A checklist of Indonesian scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha)

Zootaxa ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 5016 (2) ◽  
pp. 151-195
Author(s):  
AGUSTIN ZARKANI ◽  
DWINARDI APRIYANTO ◽  
FERIT TURANLI ◽  
CANSU ERCAN ◽  
MEHMET BORA KAYDAN
Keyword(s):  
Scale Insect ◽  
The Other ◽  
Scale Insects ◽  
Herbaceous Plants ◽  
The Family ◽  
Complete Study ◽  
Insect Group

Scale insects (Hemiptera: Sternorryncha: Coccomorpha) are a very important insect group containing numerous pests of woody and herbaceous plants worldwide. The only complete study of any scale insects in Indonesia was by D.J. Williams on the mealybugs (Pseudococcidae sensu lato), published in 2004; the other scale insect families have only been documented in various small publications. Here we provide a complete checklist of the scale insects of Indonesia, which now contains 364 species belonging to 136 genera in 16 families. The family Diaspididae is the most diverse, with 158 species belonging to 44 genera, followed by Pseudococcidae with 105 species belonging to 32 genera, and Coccidae with 65 species belonging to 22 genera. The other families are, in order of size: Monophlebidae (26 species belonging to 9 genera), Rhizoecidae (12 species belonging to 4 genera), Asterolecaniidae (11 species belonging to 5 genera), Leconodiaspidae (7 species belonging to 3 genera), Cerococcidae (5 species belonging to 3 genera), Xenococcidae (5 species belonging to 2 genera), Ortheziidae (4 species belonging to 3 genera), Eriococcidae (4 species belonging to 2 genera), Aclerdidae (2 species belonging to 1 genus), and Kermesidae (1 species belonging to 1 genus).  

scholarly journals Non-indigenous scale insects on ornamental plants in Bulgaria and China: A survey

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 114 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Trencheva ◽  
G. Trenchev ◽  
R. Tomov ◽  
S.-A. Wu
Keyword(s):  
Host Plants ◽  
Ornamental Plants ◽  
Scale Insect ◽  
Scale Insects ◽  
Insect Species ◽  
First Report ◽  
The Family

A preliminary list of non-indigenous scale insect species on ornamental plants in Bulgaria and China is presented. The sampling was done between April and November, 2009, in the framework of the project “Invasive scale insects on ornamental plants in Bulgaria and China”. The insects were collected in nurseries, parks, gardens, botanical collections and greenhouses. Representatives from four families have been identified in Bulgaria, the most numerous of which are the Diaspididae (eight species), Coccidae (four species), Pseudococcidae (two species) and Margarodidae (one species). Three species of non-indigenous scale insects associated with ornamental plants were collected in China, all belonging to the family Pseudococcidae. A list of alien scale insect species on ornamental plants is given, including the sampling sites, host plants on which they were found, origin and first report in both countries.

scholarly journals New scale insects (Homoptera: Coccinea) from the Cape Floristic Region

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ilya A. Gavrilov-Zimin ◽  
Philipp E. Chetverikov
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Scale Insect ◽  
Cape Floristic Region ◽  
Scale Insects ◽  
Insect Species ◽  
Western Cape ◽  
Western Cape Province ◽  
The Family

Three new scale insect species, Coccidohystrix daedalea Gavrilov-Zimin sp. nov., Mirococcopsis ptilura Gavrilov-Zimin sp. nov. (both from the family Pseudococcidae) and Cryptinglisia millari Gavrilov-Zimin sp. nov. (family Coccidae), are described and illustrated from the Western Cape Province of South Africa.

scholarly journals Arménienkarmir, sogdienkrmʾyret hébreukarmīl« rouge »

2016 ◽  
Vol 79 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agnes Korn
Keyword(s):  
Scale Insect ◽  
The Other ◽  
Scale Insects ◽  
Considerable Distance ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Indian Origin ◽  
Colour Term ◽  
Middle Persian ◽  
Red Dye

AbstractArmeniankarmir“red” has often been considered as deriving from East Iranian, thus speaking in favour of relations between Armenian and Sogdian, a Middle Iranian language spoken at considerable distance from Armenia. For the origin of Hebrewkarmīl, on the other hand, a Middle Persian “karmīr” has been suggested. In either case, the etymology would be Proto-Indo-European*ku̯ṛ́mi-“worm” (be it directly or as a borrowing from Sanskritkṛ́mi-) from which the colour term would be derived in a way parallel to Frenchvermeil“scarlet” fromver“worm”, thus a term referring to a red dye obtained from scale insects (cochineals). I argue thatkarmīris not a Middle Persian word for “red”, that Sogdian is unlikely to be the source of the Armenian and Hebrew words, and that an Indian origin is not probable either because of the specific features of the Indian scale insect dye. Conversely, Armenian scarlet was widely known and appreciated already in antiquity, so that, for historical as well as linguistic reasons, the origin of the word is likely to be an Iranian language within the region where Armenian was spoken.

