Species-Specific Cuticular Phenotypes in Eutardigrada: A Morphometric Approach to Analyze the Variation of Star-Shaped Pores in Minibiotus Species

Diversity ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 307
Author(s):  
Alba Dueñas-Cedillo ◽  
Jazmín García-Román ◽  
Enrico Alejandro Ruiz ◽  
Francisco Armendáriz-Toledano
Keyword(s):  
Multivariate Analysis ◽  
Morphometric Analysis ◽  
Interspecific Variation ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Morphological Differences ◽  
Species Specific ◽  
Range Of Variation ◽  
Potential Use ◽  
Shape And Size

The use and characterization of cuticular attributes for separation and description of species has been traditionally used in heterotardigrades; however, despite that eutardigrades show structures in the cuticle with this potential use, the intra and interspecific variation of these characters using multivariate analysis (e.g., PCA, CVA) had not been analyzed. In this present study, the shape and size of the star-shaped pores of four Minibiotus species were analyzed under univariate and multivariate morphometric analysis of six morphological characters. Our approach to evaluate the variation of pores indicate the presence of species-specific cuticular phenotypes among M. citlalium, M. constellatus, M. sidereus and M. pentannulatus. The morphological differences in these elements of sculpture allowed us to acknowledge their range of variation, as well as the identification of new potential characters o recognize these taxa, which are included in a taxonomic key to identify them together with M. eichhorni, M. pseudostellarus and M. vinciguerrae.

scholarly journals A MULTIVARIATE MORPHOMETRIC ANALYSIS OF THE GENUS LOTUS L., 1753 (FABACEAE, LOTEAE) FROM EGYPT

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 509-533
Author(s):  
Ali Gaafar ◽  
◽  
Monier Abd El-Ghani ◽  
Azza El Hadidy ◽  
Ethar Hussein ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Morphometric Analysis ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Principal Coordinate Analysis ◽  
Herbarium Specimens ◽  
Analysis Techniques ◽  
Corolla Length ◽  
Phenetic Relationships ◽  
Species Specific ◽  
Pod Length

This study aims at examining and confirming the patterns of phenetic relationships and the levels of variations within and among the species of Lotus L., 1753 in Egypt by using morphometric analysis techniques. We have evaluated 24 morphological characters from about 300 herbarium specimens representing 19 species of Lotus that are currently recognized. Based on numerical analyses of macromorphological characters (cluster analysis, principal coordinate analysis and principal component analysis), 19 species of Lotus were recognized from Egypt. These species were clustered in six species-specific groups: (I) Lotus halophilus Boiss. & Spruner, L. angustissimus L., L. glinoides Delile and L. schimperi Steud. ex Boiss., (II) Lotus glaber Mill. and L. palustris Willd., (III) Lotus polyphyllos E.D. Clarke, L. creticus L. and L. cytisoides L., (IV) Lotus gebelia Vent., L. lanuginosus Vent. and L. arenarius Brot., (V) Lotus edulis L., L. tetragonolobus L. and L. conjugatus L. and (VI) Lotus ornithopodioides L., L. peregrinus L., L. arabicus L. and L. hebranicus Hochst. ex Brand. As a result of this study, we proposed that some characters, not previously examined in detail, showed significant characters in species delimitation: pod length, seed dimensions, features of upper and lower leaflets, calyx, length of corolla, length of style, numbers of flowers and ovules.

scholarly journals Taxonomical revision of the genus Hypseocharis in Peru and Bolivia

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 383-394
Author(s):  
Sissi Lozada-Gobilard ◽  
Sergio Avila-Calero ◽  
Teresa Ortuno ◽  
Maximilian Weigend
Keyword(s):  
Multivariate Analysis ◽  
Morphometric Analysis ◽  
Morphological Diversity ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Terminal Leaflet ◽  
Herbarium Specimens ◽  
Polymorphic Species ◽  
Yellow Orange ◽  
Taxonomical Revision ◽  
La Rioja

