scholarly journals Zinc Utilization and Associated Factors Among Under-five Children Having Acute Diarrhea in Kebri-dehar Town, Somali Region, Ethiopia-2017

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 15
Author(s):  
Ebud Ayele ◽  
Hagos Tasew ◽  
Teklewoini Mariye ◽  
Girmay Teklay ◽  
Tadesse Alemayhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Diarrhea ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Somali Region ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Under Five Children ◽  
Zinc Utilization

scholarly journals Prevalence of acute diarrhea and associated factors among children under five in semi-urban areas of northeastern Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tarikuwa Natnael ◽  
Mistir Lingerew ◽  
Metadel Adane
Keyword(s):  
Acute Diarrhea ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Multivariable Analysis ◽  
Water Sources ◽  
Children Under Five ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Under Five Children ◽  
Study Participants

Abstract Background Diarrheal disease is still one of the most common causes of mortality and morbidity in children under five in developing countries, including Ethiopia. Lack of specific data on the prevalence of acute diarrhea and associated factors among under-five children in the semi-urban areas of Gelsha, found in northeastern Ethiopia’s South Wollo zone, remains a major gap. Therefore, this study was designed to provide data that is important for proper planning of intervention measures to reduce the problem in this area. Methods A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 340 systematically selected children under five in semi-urban areas of Gelsha from January to March 2019. The data was collected using a structured questionnaire and an observational checklist. Bivariable (crude odds ratio [COR]) and multivariable analysis (adjusted odds ratio [AOR]) were employed using binary logistic regression model with 95% CI (confidence interval). Variables with a p-value < 0.05 from the multivariable analysis were declared as factors significantly associated with acute diarrhea. Result The prevalence of acute diarrhea among children under five in the study area was 11% (95%CI: 7.8–14.3%). About two-thirds (63.60%) of study participants used water from improved sources. About half (54.90%) of study participants practiced poor handwashing and 45.10% practiced good handwashing. We found that factors significantly associated with acute diarrhea were a child’s age of 12–23 months (AOR = 4.68, 95% CI: 1.45–1.50), the presence of two or more under-five children in the house (AOR = 2.84, 95% CI: 1.19–6.81), unimproved water sources (AOR = 2.97, 95% CI: 1.28–6.87) and presence of feces around the pit hole/slab/floor of the latrine (AOR = 3.34, 95% CI: 1.34–8.31). Conclusion The prevalence of acute diarrhea among children under five was relatively high. To reduce the problem, various prevention strategies are essential, such as the provision of health education to mothers/caregivers that focuses on keeping sanitation facilities clean and child care, and construction of improved water sources. Furthermore, implementing a strong health extension program, advocating an open defecation-free environment, and practicing a community-led total sanitation and hygiene approach might be helpful to sustainably reduce childhood diarrhea.

scholarly journals Prevalence of acute diarrhea and water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) associated factors among children under five in Woldia Town, Amhara Region, northeastern Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Weldehawariyat Getahun ◽  
Metadel Adane
Keyword(s):  
Acute Diarrhea ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Children Under Five ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Under Five Children ◽  
Sanitation Facility ◽  
Sanitation And Hygiene ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Study Participants ◽  
Critical Times

Abstract Background Diarrhea among children under five is one of the significant public health concerns in developing countries, such as Ethiopia that is mainly attributed to inadequate water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) services. Lack of data on the prevalence and factors associated with acute diarrhea in Woldia Town impedes the effectiveness of WASH programs in the area. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence and WASH-associated factors of acute diarrhea among under-five children in this area. This study will help guide local diarrhea prevention and control programs. Methods A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 485 children under age five from March to June 2018. The study participants were allocated proportionally and then households with children of this age group were selected from each kebele (the smallest administrative unit in Ethiopia) using a systematic random sampling technique. Data were collected from mothers/caregivers of the under-five children using a structured questionnaire and on-the-spot observation checklist. A binary logistic regression model with 95 % CI (confidence interval) was used to measure the association between dependent and independent variables. From the multivariable analysis, variables with a p-value < 0.05 were taken as factors significantly associated with acute diarrhea among under-five children. Results The prevalence of acute diarrhea among the children was 17.6 % (95 % CI: 14.2–21.0 %). Almost two-thirds 307 (63.4 %) of study participants' main source of drinking water was a private tap; 320 (66.1 %) of households used less than 20 l per capita per day. About one-fifth 99 (20.5 %) of households used an improved sanitation facility. Only one-fifth (21.1 %) of the latrines had nearby handwashing facilities. Less than half 225 (46.5 %) of mothers/caregivers had good handwashing practice at critical times. Water consumption of less than 20 l per capita per day (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 2.45; 95 % CI: 1.36–5.84), unimproved sanitation facility (AOR = 3.57; 95 %CI: 1.64–6.51), practicing unsafe child feces disposal (AOR = 2.51; 95 % CI: 1.69–4.64), poor handwashing practice at critical times (AOR = 1.85; 95 % CI: 1.34–3.56) and having no information about diarrhea being prevented by handwashing with water and soap (AOR = 3.12; 95 % CI: 1.64–6.27) were significantly associated with acute diarrhea. Conclusions More than one in six children under age five had acute diarrhea, a proportion that could be considered relatively high. We recommend that government organizations and concerned stakeholders strengthen urban WASH programs to focus on increasing the availability of sufficient water for adequate daily consumption, and promote safe disposal of child feces and good handwashing practices at critical times. Further effort is needed to sensitize mothers/caregivers about diarrhea prevention through effective WASH activity to reduce the burden of this problem among children under five.

