Laevistrombus Abbott 1960 (Gastropoda: Strombidae): Indian and southwest Pacific species

Zootaxa ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4555 (4) ◽  
pp. 491
Author(s):  
STEPHEN J. MAXWELL ◽  
AART M. DEKKERS ◽  
TASMIN L. RYMER ◽  
BRADLEY C. CONGDON
Keyword(s):  
Distinct Species ◽  
Geographic Range ◽  
Species Level ◽  
Type Material ◽  
Marine Gastropod ◽  
Comparative Analyses ◽  
Southwest Pacific ◽  
Significant Variability ◽  
Extant Species ◽  
Pacific Species

Here we evaluate the taxonomy of the marine gastropod genus Laevistrombus Abbott, 1960 and determine that there are five extant species within this genus, three of which occur in the southwest Pacific. Comparative analyses of this complex have been problematic due to the lack of designated type material. Therefore, we present the type material for L. canarium Linnaeus, 1758; L. taeniatus Quoy & Gaimard, 1834; and L. vanikorensis Quoy & Gaimard, 1834. Current taxonomy has L. vanikorensis absorbed within the L. canarium complex. L. taeniatus is generally held to be a synonym of L. turturella Röding, 1789. We demonstrate that both L. taeniatus and L. vanikorensis are distinct species and reinstate both to species level. Our revision also notes the significant variability in early teleoconch structure within the geographic range of L. vanikorensis, and highlights the need for a greater revision of Laevistrombus, given the diversity in early teleoconch morphology present in southwest Pacific species. 

Nomenclature and type material of the marine gastropod Euplica scripta (Lamarck, 1822) (Sorbeoconcha: Buccinoidea: Columbellidae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 1105 (1) ◽  
pp. 37 ◽  
Author(s):  
RICHARD C. WILLAN
Keyword(s):  
Current Trend ◽  
Species Level ◽  
Junior Synonym ◽  
Type Material ◽  
Marine Gastropod ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Future

This contribution stabilises the species-level nomenclature of a very common and widespread IndoPacific species of dove snail (Columbellidae). This species has had a confused nomenclature through uncertainty over secondary homonymy. Despite bearing the same epithet, the scientific names Murex scriptus Linnaeus, 1758 and Colombella (sic) scripta Lamarck, 1822 are not, and never have been, secondary homonyms because the species they represent are located in separate genera (and subfamilies) in the Columbellidae (i.e., presently in Mitrella (Pyreninae) and Euplica (Columbellinae), respectively) and the Lamarckian epithet has never been formally or intentionally replaced on the grounds of homonymy. A case of secondary homonymy would only arise in the future if an author considered them congeneric which, given the current trend for greater generic splitting in the family to accommodate monophyletic clades, appears highly unlikely. In order to settle the nomenclature unambiguously and avoid possible future taxonomic difficulties with species related to E. scripta i.e., E. varians (G.B. Sowerby 1, 1822), E. bidentata (Menke, 1843) and E. borealis (Pilsbry, 1904), a specimen from the Philippine Islands is herein selected as neotype for both Columbella scripta and C. versicolor G.B. Sowerby 1, 1832, the most frequently used junior synonym, in the absence of any definite syntypes. In other words, the names Colombella scripta Lamarck and Columbella versicolor G.B. Sowerby 1 are henceforth objective synonyms.

Adding stars to the Chromodoris (Nudibranchia, Chromodorididae) galaxy with the description of four new species

Zootaxa ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 4819 (3) ◽  
pp. 401-435
Author(s):  
LYNN J. BONOMO ◽  
TERRENCE M. GOSLINER
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
New Species ◽  
Species Delimitation ◽  
Distinct Species ◽  
Species Level ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Color Patterns ◽  
Species Relationships ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic ◽  
Pacific Species

This paper describes four new Chromodoris species: Chromodoris balat sp. nov., Chromodoris baqe sp. nov., Chromodoris kalawakan sp. nov., and Chromodoris quagga sp. nov. We were able to distinguish 44 species level lineages within Chromodoris, expanding the Indo-Pacific species from 39 species. The phylogeny presented here provides slightly greater resolution of species relationships than do previous studies of this genus. Layton et al. (2018), determined that variable color patterns made it difficult to differentiate in living specimens of distinct species, but we provide some additional stable color characters that potentially help resolve this issue, as well as additional internal features that are useful in species delimitation and correlate with the molecular phylogenetic analysis.

