The Relationship Between Dietary Knowledge and Glycemic Control in Patient with Diabetes Type 2: A Comunity-Based, Cross-Sectional Study

Diabetes mellitus is a major public health issue that considerably impacts mortality, morbidity, and healthcare costs worldwide. The COVID-19 pandemic has created havoc in diabetes management, too, like other spectrums of life. A descriptive, cross-sectional study was adopted to determine the effect of Social Support, Self-Care Behaviour and Self-Efficacy in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2D) during this COVID-19 pandemic. Two hundred T2D patients who satisfied the inclusion criteria were chosen using a convenient sampling procedure. The tool consists of four sections, including socio-demographic characteristics, Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS), revised Summary of Diabetes Self-Care Activities (SDSCA) Scale and modified Diabetes Management Self-Efficacy Scale (DMS). Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyze the obtained data. The mean and SD of diabetic management self-efficacy is 5.74 (1.95) and 4.37 (1.4), respectively, for patients with HbA1c < 6.5% and HbA1c ≥ 6.5%. The self-care activities of the patients who had good glycemic control were 4.31 (2.06) compared to 3.50 (1.73) who did not. The social support received by the patients was 6.13 (2.13) vs. 5.31 (1.67) among patients with glycemic control vs. no control. The results show that social support (p = 0.04), self-efficacy (p =0.01) and self-care activities (p = 0.001) were significantly related to the level of glycemic control of the T2D patients. A significant relationship was also identified between gender (p = 0.036), age (p = 0.001) and education status (p = 0.000) with HbA1c control of the participants. This study demonstrates a significant relationship between social support, self-care behaviours, self-efficacy and glycemic management in T2D patients. During this COVID-19 pandemic, interventions to enhance the self-care activities like exercise and social support to boost their self-efficacy; for better diabetes management, reducing diabetes complications or prolonging their onset are the need of the hour.

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Rate of glycemic control and associated factors among type two diabetes mellitus patients in Ethiopia: A cross sectional study

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0251506 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 16 (5) ◽

pp. e0251506

Author(s):

Shambel Nigussie ◽

Nigussie Birhan ◽

Firehiwot Amare ◽

Getnet Mengistu ◽

Fuad Adem ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Glycemic Control ◽

Associated Factors ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Poor Glycemic Control ◽

Diabetic Patients ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional

Objective To assess the rate of glycemic control and associated factors among type 2 diabetes mellitus patients at Dilchora Referral Hospital, Dire Dawa, Eastern Ethiopia. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted from 13 May to 16 August 2019. Type 2 diabetic patients on follow up at Dilchora Referral Hospital who fulfilled the inclusion criteria of the study were included. Systematic random sampling was used to select study participants. Data was collected by a face-to-face interview and review of medical records. The primary outcome was the level of blood glucose during three consecutive visits. Poor glycemic control was defined as a blood sugar level of more than 154 mg/dL based on the average of measurements from three consecutive visits. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to identify determinants of glycemic control. Result A total of 394 participants responded to the interview and were included in the final analysis. The overall prevalence of poor glycemic control was 45.2% (95%CI: 40.6%-50.0%). Patients who were on oral anti-diabetic drug plus insulin had more than two times greater chance of poor glycemic control than patients on oral anti-diabetic drug alone: 2.177(95%CI:1.10–4.29). The odds of poor glycemic control in patients who did not understand the pharmacist’s instructions was two times higher than patients with good understanding of instructions 1.86(95%CI: 1.10–3.13). Patients who had poor level of practice were found to have poor glycemic control: 1.69(95% CI: 1.13–2.55). Conclusion The overall prevalence of poor glycemic control was high among type 2 diabetes patients. Oral anti-diabetic drugs in combination with insulin, lack of understanding of pharmacist’s advice, and poor practice of diabetic patients were significant factors of poor glycemic control. Pharmacists should reassure the understanding of patients before discharge during counseling. Optimization of the dose of antidiabetic medications and combination of oral hypoglycemic agents should be considered.

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Correlation of Glycemic and Lipid Control Parameters with Cognitive Dysfunction Scores, in Type 2 Diabetic Persons Results from a cross- sectional study

Revista de Chimie ◽

10.37358/rc.18.12.6775 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 69 (12) ◽

pp. 3486-3489

Author(s):

Gina Botnariu ◽

Alina Popa ◽

Geta Mitrea ◽

Marius Manole ◽

Mariana Pacurar ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cognitive Dysfunction ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

The Body ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Type 2 Diabetics ◽

Lipid Control ◽

High Density Cholesterol ◽

The Relationship

Diabetes-related cognitive dysfunction is considered a long-term complication of diabetes. In this cross-sectional study was studied the relationship between cognitive dysfunction (assessed by using two standardized questionnaires), lipid profile parameters and fatty free acids intake, in outpatients, hospitalized for their periodical control. The Mini-Mental State Exam (MMSE) and The Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) score were related to the body mass index (BMI), high density cholesterol (HDLc), glycated hemoglobin (Hb A1c) and intake of choline and eicosapentaenoic acid (all Ps [ .05, excepting the relationship between MMSE and HDLc). The implications of FFA intake in dementia development, in type 2 diabetics, is important for disease management and prevention.