scholarly journals Zinc utilization and associated factors among under-five children with diarrhea in East Africa: A generalized linear mixed modeling

PLoS ONE ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (12) ◽  
pp. e0243245
Author(s):  
Yigizie Yeshaw ◽  
Misganaw Gebrie Worku ◽  
Zemenu Tadesse Tessema ◽  
Achamyeleh Birhanu Teshale ◽  
Getayeneh Antehunegn Tesema
Keyword(s):  
East Africa ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Maternal Education ◽  
Media Exposure ◽  
Wealth Index ◽  
East African ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Under Five Children ◽  
Zinc Utilization

Introduction Diarrhea is the leading cause of illness and death among under-five children in low and middle income countries. Through the provision of zinc supplements has been shown to reduce the severity and duration of diarrhea, as well as the risk of mortality, the use of zinc for the treatment of diarrhea is still very low in low-income countries. Therefore, this study was conducted to determine the prevalence and associated factors of zinc utilization among under-five children with diarrhea in East Africa. Methods A secondary data analysis of the recent Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) of East African countries were used to determine the prevalence and associated factors of zinc utilization among under-five children with diarrhea in East Africa. A total weighted samples of 16,875 under-five children with diarrhea were included in the study. A generalized linear mixed model (using Poisson regression with robust error variance) was used. Prevalence Ratios (PR) with their 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated for those variables included in the final model. Results The overall prevalence of zinc utilization among under-five children with diarrhea in this study was 21.54% (95% CI = 20.92–22.16). Of East African countries, Uganda had the highest prevalence of zinc utilization (40.51%) whereas Comoros had the lowest (0.44%). Maternal primary education (Adjusted Prevalence Ratio(aPR) = 1.29, 95% CI: 1.16–1.44), secondary education (aPR = 1.36, 95% CI = 1.19–1.55) and higher education (aPR = 1.91, 95% CI = 1.52–2.40), high community women education (aPR = 1.12, 95% CI = 1.02–1.24), high wealth index (aPR = 1.12, 95% CI = 1.01–1.24), high community media exposure (aPR = 1.17, 95% CI = 1.06–1.29) were associated with a higher prevalence of zinc utilization. Conclusion The prevalence of zinc utilization among under-five children was found to be low in East Africa. Maternal education, wealth index, community women education, and community media exposure were significantly associated with zinc utilization. Increased mass media exposure, maternal education and wealth index is recommended to improve zinc utilization among under-five children with diarrhea.

scholarly journals Prevalence and antibiogram of Shigella and Salmonella spp. from under five children with acute diarrhea in Bahir Dar Town

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maritu Admassu ◽  
Gebremariam Yemane ◽  
Mulugeta Kibret ◽  
Bayeh Abera ◽  
Endalkachew Nibret ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Diarrhea ◽  
Bahir Dar ◽  
Salmonella Spp ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Under Five Children

scholarly journals Prevalence of pneumonia and its associated factors among under five children in East Africa. Meta-analysis and systemic review

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Biruk Beletew Abate ◽  
Melaku Getahun Bimrew ◽  
Ayelign Mengesha Kasie ◽  
Mesfin Kassaw Wudu ◽  
Molla Azmeraw
Keyword(s):  
East Africa ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Eastern Africa ◽  
Systemic Review ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Under Five Children ◽  
The Impact ◽  
National Prevalence

