Restoration of two Carabidae (Coleoptera) species from the Sistema Ibérico Ranges (North-Central Iberian Peninsula): Nebria (Nebria) urbionensis Arribas, 1991 and Zabrus (Iberozabrus) cameranus Arribas, 1994, bonae species

Two endemic taxa of the Northern Iberian System have been rescued from synonymy using the study of external morphology by means of morphometric analysis and genital anatomy. The causes that possibly led to these two taxa erroneously being identified as synonyms are analysed in this research. In the case of Nebria (Nebria) urbionensis versus Nebria (Nebria) vuillefroyi, their confused relationship was caused by the handling of incorrectly labelled specimens and the subsequent interpolation of distribution areas, which led to overestimating the extent of N. (N.) vuillefroyi to the detriment of recognizing N. (N.) urbionensis as a valid species. According to the criterion that is defended in this work, both taxa are steno-endemic and, therefore, deserve protection due to their reduced habitats. The principle of authority applied by experts, based on an error, may, in this case, have been amplified and contributed to chronify the error. The second case under review is Zabrus (Iberozabrus) cameranus versus Zabrus (Iberozabrus) laurae, which in a recent study of genus Zabrus, were subjected to a totally unjustified synonymy. The origin of such a taxonomic decision must be sought in the concatenation of a series of errors: the number and origin of the specimens studied do not adequately justify the statements and conclusions expressed in the text, the use of a single character (internal sac of the aedeagus) while ignoring other morphological characters, an inadequate taxonomic praxis, and the elaboration of conclusions based on the lack of supposedly-derived characters (that is, relying on symplesiomorphies). All of this does not point towards an adequate reconstruction of the genus systematics. The uni- and multivariate biometric study, together with the morphological features that are contributed in this work (added to those already recognized initially for these species), allow to affirm that, although the taxa in discussion are nearby species and possibly sister taxa, they are perfectly valid: Nebria (Nebria) urbionensis stat. res.; Zabrus (Iberozabrus) cameranus stat. res. In addition to the morphological differences, both species diverge respectively from N. (N.) vuillefroyi and Z. (I.) laurae by 2% of the COI 1 gene sequence. The geographical ranges of Nebria (N.) urbionensis and Zabrus (I.) cameranus are confined to the Sistema Ibérico Septentrional, and are separated by the high Duero Valley from the ranges of N. (N.) vuillefroyi and Z. (I.) laurae, which are located in the Central System.

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On the taxonomic status of Eumicrotremus eggvinii Koefoed, 1956, Eumicrotremus phrynoides Gilbert et Burke, 1912 and Lethotremus muticus Gilbert, 1896 (Cyclopteridae, Cottoidei) in the light of data on the morphological variability of Eumicrotremus pacificus Schmidt, 1904

Proceedings of the Zoological Institute RAS ◽

10.31610/trudyzin/2019.323.4.533 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 323 (4) ◽

pp. 533-540

Author(s):

O.S. Voskoboinikova

Keyword(s):

Morphological Variability ◽

Taxonomic Status ◽

Morphological Characters ◽

Valid Species ◽

Complex Nature ◽

Seismosensory System ◽

Senior Synonym ◽

Males And Females ◽

Morphological Differences

A comparison was performed of the morphological variability of the spotted lumpsucker Eumicrotremus pacificus Schmidt, 1904, E. spinosus (Fabricius, 1776), whose synonymy recently included E. eggvinii Koefoed, 1956, and E. gyrinops sensu Stevenson et al., 2017, recently established as the senior synonym for E. phrynoides Gilbert et Burke, 1912 and Lethotremus muticus Gilbert, 1896. Based on a number of morphological differences between E. spinosus and E. eggvinii, corresponding to differences between young and spawning males E. pacificus, it was suggested that individuals E . eggvinii may be nesting males of E. spinosus. It was established that the range of variability of a number of morphological characters of E. gyrinops exceeds that of E. pacificus, which suggests its complex nature. Notable differences in the ratio of the size of the anterior and posterior nostrils, the size of the chin tubes of the seismosensory system and the shape of bone plaques between E. phrynoides and E. gyrinops indicate the validity of E. phrynoides. The absence of an external skeleton in both males and females of L. muticus, unlike other species of the genus Eumicrotremus, allows us to conclude that L. muticus is also a valid species.

