Localization Schemes and Its Challenges in Underwater Wireless Sensor Networks

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (6) ◽  
pp. 2750-2754
Author(s):  
Osho Gupta ◽  
Manni Kumar ◽  
Aadil Mushtaq ◽  
Nitin Goyal
Keyword(s):  
Global Positioning System ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Dense Medium ◽  
Stable Configuration ◽  
Network Simulator ◽  
Global Positioning

An underwater wireless sensor network (UWSN) consists of numerous sensor nodes deployed below the water to monitor physical and environmental changes. But to locate the deployed sensor nodes is an issue. Global positioning system (GPS) doesn’t work below the water because of water depth and dense medium. Also manual and stable configuration of sensor nodes is not possible in case of UWSN due to water drift of 3 m/s. This gives the challenge of locating the sensor node to fetch data from that node. So, localization plays a vital role in many applications wherein the absence of GPS and manual configuration. Various localization schemes widespread motivation for the purpose of data tagging, node tracking and target detection. Here we are classifying various localization methods by which we can deploy various sensors under the deep sea water. Here, the authors have also compared some existing UWSN techniques with the help of network simulator to guide the research fraternity.

Design of Urban Vehicle Dynamic and Real-Time Navigation System Based on WSNs, GPS, and GPRS Techniques

2013 ◽  
Vol 765-767 ◽  
pp. 3291-3294
Author(s):  
Cheng Lin Li ◽  
Zhi Yong Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Global Positioning System ◽  
Navigation System ◽  
Traffic Congestion ◽  
Road Construction ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
General Packet Radio Service ◽  
Vehicle Navigation System ◽  
Global Positioning

Currently, the traffic congestion is a significant problem encountered in urban development, which should be resolved depending primarily on the management and deployment under the circumstance that road construction isn't able to keep the pace of automobile growth. WSNs (Wireless sensor networks), made up of numerous sensor nodes, form a multi-hop and self-organizing cellular system by wireless communication, which can realize real-time monitoring and collecting environmental information by cooperation. In this paper, a design of real-time and dynamic city vehicle navigation system is presented based on WSNs, GPS(Global Positioning System), and GPRS(General Packet Radio Service) techniques..

scholarly journals Overcoming Localization Errors due to Node Power Drooping in a Wireless Sensor Network

2011 ◽  
Vol 57 (3) ◽  
pp. 341-346 ◽  
Author(s):  
Safdar Khan ◽  
Boubaker Daachi ◽  
Karim Djouani
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Network ◽  
Sensor Network ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Position Estimation ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Battery Voltage ◽  
Localization Errors ◽  
Anchor Nodes ◽  
Received Signal Strength Indication

Overcoming Localization Errors due to Node Power Drooping in a Wireless Sensor NetworkReceived Signal Strength Indication (RSSI) plays a vital role in the range-free localization of sensor nodes in a wireless sensor network and a good amount of research has been made in this regard. One important factor is the battery voltage of the nodes (i.e., the MICAz sensors) which is not taken into account in the existing literature. As battery voltage level performs an indispensable role for the position estimation of sensor nodes through anchor nodes therefore, in this paper, we take into a account this crucial factor and propose an algorithm that overcomes the problem of decaying battery. We show the results, in terms of more precise localization of sensor nodes through simulation. This work is an extension to [1] and now we also use neural network to overcome the localization errors generated due to gradual battery voltage drooping.

scholarly journals A Novel Hybrid Approach for Optimizing the Localization of Wireless Sensor Networks

2018 ◽  
Vol 200 ◽  
pp. 00005
Author(s):  
Halima Lakhbab
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Global Positioning System ◽  
Physical Environment ◽  
Optimization Problem ◽  
Hybrid Approach ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Swarm Optimization ◽  
Unconstrained Optimization Problem ◽  
Global Positioning

Wireless sensor networks are used for monitoring the environment and controlling the physical environment. Information gathered by the sensors is only useful if the positions of the sensors are known. One of the solutions for this problem is Global Positioning System (GPS). However, this approach is prohibitively costly; both in terms of hardware and power requirements. Localization is defined as finding the physical coordinates of a group of nodes. Localization is classified as an unconstrained optimization problem. In this work, we propose a new algorithm to tackle the problem of localization; the algorithm is based on a hybridization of Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) and Simulated Annealing (SA). Simulation results are given to illustrate the robustness and efficiency of the presented algorithm.

