Moloney Murine Leukemia Virus with Sendai Virus Glycoprotein F

1998 ◽  
Vol 72 (6) ◽  
pp. 5296-5302 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Spiegel ◽  
Michael Bitzer ◽  
Andrea Schenk ◽  
Heidi Rossmann ◽  
Wolfgang J. Neubert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Host Range ◽  
Murine Leukemia Virus ◽  
Sendai Virus ◽  
Mdck Cells ◽  
Leukemia Virus ◽  
Direct Proof ◽  
Hepatoma Cells ◽  
The Other ◽  
Moloney Murine Leukemia Virus ◽  
Murine Leukemia

ABSTRACT Mixed infection of cells with both Moloney murine leukemia virus (MoMLV) and related or heterologous viruses produces progeny pseudotype virions bearing the MoMLV genome encapsulated by the envelope of the other virus. In this study, pseudotype formation between MoMLV and the prototype parainfluenza virus Sendai virus (SV) was investigated. We report for the first time that SV infection of MoMLV producer cells results in the formation of MoMLV(SV) pseudotypes, which display a largely extended host range compared to that of MoMLV particles. This could be associated with SV hemagglutinin-neuraminidase (SV-HN) glycoprotein incorporation into MoMLV envelopes. In contrast, solitary incorporation of the other SV glycoprotein, SV fusion protein (SV-F), resulted in a distinct and narrow extension of the MoMLV host range to asialoglycoprotein receptor (ASGP-R)-positive cells (e.g., cultured human hepatoma cells). Since stably ASGP-R cDNA-transfected MDCK cells, but not parental ASGP-R-negative MDCK cells, were found to be transduced by MoMLV(SV-F) pseudotypes and transduction of ASGP-R-expressing cells was found to be inhibited by ASGP-R antiserum, a direct proof for the ASGP-R-restricted tropism of MoMLV(SV-F) pseudotypes was provided. Cultivation of ASGP-R-positive HepG2 hepatoma cells on Transwell-COL membranes led to a significant enhancement of MoMLV(SV-F) titers in subsequent flowthrough transduction experiments, thereby suggesting the importance of ASGP-R accessibility at the basolateral domain for MoMLV(SV-F) pseudotype transduction. The availability of such ASGP-R-restricted MoMLV(SV-F)-pseudotyped vectors opens up new perspectives for future liver-restricted therapeutic gene transfer applications.

Notes on the Life-history of Cheiloneurus noxius, Compere (Hym.)

1937 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 181-183 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard H. Le Pelley
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Southern California ◽  
World Wide ◽  
Wide Distribution ◽  
Economic Importance ◽  
Number Of Species ◽  
History Of ◽  
Made In

A number of species of this genus of Encyrtid parasites are known to be, and others are suspected to be, secondary parasites ; but apparently the complete life-history has not been observed in any one case. As the genus has an almost world-wide distribution and is doubtless of considerable economic importance, the following observations made in Southern California in part of 1935 and 1936 are recorded.

Benthic community structure of the Bosphorus and surrounding area

2002 ◽  
Vol 46 (8) ◽  
pp. 37-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Uysal ◽  
A. Yüksek ◽  
E. Okuş ◽  
N. Yilmaz
Keyword(s):  
Black Sea ◽  
Dominant Species ◽  
Lower Layer ◽  
Current System ◽  
Temporal Distribution ◽  
Wide Distribution ◽  
The Other ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Sea Of Marmara ◽  
Other Hand

Spatial and temporal distribution of benthic communities around the Strait of Istanbul (Bosphorus) and the effect of lower layer discharge on these communities have been evaluated during studies between FebruaryÐDecember 1999. Mytilus galloprovincialis was the dominant species with fasies at the Black Sea station that is not affected by the strait lower layer current system. On the other hand, another Black Sea station, influenced by the strait lower layer currents, has a similar biota to the strait stations. Species richness and diversity is highest in the strait than other areas. The dominant species is Maera grossimana. However, the station located at the Black Sea exit of the strait has a different biota, and various groups/species appeared to be dominant. Melinna palmata is the dominant species at the Sea of Marmara during the study period. Low dissolved oxygen values of lower layer and soft substratum of sediment resulted in wide distribution of Melinna palmata, adapted to these conditions. The closer stations to the strait in the Sea of Marmara have higher diversity as a result of hydrodynamic processes. On the other hand, coastal stations with low currents and inputs have lower index values, showing the negative effect of discharges and pollution.

scholarly journals Structural composition and distribution of tree species of Dudhpukuria-Dhopachori Wildlife Sanctuary, Chittagong, Bangladesh

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
MA Hossain ◽  
MK Hossain ◽  
MS Alam ◽  
MM Abdullah Al Mamun
Keyword(s):  
Tree Species ◽  
Natural Regeneration ◽  
Sustainable Management ◽  
Dominant Species ◽  
The Other ◽  
Wildlife Sanctuary ◽  
Height Range ◽  
Structural Composition ◽  
Number Of Species ◽  
Successful Recruitment

Structural composition based on diameter and height class distribution of the tree species of Dudhpukuria-Dhopachori Wildlife Sanctuary, Chittagong, Bangladesh was assessed. A total of 183 tree species having ≥ 10 DBH belonging to 125 genera and 48 families was recorded from the study area. Different species were found to dominate in different DBH classes, i.e. Aporosa wallichii (4.06%), Artocarpus chama (1.54%) and Dillenia pentagyna (0.38%) dominated 10 - < 25 cm, 25 - < 40 cm and 40 - < 55 cm DBH, respectively. Swintonia floribunda was found in maximum (7 out of 8) number of DBH classes. Both the percentage of tree individuals (73.18%) and number of species (169) were highest in 10-24.5cm DBH range. Similarly, Dipterocarpus turbinatus (14.5-24.4m and 24.5-34.4m) and Swintonia floribunda (34.5-44.4m and 44.5-54.4m) were dominant in two height ranges each. On the other hand, height range 4.5 - 14.4 m was dominated by Aporosa wallichii (4.36%). Dipterocarpus costatus, Artocarpus chama, Syzygium firmum and Bombax insigne were found in all the height classes. Both the number of tree species and number of individual stems (167 species; 1,684 individuals) were highest in the height range of 4.5-14.4m. The number of species and tree individuals decreased linearly with increasing height. All these indicate that, there was a sustainable natural regeneration and successful recruitment of Aporosa wallichii, Dipterocarpus turbinatus, Lithocarpus acuminata, Grewia nervosa and Artocarpus chama in Dudhpukuria-Dhopachori Wildlife Sanctuary. Dipterocarpus turbinatus was found as dominant species as it constitures maximum (5.56%) percentage of all tree individuals. The findings of the study may be useful for protection, conservation and sustainable management of Dudhpukuria-Dhopachori Wildlife Sanctuary.J. Biodivers. Conserv. Bioresour. Manag. 2017, 3(1): 17-30

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