Phylogenetic revision of the Late Ordovician orthid brachiopod generaPlaesiomysandHebertellafrom Laurentia

2013 ◽  
Vol 87 (6) ◽  
pp. 1107-1128 ◽  
Author(s):  
David F. Wright ◽  
Alycia L. Stigall
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Approach ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Distinct Species ◽  
Geographic Range ◽  
Late Ordovician ◽  
Species Level ◽  
Evolutionary Relationships ◽  
Marine Communities ◽  
Bayesian Methodologies ◽  
Phylogenetic Revision

The orthidine brachiopod generaPlaesiomysandHebertellaare significant constituents of Late Ordovician benthic marine communities throughout Laurentia. Species-level phylogenetic analyses were conducted on both genera to inform systematic revisions and document evolutionary relationships. Phylogenetic analyses combined discrete and continuous characters, from which character states were determined using a statistical approach, and utilized both cladistic and Bayesian methodologies.Plaesiomys cutterensis,P. idahoensis, andP. occidentalisare herein recognized as distinct species rather than subspecies ofP. subquadratus. Similarly,Hebertella montoyensisandH. prestonensisare recognized as distinct species separate fromH. occidentalis, andH. richmondensisis recognized as a distinct species rather than a geographical variant ofH. alveata.Hebertella subjugatais removed from its tentative synonymy withH. occidentalisand revalidated.The development of species-level evolutionary hypotheses forPlaesiomysandHebertellaprovides a detailed framework for assessing evolutionary and paleobiogeographic patterns of Late Ordovician brachiopods from Laurentia. The geographic range ofHebertellaexpanded throughout Laurentia during the Richmondian into both intracratonic and marginal basins.Plaesiomys subquadratusparticipated in the Late Ordovician Richmondian Invasion. The recovered phylogenetic topology forPlaesiomyssuggests thatP. subquadratusmay have migrated into the Cincinnati region from a basin situated to the paleo-northeast.

GENETIC RELATIONSHIPS AMONG CHORISTONEURA SPECIES (LEPIDOPTERA: TORTRICIDAE) IN NORTH AMERICA AS REVEALED BY ISOZYME STUDIES

1996 ◽  
Vol 128 (2) ◽  
pp. 245-262 ◽  
Author(s):  
G.T. Harvey
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Genetic Relationships ◽  
Distinct Species ◽  
Geographic Range ◽  
Genetic Distances ◽  
Species Level ◽  
Aspartate Transaminase ◽  
Polymorphic Loci ◽  
Wagner Trees ◽  
Better Than

AbstractAllozymes at several polymorphic loci were assayed in larval collections of 12 recognized species and two possible new species of Choristoneura and two species of Archips. Most of the 48 collections came from high density populations, and those of C. fumiferana, C. occidentalis, and C. pinus represented much of the geographic range of these species. Mean percentage heterozygosity ranged from 2.0 to 18.6%, based on nine polymorphic loci. Three loci are sex-linked in C. fumiferana, two in C. pinus and C. occidentalis and probably in some other members of the group. Allozymes of aspartate transaminase (AAT-1) were most varied among the species and permit identification of individual C. fumiferana in better than 95% of cases. Among the group of coniferophagous Choristoneura species genetic distances were small (max. Nei = 0.232); C. fumiferana was the most distinct species. Wagner trees based on modified Rogers’ distances supported the above conclusions but indicated that separations among C. biennis, C. orae, C. occidentalis, C. carnana, C. subretiniana, and the two new species of Choristoneura were very small and probably below the species level, based on the allozymes measured.

A monographic account of Australian species of Amphiroa (Corallinaceae, Rhodophyta)

2013 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 81 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. S. Harvey ◽  
W. J. Woelkerling ◽  
J. M. Huisman ◽  
C. F. D. Gurgel
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Molecular Systematics ◽  
Species Concept ◽  
Distinct Species ◽  
Species Level ◽  
Type Material ◽  
Type Specimens ◽  
Australian Species ◽  
Species Comparisons ◽  
Vegetative System