scholarly journals Novel chlamydiae in whiteflies and scale insects: endosymbionts ‘Candidatus Fritschea bemisiae’ strain Falk and ‘Candidatus Fritschea eriococci’ strain Elm

2005 ◽  
Vol 55 (4) ◽  
pp. 1581-1587 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karin D. E. Everett ◽  
MyLo Thao ◽  
Matthias Horn ◽  
Glen E. Dyszynski ◽  
Paul Baumann
Keyword(s):  
Dna Analysis ◽  
Scale Insect ◽  
Gene Signature ◽  
Scale Insects ◽  
Economic Damage ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Bemisia Argentifolii ◽  
Plant Feeding ◽  
The Family ◽  
Signature Sequences

Bacteria called ‘Fritschea’ are endosymbionts of the plant-feeding whitefly Bemisia tabaci and scale insect Eriococcus spurius. In the gut of B. tabaci, these bacteria live within bacteriocyte cells that are transmitted directly from the parent to oocytes. Whiteflies cause serious economic damage to many agricultural crops; B. tabaci fecundity and host range are less than those of Bemisia argentifolii, possibly due to the presence of this endosymbiont. The B. tabaci endosymbiont has been characterized using electron microscopy and DNA analysis but has not been isolated or propagated outside of insects. The present study compared sequences for 11 endosymbiont genes to genomic data for chlamydial families Parachlamydiaceae, Chlamydiaceae and Simkaniaceae and to 16S rRNA gene signature sequences from 330 chlamydiae. We concluded that it was appropriate to propose ‘Candidatus Fritschea bemisiae’ strain Falk and ‘Candidatus Fritschea eriococci’ strain Elm as members of the family Simkaniaceae in the Chlamydiales.

Ontogenesis, morphology and higher classification of archaeococcids (Homoptera: Coccinea: Orthezioidea)

2018 ◽  
pp. 1-260
Author(s):  
I.A. Gavrilov-Zimin
Keyword(s):  
Scale Insect ◽  
Life Cycles ◽  
Individual Development ◽  
Scale Insects ◽  
Original Research ◽  
Traditional Concept ◽  
The Family ◽  
Generic Composition ◽  
Reproduction Pattern

The monograph summarizes original research data and published literature data on reproduction, life cycles, individual development and morphology of scale insects of the superfamily Orthezioidea (archaeococcids). The superfamily system is accepted mainly in its traditional concept, i.e. with four well-defined families: Margarodidae s. l., Ortheziidae, Carayonemidae, and Phenacoleachiidae. The tribe Matsucoccini (Margarodidae s. l.: Xylococcinae s. l.) is considered as a most archaic group of scale insects according to morphological, reproductive and ontogenetic characters. A complicated ontogenesis with an alternation of movable/immovable instars and with arostrate imago of both sexes (as in Matsucoccus Cockerell, 1909 and many other Margarodidae s. l.) is presumed to be initial in scale insect evolution and such ontogenesis is supposed to be an apomorphy of suborder Coccinea. Distribution of different variants of ovoviviparity/viviparity amongst scale insect families is overviewed. It is demonstrated that the evolution of scale insects shows multiple cyclic conversions of oviparous reproduction pattern to ovoviviparous/viviparous ones with the appearance of new and new peculiar adaptations to eggs protection; the most ancient scale insects (Matsucoccini and their ancestor) were probably facultatively ovoviviparous, whereas the origin of the whole neococcid phylogenetic line (Coccoidea s. s.) was probably connected with obligate complete ovoviviparity, which also appeared in some “derived” archaeococcids of the tribe Iceryini (Margarodidae s. l.), in the families Phenacoleachiidae and Carayonemidae. New taxonomic additions and changes in generic composition of some tribes are provided for the family Margarodidae s. l., in its subfamilies Monophlebinae and Callipappinae s. l. The tribe Labioproctini tr. nov. (Monophlebinae) is erected for six genera possessing peculiar quadrilocular wax pores: Aspidoproctus Newstead, 1901, Hemaspidoproctus Morrison, 1927, Labioproctus Green, 1922, Lecaniodrosicha Takahashi, 1930, Misracoccus Rao, 1950, and Walkeriana Signoret, 1876. The presence of quadrilocular pores are considered as a synapomorphic character of the Labioproctini tr. nov. and Ortheziidae. Disputable taxonomic position of Xenococcidae Tang, 1992 is discussed and this family is also placed in Orthezioidea. New genera and species are described and illustrated, based mainly on material collected in the Oriental region: Eremostoma klugei gen. et sp. nov., Crambostoma largecicatricosum gen. et sp. nov. (both in Callipappinae s. l.: Coelostomidiini s. l.), Buchnericoccus reynei sp. nov., Monophlebus neglectus sp. nov. (both in Monophlebinae: Monophlebini), Crypticerya ovivivipara sp. nov., Icerya oculicicatricata sp. nov., I. siamensis sp. nov. (all three in Monophlebinae: Iceryini).