Abstract Introduction Pneumonia is defined as an acute inflammation of the Lungs’ parenchymal structure. It is a major public health problem and the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in under-five children especially in developing countries. In 2015, it was estimated that about 102 million cases of pneumonia occurred in under-five children, of which 0.7 million were end up with death. Different primary studies in Eastern Africa showed the burden of pneumonia. However, inconsistency among those studies was seen and no review has been conducted to report the amalgamated magnitude and associated factors. Therefore, this review aimed to estimate the national prevalence and associated factors of neonatal sepsis in Eastern Africa. Objective The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to assess the magnitude of pneumonia and its associated factors among under-five children in East Africa. Methods Using PRISMA guideline, we systematically reviewed and meta-analyzed studies that examined the prevalence and associated factors of pneumonia from PubMed, Cochrane library, and Google Scholar. Heterogeneity across the studies was evaluated using the Q and the I 2 test. A weighted inverse variance random-effects model was applied to estimate the national prevalence and the effect size of associated factors. The subgroup analysis was conducted by country, study design, and year of publication. A funnel plot and Egger’s regression test were used to see publication bias. Sensitivity analysis was also done to identify the impact of studies. Result A total of 34 studies with 87, 984 participants were used for analysis. The pooled prevalence of hypothermia in East Africa was 34% (95%CI; 23.80–44.21). Use of wood as fuel source (AOR= 1.53; 95%CI:1.30-1.77; I 2 = 0.0% ;P=0.465), cook food in living room (AOR= 1.47;95%CI:1.16-1.79; I 2 = 0.0% ;P=0.58), caring of a child on mother during cooking (AOR= 3.26; 95%CI:1.80-4.72; I 2 = 22.5% ;P=0.26), Being unvaccinated (AOR= 2.41; 95%CI:2.00-2.81; I 2 = 51.4% ;P=0.055), Child history of ARTI(AOR= 2.62; 95%CI:1.68-3.56; I 2 = 11.7% ;P=0.337) were identified factors of pneumonia. Conclusions The prevalence of pneumonia in Eastern Africa remains high. This review will help policy-makers and program officers to design pneumonia preventive interventions.

scholarly journals Diarrhea Prevention Practice and Associated Factors among Caregivers of Under-Five Children in Enemay District, Northwest Ethiopia

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melese Dubie Agegnehu ◽  
Liknaw Bewket Zeleke ◽  
Yitayal Ayalew Goshu ◽  
Yonas Lamore Ortibo ◽  
Yohannes Mehretie Adinew
Keyword(s):  
Family Size ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Diarrheal Disease ◽  
Good Practice ◽  
Multivariable Analysis ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Northwest Ethiopia ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Under Five Children

Background. Diarrhea is the leading cause of mortality among infants and children younger than 5 years of age in both underdeveloped and developing countries. Factors determining the occurrence of diarrhea in children are complex, and the relative contribution of each factor varies as a function of interaction between socioeconomic, environmental, and behavioral variables. Objectives. To assess diarrhea prevention practice and associated factors of diarrheal disease among caregivers who have under-five children in Enemay district, Ethiopia, 2018. Methods. Community-based cross-sectional study was done from June 1–30, 2018, among 398 caregivers who have under-five children, in the Enemay district that were selected by using the simple random sampling technique. A structured and pretested data collection tool was used to collect the data. Data were entered using EPI DATA version 4.2, and analysis was done using SPSS version 20 statistical package to be cleaned and analyzed. Descriptive analysis was done to describe study participants, and logistic regression (bivariable and multivariable) analysis was done to identify factors that have association with the dependent variable. The P value was less than 0.05. Results. A total of 398 with a response rate of 97% under-five caregivers were participated in this study. Nearly, half (48.7%) of the participants were in the age group 25–34. The study revealed that good practice of diarrhea prevention was 52.8%. This study was also identified that occupation (AOR: 3.922, 95% CI: 1.593, 9.657), family size (AOR: 0.088, 95% CI: 0.009, 0.916), and understanding on diarrhea (AOR: 0.237, 95% CI: 0.091, 0.613) were associated factors of diarrhea prevention practice of under-five children caregivers. Conclusion. This finding showed that diarrhea prevention practice among under-five children caregivers was low and prevention practice was significantly associated with caregivers’ awareness on frequency of diarrhea in a day, occupation, and family size in a house.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document