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The identification of the species of the ‘Spilogona contractifrons species-group’ and the ‘Spilogona nitidicauda species-group’ (Diptera, Muscidae) based on morphological and molecular analysis

European Journal of Taxonomy ◽

10.5852/ejt.2018.484 ◽

2018 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Vera S. Sorokina ◽

Elena V. Shaikevich

Keyword(s):

Dna Sequences ◽

Morphological Characters ◽

Species Group ◽

Genetic Distances ◽

Valid Species ◽

Separate Species ◽

Cytochrome Oxidase I Gene ◽

Male Head ◽

Morphological Differences ◽

I Gene

Muscid species of the ‘Spilogona contractifrons species-group’ (Spilogona alticola (Malloch, 1920), S. arctica (Zetterstedt, 1838), S. contractifrons (Zetterstedt, 1838), S. orthosurstyla Xue & Tian, 1988) and of the ‘Spilogona nitidicauda species-group’ (S. nitidicauda (Schnabl, 1911), S. hissarensis Hennig, 1959, S. imitatrix (Malloch, 1921), S. platyfrons Sorokina, 2018) are notoriously difficult to distinguish. In this paper, their morphological features are analysed, images of the male head, frons and abdomen of all the species are given, and the male terminalia are figured. The study of extensive material has shown that all the morphologically recognised species in each of these groups are valid species. An identification key is provided for both groups of species. To confirm the morphological differences, genetic differences in the cytochrome oxidase I gene of flies of the ‘Spilogona contractifrons species-group’ and of the ‘Spilogona nitidicauda species-group’ were analysed. It is shown that members of both groups of species have not only distinguishing morphological characters but also fixed substitutions in the DNA sequences. Since a low interspecific polymorphism is known in the Muscidae Latreille, 1802, the revealed genetic distances confirm the existence of separate species or subspecies in each of the groups studied.

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A new species of Wyeomyia (Diptera: Culicidae) from Heliconia flower bracts in northern South America

Zootaxa ◽

10.11646/zootaxa.4999.6.2 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 4999 (6) ◽

pp. 534-552

Author(s):

PAULINO SIQUEIRA RIBEIRO ◽

MÁRCIO GALVÃO PAVAN ◽

MARCOS BARBOSA DA SILVA ◽

CLEBER GALVÃO ◽

RICARDO LOURENÇO-DE-OLIVEIRA ◽

...

Keyword(s):

New Species ◽

Gene Sequence ◽

Adult Life ◽

Morphological Characters ◽

Valid Species ◽

Life Stages ◽

Molecular Analyses ◽

Northern South America ◽

First Time ◽

A New Species

A new species of the genus Wyeomyia, Wyeomyia (Decamyia) anthica sp. n., is described based on morphological and molecular analyses and is illustrated in larval, pupal and adult life stages. Among the four valid species of the subgenus Decamyia, the new species is closest to Wy. ulocoma (Theobald, 1903), from which it can be distinguished by morphological characters of the male genitalia, larval and pupal stages, and mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase 1 gene sequence. Wyeomyia ulocoma is recorded from Brazil for the first time.

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Species-Specific Cuticular Phenotypes in Eutardigrada: A Morphometric Approach to Analyze the Variation of Star-Shaped Pores in Minibiotus Species

Diversity ◽

10.3390/d13070307 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (7) ◽

pp. 307

Author(s):

Alba Dueñas-Cedillo ◽

Jazmín García-Román ◽

Enrico Alejandro Ruiz ◽

Francisco Armendáriz-Toledano

Keyword(s):

Multivariate Analysis ◽

Morphometric Analysis ◽

Interspecific Variation ◽

Morphological Characters ◽

Morphological Differences ◽

Species Specific ◽

Range Of Variation ◽

Potential Use ◽

Shape And Size

The use and characterization of cuticular attributes for separation and description of species has been traditionally used in heterotardigrades; however, despite that eutardigrades show structures in the cuticle with this potential use, the intra and interspecific variation of these characters using multivariate analysis (e.g., PCA, CVA) had not been analyzed. In this present study, the shape and size of the star-shaped pores of four Minibiotus species were analyzed under univariate and multivariate morphometric analysis of six morphological characters. Our approach to evaluate the variation of pores indicate the presence of species-specific cuticular phenotypes among M. citlalium, M. constellatus, M. sidereus and M. pentannulatus. The morphological differences in these elements of sculpture allowed us to acknowledge their range of variation, as well as the identification of new potential characters o recognize these taxa, which are included in a taxonomic key to identify them together with M. eichhorni, M. pseudostellarus and M. vinciguerrae.

