Morphology of immature stages of Pyrearinus pumilus (Candèze, 1863 (Coleoptera: Elateridae: Pyrophorini): the click beetle responsible for the luminous canga caves in the state of Pará, Brazil

Zootaxa ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 4778 (3) ◽  
pp. 561-570
Author(s):  
SIMONE POLICENA ROSA ◽  
RAONE DOS REIS MARIANO ◽  
VADIM R. VIVIANI ◽  
CLEIDE COSTA
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Species Group ◽  
The State ◽  
Immature Stages ◽  
Termite Mounds ◽  
Click Beetles ◽  
Click Beetle ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Relationship Of

The Pyrearinus pumilus species group from South America includes luminescent click beetles (Agrypninae: Pyrophorini) associated with the phenomena of “luminescent termite mounds” and “luminous canga caves”. The latter was recently reported in the state of Pará, Brazil. This group includes six species based on the morphology of adults, of which two have immature stages already described. In this work we present the morphology and biological aspects of mature larva and pupa of Pyrearinus pumilus (Candèze, 1863), from the canga caves. Moreover, we provide a key and illustrations for identification of male adults and the known larvae. Our study shows that: (1) morphological characters of immatures support the close relationship of P. pumilus with their allies in the P. pumilus species group; (2) the traits of the known larvae of the P. pumilus species group are reliable for species identification. 

Relationship of Juvenile Diabetic Retinopathy with Thyropathies, Lipid Exchange and Melatonin Production

2021 ◽  
pp. 104-112
Author(s):  
O. V. Nedzvetska ◽  
L. A. Javtushenko ◽  
S. O. Chumak ◽  
O. V. Kuzmina de Gutarra ◽  
S. I. Turchina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Juvenile Diabetes ◽  
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone ◽  
The State ◽  
Daily Excretion ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Juvenile Diabetic ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Melatonin Production

Progression of diabetic retinopathy is associated with a large number of risk factors, and hyperlipidemia is one of the most common. The work is focused on peculiarities of the progression of juvenile diabetic retinopathy (JDR), depending on the presence of concomitant distyroidism in patients with juvenile diabetes mellitus (JDM), the state of lipid metabolism and melatonin production. The aim. To determine the features of the JDR progression depending on the type of concomitant dysthyroidism, the state of lipid metabolism and production of the hormone melatonin. Materials and methods. The examination of three groups of patients was carried out: group 1 (152 patients) included patients in whom JDM proceeded without thyropathy; group 2 (99 patients) included patients with JDM in combination with autoimmune thyroiditis (AIT); group 3 (111 patients) included patients in whom JDM was accompanied by an increased level of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH). Results. It was found that the frequency of proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) in the group with JCD and elevated TSH (21.6%) was 2.7 times higher than the frequency of PDR in the group with JDM and AIT (8.1%) and 3.7 times exceeded the frequency of PDD in JDM without distyroidism (5.9%). The greatest violations of all links of lipid metabolism were found in patients with JDM with an increased level of TSH, which contributes to a more pronounced progression of JDR than in patients without thyropathy or concomitant AIT. The average daily excretion of the hormone melatonin (M) among the studied groups was the lowest in patients with PDD with JCD in combination with increased TSH (38.4 ± 2.7 nmol/day) compared with patients with PDD with JCD without thyropathy (48.3 ± 3.8 nmol/day; p <0.01) and with AIT (42.5 ± 5.6 nmol/day; p <0.01), and compared with the control indicator (52.7 ± 5.8 nmol/day; p <0.001). Conclusions. Based on the results obtained it can be concluded that the combination of type 1 JDM with elevated TSH is accompanied by significant disorders of lipid metabolism and melatonin production and this is a risk factor for accelerated progression of JDR. Keywords: juvenile diabetic retinopathy, thyropathy, melatonin production, lipid metabolism.

scholarly journals Royal Patronage and Religious Tolerance The Formative Period of Gupta–Vākāṭaka Culture

2010 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 461-475 ◽  
Author(s):  
HANS BAKKER
Keyword(s):  
Formative Period ◽  
The State ◽  
Religious Movements ◽  
Religious Institutions ◽  
Religious Tolerance ◽  
Royal Court ◽  
Royal Patronage ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Temple

AbstractPatronage by the royal court of religious institutions and foundations is one of the hallmarks of the development of India under the rule of the Gupta and Vākāṭaka kings (4th–5th centuries). This patronage was extended also to religious movements other than the king's own persuasion. The evolving culture of religious tolerance and enthusiasm is apparent in the temple monuments of the time. In this article we focus on four archeological sites where these developments become best visible: Udayagiri, Māṇḍhaḷ, Rāmagiri (Ramtek), and Mansar. The close relationship of the Gupta and Vākāṭaka realms is investigated in its local settings. Renewed attention is given to the ‘Mandhal Inscription, Year 5’ of the Vākāṭaka king Rudrasena II and the deity on whose authority the charter was issued: Muṇḍasvāmin. It is argued that the name Muṇḍa refers to no one else than the Gupta queen of Rudrasena II, Prabhāvatī Guptā. During the last decade, excavations in Mansar (5 km west of Ramtek) have brought to light the state sanctuary of the youngest son of Prabhāvatī, Pravarasena II. The findings there are placed within the tradition that can be traced back, through Rāmagiri and Māṇḍhaḷ, to the religious foundations in Udayagiri.