Performance analysis of ant-lion optimization based routing algorithm for wireless sensor networks

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sasi B. Swapna ◽  
R. Santhosh
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Performance Analysis ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Local Optimum ◽  
Network Simulator ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Ant Lion Optimization ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Ant Lion

PurposeThe miniscule wireless sensor nodes, engaged in the wide range of applications for its capability of monitoring the physical changes around, requires an improved routing strategy with the befitting sensor node arrangement that plays a vital part in ensuring a completeness of the network coverage.Design/methodology/approachThis paves way for the reduced energy consumption, the enhanced network connections and network longevity. The conventional methods and the evolutionary algorithms developed for arranging of the node ended with the less effectiveness and early convergence with the local optimum respectively.FindingsThe paper puts forward the befitting arrangement of the sensor nodes, cluster-head selection and the delayless routing using the ant lion (A-L) optimizer to achieve the substantial coverage, connection, the network-longevity and minimized energy consumption.Originality/valueThe further performance analysis of the proposed system is carried out with the simulation using the network simulator-2 and compared with the genetic algorithm and the particle swarm optimization algorithm to substantiate the competence of the proposed routing method using the ant lion optimization.

A framework for indoor construction resources tracking by applying wireless sensor networks1This paper is one of a selection of papers in this Special Issue on Construction Engineering and Management.

2012 ◽  
Vol 39 (9) ◽  
pp. 1083-1088 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xuesong Shen ◽  
Ming Lu
Keyword(s):  
Radio Frequency Identification ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Mobile Nodes ◽  
Received Signal Strength Indicator ◽  
Construction Engineering ◽  
Global Positioning ◽  
Frequency Identification ◽  
Selection Of

The state-of-the-art tracking technologies, such as the global positioning system (GPS) and the radio frequency identification (RFID), lend themselves well to applications in relatively open areas, while falling short of accuracy and reliability in indoor or partially covered application settings due to signal blockage, distortion or deterioration. This research aims to address this challenge in construction engineering by exploring a cost-effective positioning methodology to realize automated and continuous tracking of construction resources. The emerging ZigBee-based wireless sensor networks (WSN) technology is introduced. A framework of WSN application is proposed for indoor construction resources tracking, which consists of a group of stationary and mobile sensor nodes that can communicate with one another. Real-time locations of the mobile nodes can be determined by applying the localization method based on received signal strength indicator (RSSI) and geometric trilateration.

Security Estimation in Wireless Sensor Network Simulator

2016 ◽  
Vol 25 (07) ◽  
pp. 1650067 ◽  
Author(s):  
Álvaro Díaz ◽  
Javier González-Bayon ◽  
Pablo Sánchez
Keyword(s):  
Execution Time ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Time Estimation ◽  
Embedded Software ◽  
Security Protocol ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Network Simulator ◽  
Sensitive Data ◽  
Security Levels

Sensor nodes are low-power and low-cost devices with the requirement of a long autonomous lifetime. Therefore, the nodes have to use the available power carefully and avoid expensive computations or radio transmissions. In addition, as some wireless sensor networks (WSNs) process sensitive data, selecting a security protocol is vital. Cryptographic methods used in WSNs should fulfill the constraints of sensor nodes and should be evaluated for their security and power consumption. WSN engineers use several metrics to obtain estimations prior to network deployment. These metrics are usually related to power and execution time estimation. However, security is a feature that cannot be estimated and it is either “active” or “inactive”, with no possibility of introducing intermediate security levels. This lack of flexibility is a disadvantage in real deployments where different operation modes with different security and power specifications are often needed. This paper proposes including a new security estimation metric in a previously proposed framework for WSN simulation and embedded software (SW) performance analysis. This metric is called Security Estimation Metric (SEM) and it provides information about the security encryption used in WSN transmissions. Results show that the metric improves flexibility, granularity and execution time compared to other cryptographic tests.

scholarly journals DALT: Double Anchor-Based Localization Technique For Wireless Sensor Networks Using RSS And AoA Measures

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 1862-1869
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Location Estimation ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Angle Of Arrival ◽  
Localization Technique ◽  
Localization Algorithms ◽  
Gps Device