In the present study we revised the genus Hypseocharis in Bolivia and Peru. A total number of 105 herbarium specimens were revised to evaluate the morphological diversity across the range of the genus. In a subset of 24 complete individuals a multivariate morphometric analysis was performed to evaluate the morphological characters historically used to differentiate the “species” of the genus Hypseocharis. A revision of the herbarium material indicated that there are no sharp lines dividing the different “species” with the only exception of H. tridentata. The multivariate analysis indicated that H. bilobata, H. malpasensis and H. pedicularifolia all occupy the same morphospace as H. pimpinellifolia and there are no individual morphological characters or suites of characters permitting the differentiation of distinct taxa. This confirms earlier findings from Argentina: There are only two species in the genus, widespread Hypseocharis pimpinellifolia and H. tridentata. Hypseocharis pilgeri, originally described from Peru, can also not be differentiated from H. pimpinellifolia. We propose the recognition of only two species: H. pimpinellifolia with variously pinnate to bipinnate leaves with a terminal leaflet at most marginally larger than the lateral ones, flowers with 15 anthers and capsular fruits as differing from H. tridentata with pinnate leaves with the terminal leaflet much larger than the lateral ones, flowers with 5 anthers and schizocarpic fruits. Hypseocharis pimpinellifolia is a widespread and polymorphic species, ranging from Ancash (Peru) to La Rioja (Argentina) and comprises forms with white, yellow, orange, and red corollas and with simply pinnate to very finely bipinnate leaves.

Restoration of two Carabidae (Coleoptera) species from the Sistema Ibérico Ranges (North-Central Iberian Peninsula): Nebria (Nebria) urbionensis Arribas, 1991 and Zabrus (Iberozabrus) cameranus Arribas, 1994, bonae species

Zootaxa ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 4845 (3) ◽  
pp. 331-356
Author(s):  
VICENTE M. ORTUÑO ◽  
OSCAR ARRIBAS
Keyword(s):  
Iberian Peninsula ◽  
Morphometric Analysis ◽  
Gene Sequence ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Valid Species ◽  
Central System ◽  
North Central ◽  
Single Character ◽  
Taxonomic Decision ◽  
Morphological Differences

Two endemic taxa of the Northern Iberian System have been rescued from synonymy using the study of external morphology by means of morphometric analysis and genital anatomy. The causes that possibly led to these two taxa erroneously being identified as synonyms are analysed in this research. In the case of Nebria (Nebria) urbionensis versus Nebria (Nebria) vuillefroyi, their confused relationship was caused by the handling of incorrectly labelled specimens and the subsequent interpolation of distribution areas, which led to overestimating the extent of N. (N.) vuillefroyi to the detriment of recognizing N. (N.) urbionensis as a valid species. According to the criterion that is defended in this work, both taxa are steno-endemic and, therefore, deserve protection due to their reduced habitats. The principle of authority applied by experts, based on an error, may, in this case, have been amplified and contributed to chronify the error.                The second case under review is Zabrus (Iberozabrus) cameranus versus Zabrus (Iberozabrus) laurae, which in a recent study of genus Zabrus, were subjected to a totally unjustified synonymy. The origin of such a taxonomic decision must be sought in the concatenation of a series of errors: the number and origin of the specimens studied do not adequately justify the statements and conclusions expressed in the text, the use of a single character (internal sac of the aedeagus) while ignoring other morphological characters, an inadequate taxonomic praxis, and the elaboration of conclusions based on the lack of supposedly-derived characters (that is, relying on symplesiomorphies). All of this does not point towards an adequate reconstruction of the genus systematics.                The uni- and multivariate biometric study, together with the morphological features that are contributed in this work (added to those already recognized initially for these species), allow to affirm that, although the taxa in discussion are nearby species and possibly sister taxa, they are perfectly valid: Nebria (Nebria) urbionensis stat. res.; Zabrus (Iberozabrus) cameranus stat. res. In addition to the morphological differences, both species diverge respectively from N. (N.) vuillefroyi and Z. (I.) laurae by 2% of the COI 1 gene sequence. The geographical ranges of Nebria (N.) urbionensis and Zabrus (I.) cameranus are confined to the Sistema Ibérico Septentrional, and are separated by the high Duero Valley from the ranges of N. (N.) vuillefroyi and Z. (I.) laurae, which are located in the Central System. 