scholarly journals Lamentation of Ibn Al-Rumi to Abu Al-Husain Yahiya Bin Umar Bin Al Hussein Bin Zaid Bin Ali(May Allah be pleased with him)

2018 ◽  
pp. 95-118
Author(s):  
Dr. Sera Tarek Kamal
Keyword(s):  
Human Life ◽  
Life Time ◽  
The Other ◽  
The Family ◽  
Standing Up ◽  
The Status ◽  
Complete Study ◽  
The One ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Impact

    Lamentations have formed an important theme throughout the successive periods of Arab poetry, especially the Abbasid period, for the multifaceted and humanistic aspects of this original poetic purpose, on the one hand, and because it transcends merely a positive emotional attitude of the elusive and negative people and life on the other. It is also worthy of research and guidance, and it is important to know the importance of human life and its causes. And its poets deserve attention . It was "the son of Rumi" who lived a life filled with oppression and injustice, one of the most prominent poets of this purpose and notify it, and seems to be overlooked as much as the poet and value this was motivated by the Astitharh carefully study a range of modern researchers, led by "Akkad" who Straighten him a complete study titled " son Abrome his life from his hair, "Abdul Hamid good in his study" Ibn Al-Rumi spelling "and other studies that have tried to explore this Mknunat felt Ahaaraly technical and substantive levels. With regard to the purpose of lamentation, the scholars unanimously agreed on the distinction of Ibn al-Rumi in it, and enabled him to know his data, especially the technical ones, but what is taken on these studies interest in certain poems other than the poet in this regard, especially those inherited by his children without paying attention to other poems The poet sang in religious and social figures that had an impact on changing the behavior of the society by diagnosing its shortcomings and standing up against the oppression and oppression practiced by the ruling authority against some of them, especially the "students" who suffered from the marginalization and persecution of power. and supporter of the family of Ali bin AbiTalib ( The poet of the poems, which included the heat of the passion and honesty, and the high level of artistic which provided the poet these characters, especially their hero, "Hussein bin Yahiya ibn Umar bin Zaid bin Ali" In this regard, because it included the sincerity of emotion, and creativity in the embodiment of poetic images coated with verbal templates, the poet's keenness to choose the most beautiful and plush; to fit the status of the lure and the end of the greatness he chose for himself, not a monk in a moral unit that the impact in the poem that included beyond One hundred percent, the visions of the Poet were gathered Life, time, alarm, and patience, which we tried to study, taking the technical and social approaches to uncover the meanings of the poem artistically and objectively    .

scholarly journals The Inventory of Scale Insects (Hemiptera, Coccoidea) Associated With Olive Tree in North of Tunisia

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naceur gharbi
Keyword(s):  
Olive Tree ◽  
Scale Insect ◽  
Scale Insects ◽  
Insect Species ◽  
Annotated List ◽  
The Family ◽  
Olive Groves ◽  
First Time

Abstract Background: This study was realized for more than four years (from 2014 to 2018) in olive groves of northern Tunisian governorates. Scale insect samples were collected from leaves, stems and fruits.Results: An annotated list of 22 scale insect species has been recorded. These species divided into 4 families. The family Diaspididae is the most species-rich, with 14 species in 9 genera; Coccidae contains 4 species in 3 genera; Pseudococcidae contains 3 species in 3 genera; and Asterolecaniidae contains 1 species in 1 genus.Conclusions: This paper contains 3 species recorded for the first time in the Tunisian fauna: Saissetia coffeae (Walker), Diaspidiotus ostreaeformis (Curtis) and Lepidosaphes conchiformis (Gmelin).

scholarly journals Lamentation of Ibn Al-Rumi to Abu Al-Husain Yahiya Bin Umar Bin Al Hussein Bin Zaid Bin Ali(May Allah be pleased with him)

2018 ◽  
Vol 226 (1) ◽  
pp. 95-118
Author(s):  
Dr. Sera Tarek Kamal
Keyword(s):  
Human Life ◽  
Life Time ◽  
The Other ◽  
The Family ◽  
Standing Up ◽  
The Status ◽  
Complete Study ◽  
The One ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Impact