Tracking the location of target nodes/objects plays a vital role in disaster management and emergency rescue operations. The wireless sensor network is an easiest and cheapest solution to track the target nodes/objects in emergency applications. Use of GPS installed devices in wireless sensor networks is one of the solutions to track the target node’s location. Installing GPS device on every target node is very expensive and the GPS device drains the battery power, and increases the size of sensor nodes. Localization is an alternative solution to track the target node’s location. Many localization algorithms are available to track/estimate the target node’s location coordinates, but the accuracy of the estimated target nodes is poor. A new localization technique is proposed in this work to improve the accuracy of the estimated location of the target nodes. The proposed technique uses two anchor nodes, and parameters like linear vector segments, received signal strength, and angle of arrival measures in the location estimation process. This work has been simulated in MATLAB. The proposed algorithm outperforms the existing localization techniques.

scholarly journals Investigation of a possible crevasse near the main airstrip on McMurdo Ice Shelf, Antarctica

1997 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
pp. 152-156 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. M. Whillans ◽  
C. J. Merry ◽  
G. S. Hamilton
Keyword(s):  
Global Positioning System ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Satellite Image ◽  
Surface Expression ◽  
Surface Elevation ◽  
Positioning System ◽  
Ice Shelf ◽  
Dark Line ◽  
Global Positioning

A dark line appears on a recent satellite image of McMurdo Ice Shelf, Antarctica. It is parallel to the calving front. Initial thoughts were that the line marks an opening crevasse associated with an impending major calving event. The feature was studied by means of a strain and surface-elevation grid that was surveyed twice, 25 d apart, using global positioning system (GPS) techniques. Results show that the dark line is not due to an opening crevasse. The feature is probably the surface expression of firn collapse over sea water soaking horizontally into the ice shelf.

A Taxonomy of Routing Techniques in Underwater Wireless Sensor Networks

2012 ◽  
pp. 119-147
Author(s):  
Muhammad Ayaz ◽  
Azween Abdullah ◽  
Ibrahima Faye
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Dynamic Environment ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Underwater Sensor Networks ◽  
Underwater Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Sea Bed ◽  
Application Requirements

Underwater Wireless Sensor Networks (UWSNs) are finding different applications for offshore exploration and ocean monitoring. In most of these applications, the network consists of a significant number of sensor nodes deployed at different depth levels throughout the area of interest. Sensor nodes on the sea bed cannot communicate directly with the nodes near the surface level, so they require multihop communication assisted by an appropriate routing scheme. However, this appropriateness not only depends on network resources and application requirements, but environment constraints are involved as well. These factors all provide a platform where a resource aware routing strategy plays a vital role in fulfilling different application requirements with dynamic environment conditions. Realizing this fact, much of the attention has been given to construct a reliable scheme, and many routing protocols have been proposed in order to provide efficient route discoveries between the source and sink. In this chapter, the authors present a review and comparison of different algorithms proposed recently for underwater sensor networks. Later on, all of these have been classified into different groups according to their characteristics and functionalities.

Metric Dimension of Generalized Möbius Ladder and its Application to WSN Localization

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-11
Author(s):  
Muhammad Idrees ◽  
Hongbin Ma ◽  
Mei Wu ◽  
Abdul Rauf Nizami ◽  
Mobeen Munir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Global Positioning System ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Metric Dimension ◽  
Minimal Cardinality ◽  
Resolving Set ◽  
Global Positioning ◽  
Energy Consuming ◽  
Metric Basis ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Key Techniques

Localization is one of the key techniques in wireless sensor network. While the global positioning system (GPS) is one of the most popular positioning technologies, the weakness of high cost and energy consuming makes it difficult to install in every node. In order to reduce the cost and energy consumption only a few nodes, called beacon nodes, are equipped with GPS modules. The remaining nodes obtain their locations through localization. In order to find the minimum positions of beacons, a resolving set with minimal cardinality has been obtained in the network which is called metric basis. Simultaneous local metric basis of the network is also given in which each pair of adjacent vertices of the network is distinguished by some element of simultaneous local metric basis which makes the network design more reasonable. In this paper a new network, the generalized Möbius ladder Mm,n, has been introduced and its metric dimension and simultaneous local metric dimension of its two subfamilies have been calculated.

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