Expectant Vomiting of Lung Cancer Patients Using Positron Emission Tomography-Computed Tomography Image Analysis and Continuous Nursing Theory

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 2236-2241
Author(s):  
Chengyi Zhou ◽  
Junru Wang ◽  
Min Tao ◽  
Zhiqin Zhou ◽  
Wei Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Health Knowledge ◽  
Standard Uptake Value ◽  
Nausea And Vomiting ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Ct Image ◽  
Pet Ct ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Negative Coping ◽  
Experimental Group

Objective: The objective is to study the effect of continuous nursing on the vomiting of patients with expectant vomiting of lung cancer, and to establish a three-dimensional segmentation model of PET-CT image, so as to provide an effective nursing intervention for patients with expectant vomiting of lung cancer. Methods: In this study, the sampling method is adopted. We collected 68 patients (over 18 years old) diagnosed with lung cancer from May 2016 to June 2018 as the study subjects. Patients are divided into experimental group and control group. Before discharge, the patients in the control group are given general discharge guidance and health knowledge guidance. The patients in the experimental group are treated with continuous nursing until the next admission, except for general discharge guidance and health knowledge guidance. The cycle is a period of intermittent chemotherapy. According to the general data questionnaire designed by the researchers themselves, the criteria of acute and subacute toxicity of anticancer drugs developed by the World Health Organization (WHO), and the simple coping style questionnaire, the data are collected. SPSS 22.0 is used for analysis. The rank sum test is used in the grading of expected nausea and vomiting. The score of self coping ability is compared within the group by paired sample t-test, and P < 0.05 is statistically significant. Results: First, before continuous nursing, there is no significant difference in the expected nausea and vomiting between the two groups (P = 0.299). After continuous nursing, in the experimental group, nausea and vomiting is significantly improved (P < 0.001). Second, the positive and negative coping scores of the two groups are 15.98±1.11 and 16.99±1.23, respectively. There is no significant difference between the two groups (P > 0.05). After continuous nursing, the experimental group is compared with the control group. There is a significant difference between positive coping score (19.21±2.12) and negative coping score (16.27±1.53) (P < 0.01). Thirdly, the pixels with the standard uptake value (SUV) > 1/4 of the maximum standard uptake value (SUVmax) are selected as the basic tumor range, which can accurately predict the tumor size and range. Conclusion: PET-CT image analysis and continuous nursing can reduce the degree of nausea and vomiting in patients with lung cancer expectant vomiting, predict the size of lung cancer tumor, improve the patients’ self-response ability and the cure rate of tumor, which is worth promoting in patients with lung cancer expectant vomiting.

The Effects of Acupressure on Meridian Energy as well as Nausea and Vomiting in Lung Cancer Patients Receiving Chemotherapy

2016 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 145-152 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chi-Hsiang Shen ◽  
Li-Yu Yang
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Nausea And Vomiting ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Lung Cancer Patients ◽  
Clinical Nurses ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Experimental Group

Nausea and vomiting are the most common side effects of antineoplastic chemotherapy. However, only a small number of studies have been conducted in Taiwan to determine the efficacy of acupressure in treating these side effects in cancer patients receiving chemotherapy. In this quasi-experimental study, we aimed to explore the effects of acupressure on meridian energy as well as nausea and vomiting in 70 lung cancer patients receiving chemotherapy. Patients were assigned to the experimental or control group based on order of hospital admission. The experimental group received acupressure on “Neiguan (PC6)” and “Gongsun (SP4)” points, and the control group received sham acupoint patches on “Houxi (SI3)” point. The results showed that the mean meridian energy in the experimental group after acupressure was significantly higher than in the control group ( F = 28.71, p < .001). The experimental group had significantly less nausea ( p < .001) and vomiting ( p = .006) during the delayed phase than the control group. In conclusion, acupressure significantly increased the mean meridian energy and effectively decreased the severity of nausea and vomiting in lung cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy. We recommend that clinical nurses provide acupressure as an intervention to relieve nausea and vomiting in patients receiving chemotherapy.