Molecular systematics and phylogeography of the genus Echinops (Compositae, Cardueae–Echinopsinae): focus on the Iranian centre of diversification

Phytotaxa ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 297 (2) ◽  
pp. 101 ◽  
Author(s):  
SOMAYEH MONTAZEROLGHAEM ◽  
ALFONSO SUSANNA ◽  
JUAN ANTONIO CALLEJA ◽  
VALIOLLAH MOZAFFARIAN ◽  
MOHAMMAD REZA RAHIMINEJAD
Keyword(s):  
Eastern Mediterranean ◽  
Eastern Mediterranean Region ◽  
Taxonomic Status ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Molecular Dating ◽  
Ancestral Area ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Taxonomic Changes ◽  
High Level ◽  
Relationship Of

A molecular phylogeny of the genus Echinops (Asteraceae, Cardueae) based on plastid and nuclear markers is presented. The study focuses on the Iranian representatives of the genus, which constitute a larger part of Echinops. The Bayesian cpDNA tree resulted in a large polytomy. However, the Bayesian ITS tree displayed a well-resolved topology more compatible with the taxonomic treatment generally accepted in Echinops. An ITS network illustrates a close relationship of haplotypes. Mapping diagnostic morphological characters onto the ITS tree revealed a high level of homoplasy among the studied taxa. Except for the life cycle, all other morphological characters evolved many times among the clades and most of them appeared to be of low taxonomical value. Based on the nucleotide polymorphism and haplotypes, the taxonomic status of some taxa was evaluated. The independent status of E. sect. Phaeochaete was confirmed by molecular analyses and morphological characters. The paraphyletic nature of E. sect. Echinops was confirmed. As for the molecular dating, our results suggest that the genus evolved in the early Miocene but the main speciation events took place in the Pliocene-Pleistocene. The biogeographic results do not support any specific ancestral area for Echinops, yet the model states that its current diversity originated in the Irano-Turanian Region and the Eastern Mediterranean region. Some taxonomic changes are suggested, in the synonymy and placement of some taxa. 

The phylogeny of the Hydroporinae and classification of the genus Peschetius Guignot, 1942 (Coleoptera: Dytiscidae)

2006 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 257-279 ◽  
Author(s):  
William Wolfe ◽  
Kelly Miller ◽  
Olof Biström
Keyword(s):  
Cladistic Analysis ◽  
Sister Group ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractThe phylogeny of the Hydroporinae is investigated in a cladistic analysis emphasizing placement of the genus Peschetius Guignot, historically placed in the tribe Hydroporini. Sixty-nine adult and larval morphological characters were coded for 61 species of Hydroporinae representing eight of the nine tribes. Cladistic analysis of the data resulted in 396 most parsimonious cladograms (length = 176, CI = 46, RI = 80). The results indicate that the genus Peschetius is the sister group to the tribe Bidessini based mainly on an unambiguous character, the presence of a prominent internal spermathecal spine, and several other more ambiguous or homoplasious characters. The tribe Bidessini is expanded to include the genus Peschetius, and it is formally transferred from the tribe Hydroporini. Other results indicating interesting relationships of tribes and genera within Hydroporinae are also discussed. Results include; 1) a dramatically paraphyletic Hydroporini with Laccornellus Roughley and Wolfe, Canthyporus Zimmermann and Hydrocolus Roughley and Larson in basal positions within the phylogeny, 2) Hydrovatus Motschulsky and Queda Sharp resolved as sister groups and not closely related to Methlini van den Branden, 3) support for close relationship of Pachydrus Sharp (Pachydrini Biström, Nilsson and Wewalka) with Hyphydrini Sharp, 4) paraphyly of Hygrotus Stephens sensu lato with the relationship H. (Coelambus) Thomson + (Hygrotus sensus stricto + Hydrovatini)) suggesting recognition of Coelambus and Hygrotus as separate genera, 5) close relationship between the Australian genera of Hydroporini and Hyphydrini and 6) the nesting of Vatellini within a group of Hydroporini.