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A giant within Carpocorini (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Pentatomidae): Description of Adustonotus graziae sp. nov.

Zootaxa ◽

10.11646/zootaxa.4958.1.29 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 4958 (1) ◽

pp. 489-502

Author(s):

FILIPE MICHELS BIANCHI

Keyword(s):

Morphological Characters ◽

The Other ◽

Total Evidence ◽

Valid Species ◽

Phylogenetic Position ◽

New Taxon ◽

Large Size ◽

Internal Genitalia ◽

Evidence Analysis ◽

Heteroptera Pentatomidae

The Carpocorini are distributed worldwide, and it is one of the most speciose tribes within the Pentatomidae with 127 genera and more than 500 valid species. Recently, Adustonotus Bianchi was described to contain eight species formerly placed within Euschistus Dallas. Among them, Adustonotus grandis (Rolston) and Adustonotus latus (Dallas) are remarkable for their large size. Herein, the phylogenetic position of a new taxon is inferred by a total evidence analysis based on 85 morphological characters and four molecular markers. Adustonotus graziae sp. nov. is described, and is recovered in a polytomic lineage, including A. grandis and A. latus. These species share a solid combination of features that enable them to be separated from the other Adustonotus species (e.g., large size, the humeral angles spatulate and exceptionally produced, and the capsula seminalis shortened). Illustrations of external and internal genitalia, and a distributional map are provided.

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Complement to the knowledge of the Haploops species (Crustacea, Gammaridea, Ampeliscidae), with the description of two new species from North Atlantic Ocean. [Contribution to the knowledge of the Haploops genus. 10.]

Zootaxa ◽

10.11646/zootaxa.5048.2.1 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 5048 (2) ◽

pp. 151-175

Author(s):

R.A. KAIM-MALKA ◽

D. BELLAN-SANTINI ◽

J.C. DAUVIN

Keyword(s):

Atlantic Ocean ◽

North Atlantic ◽

North Atlantic Ocean ◽

Morphological Characters ◽

Valid Species ◽

Single Pair ◽

The North ◽

Two New Species ◽

The Status ◽

The North Atlantic

Two new Haploops species are described from the North Atlantic Ocean: a blind species Haploops faroensis spec. nov. and Haploops truncata spec. nov. with a single pair of corneal lenses. In addition, Haploops vallifera Stephensen 1925 and Haploops similis Stephensen 1925, are re-described and the status of Haploops spinosa Shoemaker 1931, is re-established as a valid species. A table is given of the 75 morphological characters of the studied species.

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Pupae of the Nearctic species of Culicoides Latreille subgenus Monoculicoides Khalaf (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae)

Zootaxa ◽

10.11646/zootaxa.4504.4.1 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 4504 (4) ◽

pp. 451

Author(s):

PHILLIP SHULTS ◽

ART BORKENT

Keyword(s):

Species Identification ◽

Morphological Characters ◽

Valid Species ◽

Biogeographic Region ◽

Nearctic Region

There are 160 valid species of Culicoides Latreille described from the Nearctic Region, but many are unknown as immatures or, although partially described, cannot be readily identified. We provide pupal diagnoses, descriptions, and a key to all seven known species of Culicoides subgenus Monoculicoides Khalaf occurring in the Nearctic biogeographic region. A diagnosis of several characters unique to this subgenus is provided to allow for the recognition of the included species from those of other subgeneric groupings. Microphotography of important morphological characters for both the key and descriptions are provided. This study highlights the usefulness of examining the pupae of Culicoides as a tool for species identification. The pupae of Culicoides grandensis Grogan & Phillips, C. occidentalis Wirth & Jones, and C. shemanchuki Grogan & Lysyk are newly described and those of C. riethi Kieffer, C. stigma (Meigen), and C. variipennis Wirth & Jones are redescribed in detail. The seventh species, C. sonorensis, was fully described recently.