The first Australia-wide monograph of Amphiroa (Corallinaceae, Rhodophyta) based on the morphological–anatomical species concept has confirmed the occurrence of nine species (A. anceps, A. beauvoisii, A. crassa, A. exilis, A. foliacea, A. fragilissima, A. gracilis, A. klochkovana, A. tribulus) and provides a basis for future molecular-systematics studies. A comparative analysis of 285 specimens from 121 localities, along with type material examinations, yielded clear evidence that nine characters associated with the vegetative system and tetrasporangial conceptacles were diagnostically significant at species level. Detailed accounts of each species are presented, along with an identification key, data on type specimens, species comparisons and biogeographic notes. A. foliacea is epitypified. Brief accounts of 34 additional taxa reported from Australia and at some stage ascribed to Amphiroa are included. Galaxaura versicolor and Amphiroa galaxauroides are heterotypic synonyms of A. anceps; recognition of A. anastomosans, A. ephedraea and A. nobilis as distinct species requires further evaluation; and A. dilatata and A. gaillonii are species of uncertain status. Amphiroa ephedraea is lectotypified. The remaining 27 names involve nomina nuda, illegitimate names, orthographic variants or taxa now excluded from Amphiroa.

scholarly journals The Serological Cross-Detection of Bat-Borne Hantaviruses: A Valid Strategy or Taking Chances?

Viruses ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 1188
Author(s):  
Renata Carvalho de Oliveira ◽  
Jorlan Fernandes ◽  
Elba Regina de Sampaio Lemos ◽  
Fernando de Paiva Conte ◽  
Rodrigo Nunes Rodrigues-da-Silva
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
In Silico ◽  
Data Bank ◽  
Distinct Species ◽  
Geographic Range ◽  
Ab Initio Methods ◽  
Success Rates ◽  
B Cell Epitopes ◽  
Crystallographic Structures ◽  
A Minor

Bats are hosts of a range of viruses, and their great diversity and unique characteristics that distinguish them from all other mammals have been related to the maintenance, evolution, and dissemination of these pathogens. Recently, very divergent hantaviruses have been discovered in distinct species of bats worldwide, but their association with human disease remains unclear. Considering the low success rates of detecting hantavirus RNA in bat tissues and that to date no hantaviruses have been isolated from bat samples, immunodiagnostic tools could be very helpful to understand pathogenesis, epidemiology, and geographic range of bat-borne hantaviruses. In this sense, we aimed to identify in silico immunogenic B-cell epitopes present on bat-borne hantaviruses nucleoprotein (NP) and verify if they are conserved among them and other selected members of Mammantavirinae, using a combination of (the three most used) different prediction algorithms, ELLIPRO, Discotope 2.0, and PEPITO server. To support our data, we in silico modeled 3D structures of NPs from representative members of bat-borne hantaviruses, using comparative and ab initio methods due to the absence of crystallographic structures of studied proteins or similar models in the Protein Data Bank. Our analysis demonstrated the antigenic complexity of the bat-borne hantaviruses group, showing a low sequence conservation of epitopes among members of its own group and a minor conservation degree in comparison to Orthohantavirus, with a recognized importance to public health. Our data suggest that the use of recombinant rodent-borne hantavirus NPs to cross-detect antibodies against bat- or shrew-borne viruses could underestimate the real impact of this virus in nature.

scholarly journals Performance of Five Commercial Identification Platforms for Identification of Staphylococcus delphini

2019 ◽  
Vol 57 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew C. Canver ◽  
Tsigereda Tekle ◽  
Samantha T. Compton ◽  
Katrina Callan ◽  
Eileen M. Burd ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Distinct Species ◽  
Human Infection ◽  
Species Level ◽  
Accurate Identification ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Maldi Tof Ms ◽  
Maldi Tof ◽  
Staphylococcus Intermedius ◽  
Animal Pathogens ◽  
Tof Ms

ABSTRACT The Staphylococcus intermedius group (SIG) is a collection of coagulase-positive staphylococci consisting of four distinct species, namely, Staphylococcus cornubiensis, Staphylococcus delphini, Staphylococcus intermedius, and Staphylococcus pseudintermedius. SIG members are animal pathogens and rare causes of human infection. Accurate identification of S. pseudintermedius has important implications for interpretation of antimicrobial susceptibility testing data and may be important for other members of the group. Therefore, we sought to evaluate the performance of five commercially available identification platforms with 21 S. delphini isolates obtained from a variety of animal and geographic sources. Here, we show that automated biochemical platforms were unable to identify S. delphini to the species level, a function of its omission from their databases, but could identify isolates to the SIG level with various degrees of success. However, all automated systems misidentified at least one isolate as Staphylococcus aureus. One matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization–time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) system was able to identify S. delphini to the species level, suggesting that MALDI-TOF MS is the best option for distinguishing members of the SIG. With the exception of S. pseudintermedius, it is unclear if other SIG members should be routinely identified to the species level; however, as our understanding of their role in animal and human diseases increases, it may be necessary and important to do so.