scholarly journals Characterization of the Major Antigenic Protein 2 of Ehrlichia canis and Ehrlichia chaffeensis and Its Application for Serodiagnosis of Ehrlichiosis

2003 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 520-524 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tamece T. Knowles ◽  
A. Rick Alleman ◽  
Heather L. Sorenson ◽  
David C. Marciano ◽  
Edward B. Breitschwerdt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blot Analysis ◽  
Single Copy ◽  
Ehrlichia Canis ◽  
Specific Method ◽  
Ehrlichia Chaffeensis ◽  
Antigenic Protein ◽  
Canine Monocytic Ehrlichiosis ◽  
Copy Gene ◽  
Species Specific

ABSTRACT Canine monocytic ehrlichiosis, caused by Ehrlichia canis or Ehrlichia chaffeensis, can result in clinical disease in naturally infected animals. Coinfections with these agents may be common in certain areas of endemicity. Currently, a species-specific method for serological diagnosis of monocytic ehrlichiosis is not available. Previously, we developed two indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) using the major antigenic protein 2 (MAP2) of E. chaffeensis and E. canis. In this study, we further characterized the conservation of MAP2 among various geographic isolates of each organism and determined if the recombinant MAP2 (rMAP2) of E. chaffeensis would cross-react with E. canis-infected dog sera. Genomic Southern blot analysis using digoxigenin-labeled species-specific probes suggested that map2 is a single-copy gene in both Ehrlichia species. Sequences of the single map2 genes of seven geographically different isolates of E. chaffeensis and five isolates of E. canis are highly conserved among the various isolates of each respective ehrlichial species. ELISA and Western blot analysis confirmed that the E. chaffeensis rMAP2 failed to serologically differentiate between E. canis and E. chaffeensis infections.

Characterization of trypanosome isolates from cattle in Uganda using species-specific DNA probes reveals predominance of mixed infections

1990 ◽  
Vol 11 (03) ◽  
pp. 271-280
Author(s):  
J. H. P. Nyeko ◽  
O. K. Ole-Moiyoi ◽  
P. A. O. Majiwa ◽  
L. H. Otieno ◽  
P. M. Ociba
Keyword(s):  
Dna Probes ◽  
Mixed Infections ◽  
Species Specific

Bark characterization of a commercial Eucalyptus urophylla hybrid clone in view of its potential use as a biorefinery raw material

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caroline J. Sartori ◽  
Graciene S. Mota ◽  
Fábio Akira Mori ◽  
Isabel Miranda ◽  
Teresa Quilhó ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Raw Material ◽  
Hybrid Clone ◽  
Eucalyptus Urophylla ◽  
Potential Use

scholarly journals Incidence and characterisation of Bacillus cereus bacteriophages from Thua Nao, a Thai fermented soybean product

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-93
Author(s):  
Wallapat Phongtang ◽  
Ekachai Chukeatirote
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Cereus ◽  
Food Industry ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Morphological Analysis ◽  
Food Poisoning ◽  
Fermented Soybean ◽  
Foodborne Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Ph Range ◽  
Potential Use

Abstract Bacillus cereus is considered to be an important food poisoning agent causing diarrhea and vomiting. In this study, the occurrence of B. cereus bacteriophages in Thai fermented soybean products (Thua Nao) was studied using five B. cereus sensu lato indicator strains (four B. cereus strains and one B. thuringiensis strain). In a total of 26 Thua Nao samples, there were only two bacteriophages namely BaceFT01 and BaceCM02 exhibiting lytic activity against B. cereus. Morphological analysis revealed that these two bacteriophages belonged to the Myoviridae. Both phages were specific to B. cereus and not able to lyse other tested bacteria including B. licheniformis and B. subtilis. The two phages were able to survive in a pH range between 5 and 12. However, both phages were inactive either by treatment of 50°C for 2 h or exposure of UV for 2 h. It should be noted that both phages were chloroform-insensitive, however. This is the first report describing the presence of bacteriophages in Thua Nao products. The characterization of these two phages is expected to be useful in the food industry for an alternative strategy including the potential use of the phages as a biocontrol candidate against foodborne pathogenic bacteria.

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