P3356Antiarrhythmic therapy with amiodarone decreases the uptake of 82-Rubidium-PET: studies in a rodent model

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
S Bentsen ◽  
J K Jensen ◽  
R Ripa ◽  
P Hasbak ◽  
A Kjaer
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Perfusion ◽  
Adenosine Triphosphate ◽  
Antiarrhythmic Drugs ◽  
Correct Diagnosis ◽  
Standard Uptake Value ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Sodium Potassium ◽  
Pet Ct ◽  
Significant Difference

Abstract Introduction Myocardial perfusion imaging using positron emission tomography (PET) with 82Rubidium (82Rb) is used as a standard clinical examination. 82Rb-PET provides important information for the correct diagnosis and aids in prognostic risk assessment in patients with ischemic heart disease. 82Rb enters the myocardial cells by active transport of the sodium/potassium adenosine triphosphate transporter. Some antiarrhythmic drugs inhibits sodium/potassium adenosine triphosphate transporter. Purpose To determent if the uptake of 82Rb-PET using standard uptake value (SUV) is affected by administration of antiarrhythmic drugs. Methods Twenty-one Sprague-Dawley rats were baseline PET/CT scanned with 82Rb, using a Siemens preclinical PET/CT Inveon MM system and a Cardiogen-82 Rb generator. After baseline scan, the rats were divided into three groups. One control group without any treatment, and two received treatment with either orally administered Metoprolol 50mg/kg/24h or orally administered Amiodarone 120mg/kg/24h for seven days. All three groups were again PET/CT scanned with 82Rb-PET after the last administration on day seven. Data are presented as mean ±SEM. Results In the control group, there was no difference in mean SUV in the heart from day one to day seven (SUVmean 3.47±0.11 vs 3.45±0.35 p=0.97). In the group treated with metoprolol, likewise there was no difference in mean SUV in the heart from day one to day seven (SUVmean 3.87±0.13 vs 4.4±0.21 p=0.096). In contrast, in the group treated with amiodarone there was a significant difference in mean SUV from day one to day seven (SUVmean 4.14±0.15 vs 3.38±0.18 p=0.001). In all three groups there was no difference in mean SUV from day one to day seven in the liver and kidney. Conclusions The antiarrhythmic drug amiodarone had a clear impact on SUVmean in the heart. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time it has been shown, that amiodarone lowers the SUV in 82Rb-PET in the heart. Amiodarone therefore seems to change to uptake of 82Rb in the myocyte. This could potentially influence the calculation to estimate absolute flow through the coronary arteries and lead to wrong conclusions regarding myocardial perfusion in patients treated with amiodarone. Further studies are needed to characterize the mechanism and to confirm the effect clinically.

scholarly journals The Safety of Early Administration of Oral Fluid Following General Anesthesia in Children Undergoing Tonsil Operation: A Prospective Randomized Controlled Trial

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meng-Hang Wu ◽  
Chang-qing Liu ◽  
Xiao-qi Zeng ◽  
An-na Jia ◽  
Xiao-rong Yin
Keyword(s):  
General Anesthesia ◽  
Oral Fluid ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Recovery Period ◽  
Nausea And Vomiting ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Early Administration ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Tonsil Surgery ◽  
Experimental Group

Abstract Background: The feasibility and safety of giving a small amount of water to children in the recovery period after tonsillectomy under general anesthesia to reduce the thirst and its associated restlessness reaction remain unknown. Methods: This study was approved by our institutional ethics committee, and which adhered to CONSORT guidelines. Pediatric patients undergoing tonsil surgery who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria of our study were randomized into the experimental and control groups. In the experimental group, patients were given a small amount of water instantly after recovering from the general anesthesia, which included the recovery of cough and deglutition reflex, and attaining grade V of muscle strength. The control group was given a small amount of water 4 to 6 hours after the operation. The incidence of nausea and vomiting and the degree of thirst relief were measured and compared between the two groups. Results：300 patients were randomized into each group. There was no significant difference in the incidence of nausea and vomiting 20 minutes after drinking water between the two groups (P>0.05). The thirst score of children over 5 years old in the experimental group was significantly lower than that of the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion: The early administration of a small amount of oral fluid in children undergoing tonsil surgery and recovering from the general anesthesia is not only safe but also effective in reducing postoperative thirst. Trial registration: Current Controlled Trials ChiCTR1800020058, 12-12-2018.

Is perioperative antibiotic necessary in straightforward implant placement procedures?