Taxonomy of Simulium guaporense Py-Daniel (Diptera: Simuliidae) from Brazil, with the first description of males and females

Zootaxa ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 1104 (1) ◽  
pp. 23
Author(s):  
NEUSA HAMADA ◽  
LUIS M. HERNANDEZ ◽  
SERGIO LUIZ BESSA LUZ
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Species Group ◽  
Type Locality ◽  
Immature Stages ◽  
Mato Grosso ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
First Time

We describe Simulium guaporense Py-Daniel adults and redescribe some morphological characters of its larvae and pupae based on specimens collected near the type locality in Rondônia State, Brazil. We report this species for the first time in Mato Grosso State. This species was placed originally in the S. siolii species group of the subgenus Psaroniocompsa; however, the thoracic pattern of the adults of S. guaporense is similar to that of species in the S. auristriatum species group. The immature stages were found on deciduous leaves and trailing vegetation in sandy-bottomed streams. Females were collected biting humans.

scholarly journals Phylogenetic analysis and systematic position of two new species of the ant genus Crematogaster (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) from Southeast Asia

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shingo Hosoishi ◽  
Kazuo Ogata
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
New Species ◽  
Divergence Time ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Systematic Position ◽  
Species Group ◽  
Morphological Evidence ◽  
Divergence Time Estimates ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic

Two distinct new species of the ant genus Crematogaster, C. khmerensis sp. nov. and C. pfeifferi sp. nov., are described from Cambodia and Malaysia, respectively. The two species are unique among Asian Crematogaster in that they have vertically directed propodeal spines, but their systematic positions have not been determined based on morphological characters alone. Molecular phylogenetic analysis of 89 Crematogaster taxon matrices previously published plus C. khmerensis sp. nov., using nuclear genes, reveals that C. khmerensis sp. nov. is nested within the Australo-Asian Crematogaster clade. Morphological assignment of the developed pronotal shoulders implies a close relationship between C. khmerensis sp. nov. and the C. tetracantha-group. Based on molecular and morphological evidence, we erect a new species group, C. khmerensis-group, to contain C. khmerensis sp. nov. and C. pfeifferi sp. nov. Divergence time estimates using MCMCTree shows that the root node of the C. khmerensis sp. nov. terminal is estimated to be of middle Miocene age at 15 million years old. The position of the C. khmerensis-group well supports the Oriental- to Australian-region dispersal history that has been proposed for the Australo-Asian Crematogaster clade.

scholarly journals State Defense Diplomacy In Chanakya Viewpoint (Study of Arthashastra Text as a Basis Strategy of Defense Diplomacy)

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 218
Author(s):  
Channarong Chati ◽  
Ni Nyoman Ayu Nikki Avalokitesvari ◽  
Ni Kadek Surpi
Keyword(s):  
The State ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Indian Text ◽  
State Defense ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Military

<p>State defense is a very important aspect in maintaining the existence and sovereignty of a country. Since ancient century Chanakya in a very famous treatise Arthasastra emphasized the importance of diplomacy and efforts to build up the strength of a country. This paper aims to examine the Arthasastra text as the basis of the Defense Diplomacy strategy. Indonesia adopted a Sanskrit slogan in the military world which indicated the close relationship of Indonesian defense and the treasury of Asian civilization with the influence of Indian text. Chanakya asserted, the state must build defense, ready to fight but can maintain peace. A country is deemed to be authoritative so that other countries either with a hostile tendency or as partners, will have high respect. Nevertheless, Arthasastra insists the supreme goal of a country is to build prosperity with defense and security as a prerequisite to build prosperity for a country.</p>

Systematic relevance of the pollen morphology for the Rondeletia complex (Cinchonoideae, Rubiaceae)

2020 ◽  
Vol 194 (3) ◽  
pp. 290-307
Author(s):  
Alejandro Torres-Montúfar ◽  
Elia Ramírez-Arriaga ◽  
Enrique Martínez-Hernández ◽  
Helga Ochoterena
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Pollen Morphology ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Palynological Data ◽  
Molecular Studies ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Scanning Electron

Abstract Seventeen morphologically related genera have been considered as the Rondeletia complex, traditionally in Rondeletieae. Molecular studies agree that this is a polyphyletic group and some genera have been transferred to Guettardeae. Nevertheless, no solid morphological characters support this hypothesis. Our aim is to explore pollen morphology to see if this source of characters has systematic value. Our study uses light and scanning electron microscopy for 30 species of both tribes representing 14 genera. The most important characters are polar outline, endoaperture type and nexine discontinuities. Our results do not permit diagnosis of tribes, but they show that the genera formerly included in the Rondeletia complex, but now placed in Guettardeae, have nexine discontinuities in polar areas: endofissures (Rogiera) or endocracks (Arachnothryx complex: Arachnothryx-Gonzalagunia-Javorkaea-Renistipula). Palynological data also confirm a close relationship of Rondeletia with Stevensia, corroborating their synonymy, and of Arachnothryx with Gonzalagunia-Javorkaea-Renistipula, providing evidence of their close relationship. We conclude that pollen is a useful source of characters for supporting main lineages, but further research is still necessary for other genera, including Blepharidium, Machaonia, Mazaea and additional Rondeletia spp.