Corrigendum to: Lamprothamnium in Australia (Characeae, Charophyceae)

2013 ◽  
Vol 26 (6) ◽  
pp. 475
Author(s):  
Michelle T. Casanova
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Species Level ◽  
Type Material ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Comprehensive Review ◽  
The Past

Charophytes in the genus Lamprothamnium exhibit a large amount of diversity, particularly in the examples from Australia, although little of that variation has been recognised at species level in the past. The Australian members of the genus are revised here on the basis of extensive new collections, examination of specimens in herbaria and comprehensive review of the literature and available type material. The existing species Lamprothamnium macropogon (A.Braun) Ophel, L. inflatum (Fil. & G.O.Allen ex Fil.) A.García & Karol and L. heraldii A.García & Casanova are retained, eight new species are described (L. australicum Casanova, L. beilbyae Casanova, L. capitatum Casanova, L. compactum Casanova, L. coorongense Casanova, L. diminutum Casanova, L. macroanthum Casanova and L. stipitatum Casanova) and two taxa variously treated at infraspecific rank in Lychnothamnus are transferred to Lamprothamnium at species rank (L. cockajemmyense Casanova, L. tasmanicum (A.Braun) Casanova). Neither L. papulosum (Wallr.) J.Groves nor L. succinctum (A.Braun) R.D.Wood are confirmed for Australia after examination of the type material of these species. Species are distinguished by the arrangement of the gametangia, morphology of the fertile whorls and characteristics of the oospores. Four of these species are dioecious and nine are monoecious, which supports published conjectures concerning the biogeography of charophyte species (Proctor (1980): J. Phycol. 16, 218–233, doi:10.1111/j.1529-8817.1980.tb03023.x).

A refined circumscription of Notobubon striatum and the resurrection of Dregea collina Ecklon & Zeyher (Apiaceae, Apioideae)

Phytotaxa ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 266 (1) ◽  
pp. 27 ◽  
Author(s):  
ANTHONY R. MAGEE ◽  
ODETTE E. CURTIS ◽  
B-E. VAN WYK
Keyword(s):  
Conservation Status ◽  
Leaf Size ◽  
Type Specimen ◽  
Distinct Species ◽  
Critically Endangered ◽  
Type Material ◽  
New Combination ◽  
Careful Examination ◽  
Field Surveys ◽  
Extensive Field

Extensive field surveys of the Critically Endangered Central and Eastern Rûens Shale Renosterveld have uncovered that Notobubon striatum, as currently circumscribed, comprises two distinct species. Upon careful examination of the type material it has become clear that names exist for both species. The type specimen of N. striatum clearly matches the lesser known species, a large shrub, ca. 1 m. tall, with a powerful anise-scent and which is restricted to the banks of seasonal rivers and watercourses in the Central and Eastern Rûens Shale Renosterveld. The second and better known entity, with a wider distribution, corresponds to the type material of Dregea collina Ecklon & Zeyher. As such, a new combination, Notobubon collinum (Ecklon & Zeyher) Magee, is here made to accommodate this taxon, restricted to dry quartz and silcrete patches or outcrops in Eastern Rûens Shale Renosterveld. In their revised circumscriptions N. striatum and N. collinum are readily distinguished by habit, scent, leaf size and division, as well as leaf lobe shape and sepal size. Comprehensive descriptions of both species are provided, together with notes on their ecology and conservation status, and the existing key to the species of Notobubon updated. This brings the number of recognised species in the genus to thirteen.

The identity of Equatobursa, with proposal of new genus and species level synonymies (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Heterogastridae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 4237 (2) ◽  
pp. 300
Author(s):  
CUIQING GAO ◽  
DÁVID RÉDEI
Keyword(s):  
New Genus ◽  
Species Level ◽  
Type Material ◽  
New Genus And Species

The identities of the genus Equatobursa Zou, 1985 and its single included species, E. nigra Zou, 1985 (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Lygaeoidea: Heterogastridae) are clarified based on the re-examination of the type material of the species. The following new subjective synonymies are proposed: Sadoletus Distant, 1903 = Equatobursa Zou, 1985, syn. nov.; Sadoletus izzardi Hidaka, 1959 = Equatobursa nigra Zou, 1985, syn. nov. 

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