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elçin Bedeloğlu ◽  
Mustafa Yalçın ◽  
Cenker Zeki Koyuncuoğlu
Keyword(s):  
Clavulanic Acid ◽  
Dental Implant ◽  
Prophylactic Antibiotic ◽  
Antibiotic Use ◽  
Implant Failure ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Implant Placement ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Amoxicillin Clavulanic Acid ◽  
Experimental Group

The purpose of this non-random retrospective cohort study was to evaluate the impact of prophylactic antibiotic on early outcomes including postoperative pain, swelling, bleeding and cyanosis in patients undergoing dental implant placement before prosthetic loading. Seventy-five patients (45 males, 30 females) whose dental implant placement were completed, included to the study. Patients used prophylactic antibiotics were defined as the experimental group and those who did not, were defined as the control group. The experimental group received 2 g amoxicillin + clavulanic acid 1 h preoperatively and 1 g amoxicillin + clavulanic acid twice a day for 5 days postoperatively while the control group had received no prophylactic antibiotic therapy perioperatively. Data on pain, swelling, bleeding, cyanosis, flap dehiscence, suppuration and implant failure were analyzed on postoperative days 2, 7, and 14 and week 12. No statistically significant difference was detected between the two groups with regard to pain and swelling on postoperative days 2, 7, and 14 and week 12 ( p &gt;0.05), while the severity of pain and swelling were greater on day 2 compared to day 7 and 14 and week 12 in both groups ( p =0.001 and p &lt;0.05, respectively). Similarly, no significant difference was found between the two groups with regard to postoperative bleeding and cyanosis. Although flap dehiscence was more severe on day 7 in the experimental group, no significant difference was found between the two groups with regard to the percentage of flap dehiscence assessed at other time points. Within limitations of the study, it has been demonstrated that antibiotic use has no effect on implant failure rates in dental implant surgery with a limited number of implants. We conclude that perioperative antibiotic use may not be required in straightforward implant placement procedures. Further randomized control clinical studies with higher numbers of patients and implants are needed to substantiate our findings.

The Effect of Using Students Peer Teaching on Iraqi EFL Students' Achievement in the Course of Library and Research Work

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (33) ◽  
pp. 693-714
Author(s):  
. Muntaha Sabbar Jebur
Keyword(s):  
Basic Education ◽  
Teaching Method ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Peer Teaching ◽  
Control Group ◽  
College Of Basic Education ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Efl Students ◽  
Experimental Group

          Peer teaching is a strategy that allows the students to teach the new content to each other, and they must be accurately guided by instructors.     The researcher proposes that the use of students peer teaching  may promote students' achievement  and ensure the engagement of all the students in the learning process. Therefore, the researcher employs it as a teaching method aiming at investigating its  effect on Iraqi EFL students' achievement in the course of Library and Research Work .      The study hypothesizes that there is no significant difference between the students' achievement who are taught library and research work by students peer teaching  and that of the students taught by the traditional way. The experimental design of the study is Parallel Groups, Random Assignment, posttest. Each group consists of 35 students, chosen randomly from the Third Year Students at the Department of English in the College of Basic Education. Both groups were matched in terms of their age and parents' education. The experiment was fulfilled in the first course for 15 weeks during the academic year 2016-2017.       The same materials were presented to both groups. This included   units from Writing Research Paper by Lester D. . Post-test was constructed and exposed  The t-test for  independent samples was used to analyze the results and it is found out that there is a statistical difference between the two groups in their achievement because the calculated t- value 2.635 is bigger than the tabulated t- value which is 2.000, and also shown the superiority of the experimental group. The results indicate that the experimental group, who was taught Library and Research Work by peer teaching   was better than the control group, who was taught according to the traditional way. So, the null hypothesis is rejected. Finally, some recommendations and suggestions are presented in the light of the study findings. to a jury of experts to verify its validity and it was administered to both groups.

Enhancing 18F-FDG-PET/CT analysis in lung cancer patients

2015 ◽  
Vol 54 (06) ◽  
pp. 247-254 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Kapfhammer ◽  
T. Winkens ◽  
T. Lesser ◽  
A. Reissig ◽  
M. Steinert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Image Fusion ◽  
Chest Wall ◽  
Fdg Pet ◽  
Ct Image ◽  
Lung Cancers ◽  
Pet Ct ◽  
Peripheral Lung ◽  
Fdg Pet Ct ◽  
Tumour Infiltration