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Lifestyle Impact on Glycemic Control in Patients Diagnosed with Type 2 Diabetes

Journal of Advances in Medicine and Medical Research ◽

10.9734/jammr/2019/v30i430191 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 1-7

Author(s):

Irma Aide Barranco-Cuevas ◽

Beatriz Hitayatzy Zavaleta-García ◽

María Del Consuelo Rodríguez-Chávez ◽

Arturo García-Galicia ◽

Itzel Gutierrez-Gabriel ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Glycemic Control ◽

Female Gender ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Descriptive Statistics ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Inclusion Criteria ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

The Family

Objective: To determine the association lifestyle and glycemic control of patients with type 2 diabetes. Study Design: This is a descriptive, cross sectional study. Place and Duration of Study: This study was conducted in the Family Medicine Unit Number 55 of the Mexican Institute of Social Security in Puebla, Mexico during January to June in 2016. Methodology: A total of 275 patients in whom the lifestyle and glycemic control were correlated. A questionnaire in which the variables included gender, age, level of education, occupation, marital status, lifestyle, glycemic control and number of years since they were diagnosed with diabetes mellitus type 2 was used. Descriptive statistics and X2 was used. Results: 275 patients were included who met the inclusion criteria. Their average age was 59.7 years, the female gender prevailed with 64%. A result of X2=3.611 and P=0.05 was obtained; therefore the study was considered statistically significant, since value of P= .05 was considered statistically significant. Conclusion: There is an association between the patient’s lifestyle and glycemic control.

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Hypomagnesemia and Poor Glycemic Control Among Palestinian Type 2 Diabetic Patients: A Cross-Sectional Study

10.21203/rs.3.rs-1066121/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Mohmmad Hamarshih ◽

Suha Hamshari ◽

Zaher Nazzal ◽

Farha Abu Snobar ◽

Rawa Mletat ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Diabetic Retinopathy ◽

Glycemic Control ◽

Serum Magnesium ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Magnesium Level ◽

Poor Glycemic Control ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

History Of

Abstract Background: Hypomagnesemia has been shown to have a significant impact on both glycemic control and diabetes complications in type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) patients. This study aims to assess the prevalence of hypomagnesemia in T2DM patients and find the association between serum magnesium levels and outcomes relevant to glycemic control and diabetic complications.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted and included 373 patients (222 males and 151 females). Serum magnesium levels were measured by the Colorimetric Endpoint Method using the Cobas C501system. Hypomagnesemia was determined to be a serum magnesium level <1.6 mg/dL. In addition, the following data were also obtained; patients' characteristics, anthropometric measurements, smoking status, HbA1c, co-morbidities, and therapeutic management. Results: Patients' mean age was 56.2 ±10.8 years, 24.6% were smokers, and most were overweight or obese. About 60% have a history of hypertension, and the majority have had diabetes for more than ten years. Their mean HbA1c level was 8.5±2. The prevalence of hypomagnesemia was 11% (95% CI: 8%-14.6%). It was found to be significantly higher among females (adjusted OR: 2.7, 95%CI: 1.2%-5.8%), patients with HbA1c ≥ 8% (adjusted OR: 2.4, 95%CI: 1.1%-5.5%), and patients with a history of diabetic retinopathy (adjusted OR: 2.7, 95%CI: 1.1%-7.1%). Conclusions: the study showed that hypomagnesemia is more prevalent in females and is associated with diabetic retinopathy and poor glycemic control. Having a sufficient magnesium level may be associated with better glycemic control and a reduced occurrence of complications.

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Type 2 diabetes mellitus in glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficient individuals in a Ghanaian population

International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences ◽

10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20205303 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (12) ◽

pp. 4348

Author(s):

Perez Quartey ◽

Bright Afriyie Owusu ◽

Daniel Taylor ◽

Eliza-Bertha Adomaka

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽

G6pd Deficiency ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Chi Square Analysis ◽

The Relationship

Background: Studies in different populations have shown an association between diabetes mellitus and G6PD deficiency. This association has not been investigated in the Ghanaian population. We conducted a cross-sectional study to investigate the relationship between G6PD deficiency and type 2 diabetes mellitus in a Ghanaian population.Methods: The cross-sectional study involved 125 registered type 2 diabetes mellitus clients and 125 non-diabetic individuals. Chi-square analysis was used to assess the association between G6PD status and type 2 diabetes mellitus with statistical significance pegged at p-value<0.05.Results: The prevalence of G6PD deficiency in the study population was 24.0% and 13.6% for the diabetics and non-diabetics respectively. In terms of gender, 29.5% of the diabetic males were G6PD deficient whiles G6PD deficiency was observed in 11.1% of the non-diabetic males. Additionally, 21.0% of the diabetic females were also G6PD deficient with 15.3% of the non-diabetic females being G6PD deficient. The results showed that the overall G6PD deficiency was significantly associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus as compared to the non-diabetics. In terms of gender differences, G6PD deficiency was significantly associated with type 2 diabetes in males but, there was no significant association in females.Conclusions: The study reports the first findings of the relationship between G6PD deficiencies among type 2 diabetes patients in Ghana. The study revealed that G6PD deficiency is more prevalent among type 2 diabetics than non-diabetics. Type 2 diabetes mellitus is independently associated with G6PD deficiency in males but not females.

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