    Lamentations have formed an important theme throughout the successive periods of Arab poetry, especially the Abbasid period, for the multifaceted and humanistic aspects of this original poetic purpose, on the one hand, and because it transcends merely a positive emotional attitude of the elusive and negative people and life on the other. It is also worthy of research and guidance, and it is important to know the importance of human life and its causes. And its poets deserve attention . It was "the son of Rumi" who lived a life filled with oppression and injustice, one of the most prominent poets of this purpose and notify it, and seems to be overlooked as much as the poet and value this was motivated by the Astitharh carefully study a range of modern researchers, led by "Akkad" who Straighten him a complete study titled " son Abrome his life from his hair, "Abdul Hamid good in his study" Ibn Al-Rumi spelling "and other studies that have tried to explore this Mknunat felt Ahaaraly technical and substantive levels. With regard to the purpose of lamentation, the scholars unanimously agreed on the distinction of Ibn al-Rumi in it, and enabled him to know his data, especially the technical ones, but what is taken on these studies interest in certain poems other than the poet in this regard, especially those inherited by his children without paying attention to other poems The poet sang in religious and social figures that had an impact on changing the behavior of the society by diagnosing its shortcomings and standing up against the oppression and oppression practiced by the ruling authority against some of them, especially the "students" who suffered from the marginalization and persecution of power. and supporter of the family of Ali bin AbiTalib ( The poet of the poems, which included the heat of the passion and honesty, and the high level of artistic which provided the poet these characters, especially their hero, "Hussein bin Yahiya ibn Umar bin Zaid bin Ali" In this regard, because it included the sincerity of emotion, and creativity in the embodiment of poetic images coated with verbal templates, the poet's keenness to choose the most beautiful and plush; to fit the status of the lure and the end of the greatness he chose for himself, not a monk in a moral unit that the impact in the poem that included beyond One hundred percent, the visions of the Poet were gathered Life, time, alarm, and patience, which we tried to study, taking the technical and social approaches to uncover the meanings of the poem artistically and objectively    .

Problems of Marriage and Self Surrender in The Novels of Shashi Deshpande

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
pp. 18
Author(s):  
Dr. Indu Goyal
Keyword(s):  
Middle Class ◽  
The Other ◽  
Important Thing ◽  
Female Protagonists ◽  
Central Concern ◽  
Modern Age ◽  
The Family ◽  
Traditional Marriage ◽  
Shashi Deshpande ◽  
Middle Class People

Marriage is an important thing in the life of a woman. The importance that our society attaches to marriage is reflected in our literature and it is the central concern of Shashi Deshpade’s novels. In our society where girl learns early that she is ‘Paraya Dhan’, and she is her parents’ responsibility till the day she is handed over to her rightful owners. What a girl makes of her life, how she shapes herself as an individual, what profession she takes up is not as important as whom she marries. Marriage is the ultimate goal of a woman’s life. This paper attempts to probe into the problems of marriage through the protagonists of her novels where one enjoys the freedom of marriage and the other accepts the traditional marriage. Shashi Deshpade highlights the problems of marriage faced by middle-class people in finding suitable grooms for their daughters. This problem is well-illustrated through the characters of her novels. Since the girl’s mind over her childhood is tuned that she is another’s property, she tries to attach a lot of importance to it. it is indeed a tragedy that even in the modern age, Indian females echo the same sentiment where it was marriage which mattered most of them but not to the men. It is a beginning of females sacrifices in life that marriage brings to her. Shashi Deshpande encourages her female protagonists to rise in rebellion against the males in the family matters, instead she wants to build a harmonious relationship between man and woman in a mood of compromise and reconciliation.  

On Commutation Properties of the Composition Relation of Convergent and Divergent Permutations (Part I)

2014 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-22
Author(s):  
Roman Wituła ◽  
Edyta Hetmaniok ◽  
Damian Słota
Keyword(s):  
Finite Order ◽  
Convergent Series ◽  
The Other ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The Family ◽  
Composition Relation ◽  
The Continuum

Abstract In the paper we present the selected properties of composition relation of the convergent and divergent permutations connected with commutation. We note that a permutation on ℕ is called the convergent permutation if for each convergent series ∑an of real terms, the p-rearranged series ∑ap(n) is also convergent. All the other permutations on ℕ are called the divergent permutations. We have proven, among others, that, for many permutations p on ℕ, the family of divergent permutations q on ℕ commuting with p possesses cardinality of the continuum. For example, the permutations p on ℕ having finite order possess this property. On the other hand, an example of a convergent permutation which commutes only with some convergent permutations is also presented.

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