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AN ANALYSIS OF INTERSPECIFIC AND INTRASPECIFIC MORPHOLOGICAL DIFFERENCES IN TWO CLOSELY RELATED SPECIES OF AMBLYSEIUS BERLESE USING METHODS OF NUMERICAL TAXONOMY (ACARINA: PHYTOSEHDAE)

The Canadian Entomologist ◽

10.4039/ent1091605-12 ◽

1977 ◽

Vol 109 (12) ◽

pp. 1605-1618 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

D.A. Chant ◽

R.I.C. Hansell ◽

H.J. Rowell

Keyword(s):

Host Plant ◽

Morphological Variation ◽

Related Species ◽

Numerical Taxonomy ◽

Valid Species ◽

Closely Related Species ◽

Multivariate Tests ◽

Taxonomic Methods ◽

Morphological Differences ◽

Intraspecific Morphological Variation

AbstractMorphological variation between two closely related species in the genus Amblyseius Berlese was examined by numerical taxonomic methods. Multivariate tests indicated that A. canadensis Chant and Hansell and A. novaescotiae (Chant) represent two separate and distinct morphological groups. This supports their taxonomic retention as valid species. Intraspecific morphological variation was also examined and found to be correlated with climatic and host plant variables.

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BIOSYSTEMATICS OF PISSODES GERMAR (COLEOPTERA: CURCULIONIDAE): SEASONALITY, MORPHOLOGY, AND SYNONYMY OF P. APPROXIMATUS HOPKINS AND P. NEMORENSIS GERMAR

The Canadian Entomologist ◽

10.4039/ent119465-5 ◽

1987 ◽

Vol 119 (5) ◽

pp. 465-480 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Thomas W. Phillips ◽

Stephen A. Teale ◽

Gerald N. Lanier

Keyword(s):

New York ◽

Morphological Characters ◽

Seasonal Activity ◽

Laboratory Studies ◽

Geographic Pattern ◽

Male And Female ◽

Body Dimensions ◽

Baited Traps ◽

Morphological Differences ◽

Subjective Synonym

AbstractPissodes approximatus Hopkins (1911) is a junior subjective synonym of P. nemorensis Germar (1824). The conspecificity of these entities, traditionally considered distinct based only on distribution and slight morphological differences, is corroborated here with comparative studies of ecology, behavior, and morphology. When pheromone-baited traps were deployed during the spring (May–June) and fall (November–December) in several localities to examine seasonal activity, southern populations (P. nemorensis sensu Hopkins) responded only in the fall and northern populations only in the spring, but a population in Virginia responded during both seasons. Laboratory studies found that individuals from five southern populations became reproductively mature under 16:8, 12:12, and 8:16 (L:D) photoperiods but weevils in a New York population did not mature under the 8:16 photoperiod. A two-species model based on strict seasonal isolation between northern and southern populations is rejected. Morphometrics revealed significant differences in six body dimensions and three morphometric ratios among 13 populations, but there was no geographic pattern of differences to suggest the existence of two species. Sexual dimorphism in rostrum length was most pronounced in southern populations but occurred in all five populations in which it was investigated. Examination of male and female genitalia revealed similar variation in northern and southern populations and conflicted with previously reported diagnostic differences. Our study and the results of earlier work lead us to conclude that the populations previously represented by the names P. nemorensis and P. approximatus comprise one widely distributed species and display intraspecific variation in life history and morphological characters.

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Taxonomic review of Colombian Parodon (Characiformes: Parodontidae), with descriptions of three new species

Neotropical Ichthyology ◽

10.1590/s1679-62252011000400003 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 9 (4) ◽

pp. 709-730 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Alejandro Londoño-Burbano ◽

César Román-Valencia ◽

Donald C. Taphorn

Keyword(s):

New Species ◽

River Basin ◽

Morphological Characters ◽

Valid Species ◽

Type Specimens ◽

River Drainage ◽

Distribution Maps ◽

Maracaibo Basin ◽

Three New Species ◽

Magdalena River

We review species of Parodon Valenciennes, 1850 from the Magdalena, Cauca, Orinoco, Amazonas, Atrato and Caribbean-Guajira River basins of Colombia using meristic and morphological characters. We recognize eight valid species, five previously described: P. apolinari Myers, from the Orinoco River basin; P. buckleyi Boulenger and P. pongoensis (Allen) from the upper Amazon; P. caliensis Boulenger, from the upper Cauca River drainage; and P. suborbitalis Valenciennes, from Lake Maracaibo basin. Three new species are described: P. alfonsoi, from the lower Magdalena River drainage; P. magdalenensis, from the middle Magdalena and upper Cauca River drainages; and P. atratoensis, from the Atrato River basin. We redescribe Parodon suborbitalis using type specimens and topotypes, and designate lectotypes. A taxonomic key is included for identification of the species, as well as geographic distribution maps.

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