Collections of Bruchomyiinae and Phlebotominae (Diptera: Psychodidae) from the north-central portion of the State of Veracruz, Mexico, with the description of a new species

Zootaxa ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 1270 (1) ◽  
pp. 19 ◽  
Author(s):  
SERGIO IBÁÑEZ-BERNAL ◽  
RUTH A. HERNÁNDEZ-XOLIOT ◽  
FREDY MENDOZA
Keyword(s):  
Central Area ◽  
First Record ◽  
Leishmania Species ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Species Group ◽  
The State ◽  
North Central ◽  
The North ◽  
Human Cutaneous Leishmaniasis ◽  
A New Species

An entomological survey was carried out in the municipalities of Juchique de Ferrer and Colipa in the north-central area of the State of Veracruz, Mexico, where some human cutaneous leishmaniasis cases have been recorded. These sampling efforts were undertaken to identify potential vectors of Leishmania species in that area. A total of 123 specimens were obtained, corresponding to one species of the Bruchomyiinae genus Nemapalpus Macquart, and six species of the Phlebotominae genus Lutzomyia França. Additional morphological characters of the poorly known male of Nemapalpus dampfianus Alexander and a description of Lutzomyia leohidalgoi sp. nov., based on male and female characteristics, are presented with illustrations. This is the first record from Veracruz of Nemapalpus dampfianus Alexander, Lutzomyia serrana (Damasceno & Arouck) (species group Verrucarum), Lutzomyia (Psathyromyia) cratifer (Fairchild & Hertig), and Lutzomyia (Helcocyrtomyia) oppidana (Dampf). Lutzomyia (Lutzomyia) cruciata (Coquillett) and L. (Psathyromyia) shannoni (Dyar) are anthropophilic species already known from Veracruz.

FACIAL AND DENTAL STATUS OF A HUMAN WITH CONNECTIVE TISSUE DYSPLASIA

2020 ◽  
pp. 95-99
Author(s):  
Korshunov A.S. ◽  
Konev V.P. ◽  
Vagner V.D. ◽  
Kuryatnikov K.N. ◽  
Skurikhina A.P. ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Connective Tissue ◽  
The State ◽  
Dental Status ◽  
Maxillofacial Region ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Comprehensive Examination ◽  
Scientific Fact ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Connective Tissue Dysplasia ◽  
Relationship Of

Objective. It is necessary to characterize the state of the dentoalveolar system in case of connective tissue dysplasia at different person's life age periods. Materials and methods. The study involved 200 people with odontogenic pathology. They were diagnosed with connective tissue dysplasia (CTD). All of examinated were divided into 2 equal groups with CTD and without CTD, each into 5 equal subgroups of 30 people, according to age: 15-20, 21-30, 31-40, 41-50, 51-60 years. A comprehensive assessment of CTD determination was carried out using diagnostic tables, including non-syndromic forms, in accordance with the total value (+17 or more) of diagnostic coefficients, calculated using the Kullback criteria. Results. The study of phenotypic, facial signs and dysplastic stigmas in the mouth at different ages with connective tissue dysplasia revealed a close relationship of facial, dental and odontological signs at 15-20, 21-30 years old. The most common dysplastic stigmas at a young age are malocclusion, violation of the teeth shape and position. This scientific fact can be explained by the phenomenon of doubt. Doubt is the accumulation of parents and the emergence of new dysplastic phenomena in the maxillofacial area. At the same time, the presented changes in the mouth indicate a violation of the harmony and architectonics of the dentoalveolar apparatus, associated with the general processes of ossification and development of organs and tissues of the mouth, which occur in combination with large stigmas. Conclusions. A comprehensive examination of the maxillofacial region in patients with connective tissue dysplasia revealed a wide variety of dysplastic changes at 15-20, 21-30 years old: curvature of the spine, arachnodactyly, gothic palate, violation of bite, shape and position of teeth, the presence of diastemas, in contrast from groups 31-40, 41-50, 51-60 years old, where these signs were found in single observations. Age-related variability of the studied morphometric and odontological parameters of teeth 3.8, 4.8, showed a pronounced variability at 15-20, 21-30 years with connective tissue dysplasia.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document