SummaryAim: To retrospectively evaluate the feasibility and value of CT-CT image fusion to assess the shift of peripheral lung cancers with/-out chest wall infiltration, comparing computed tomography acquisitions in shallow-breathing (SB-CT) and deep-inspiration breath-hold (DIBH-CT) in patients undergoing FDG-PET/ CT for lung cancer staging. Methods: Image fusion of SB-CT and DIBH-CT was performed with a multimodal workstation used for nuclear medicine fusion imaging. The distance of intrathoracic landmarks and the positional shift of tumours were measured using semitransparent overlay of both CT series. Statistical analyses were adjusted for confounders of tumour infiltration. Cutoff levels were calculated for prediction of no-/infiltration. Results: Lateral pleural recessus and diaphragm showed the largest respiratory excursions. Infiltrating lung cancers showed more limited respiratory shifts than non-infiltrating tumours. A large respiratory tumour-motility accurately predicted non-infiltration. However, the tumour shifts were limited and variable, limiting the accuracy of prediction. Conclusion: This pilot fusion study proved feasible and allowed a simple analysis of the respiratory shifts of peripheral lung tumours using CT-CT image fusion in a PET/CT setting. The calculated cutoffs were useful in predicting the exclusion of chest wall infiltration but did not accurately predict tumour infiltration. This method can provide additional qualitative information in patients with lung cancers with contact to the chest wall but unclear CT evidence of infiltration undergoing PET/CT without the need of additional investigations. Considering the small sample size investigated, further studies are necessary to verify the obtained results.

Optimization of postoperative management of patients undergoing functional endoscopic sinus surgery

2018 ◽  
pp. 26-31
Author(s):  
Sergey Bezshapochny ◽  
Andrey Loburets ◽  
Valery Loburets
Keyword(s):  
Nasal Cavity ◽  
Postoperative Period ◽  
Sodium Hyaluronate ◽  
Sinus Surgery ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Nasal Breathing ◽  
Traditional Therapy ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Water Salt ◽  
Experimental Group

Topicality: The result of surgical treatment depends largely on the chosen method of management of the postoperative period, the main purpose of which is to reduce the effects of surgical trauma. Despite the wide variety of drugs for local and systemic use, the question of pharmacotherapy of the operated sinus remains open to this day. The main properties that a modern drug should possess are safety and high clinical efficacy. Aim: to study the clinical efficacy of topical application of a complex preparation based on a saline solution containing sodium hyaluronate and dexpanthenol in patients with chronic sinusitis after functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS). Materials and Methods: Clinical and laboratory studies were conducted on 47 patients with chronic rhinosinusitis who underwent surgery using the FESS technique. Patients were divided into 2 groups according to the principle of the postoperative period. Patients of research group (n=21), except for traditional therapy, was used locally NASOMER (a preparation based on a water-salt solution containing sodium hyaluronate and dexpanthenol); to the control group (n=26) patients entered, in the postoperative period received traditional therapy. Traditional therapy included a toilet of the nasal cavity, the use of short-course topical decongestants, irrigation of the nasal cavity with water-salt solutions. Criteria of clinical effectiveness: data of endoscopy of the nasal cavity, rhinomanometry, activity of the mucociliary transport system. The effectiveness of functional research methods in the postoperative period was determined on the 7th and 14th day of treatment. Results: On the 3rd day of the study, an increase in the swelling of the nasal cavity was observed in patients of both clinical groups, correlated with difficulty in nasal breathing. On the 7th day, a decrease in edema was observed in patients of both groups, but in the experimental group, the index of nasal breathing, according to rhinomanometry, was significantly (p<0.05) different from the control group, and was respectively 1.54±0.14 and 2.04±0.19 kPa/l*s. On the 14th day of the study, no significant difference was observed between these indicators. When studying the activity of the ciliated epithelium of the mucous membrane of the nasal cavity, it was proved that patients of the experimental group on day 7 after surgery showed a statistically significant difference in this indicator compared to the control group (17.8±1.0 and 22.7±2.1 min. respectively). Conclusions: The use of NASOMER after surgical intervention in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis contributes to more effective treatment compared with traditional therapy, as evidenced by the rapid recovery of the main functional parameters according to active posterior rhinomanometry and mucociliary clearance. Based on the results of the studies performed, the use of NASOMER for pharmacotherapy in the postoperative period is recommended for patients who have undergone rhinosurgical interventions with the aim of reducing the period of postoperative rehabilitation as an effective anti-inflammatory and wound-healing agent.

Thyroid Dysfunction in Pregnant Women with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (8) ◽  
pp. 895-899 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shahin Safian ◽  
Farzaneh Esna-Ashari ◽  
Shiva Borzouei
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Thyroid Dysfunction ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Thyroid Peroxidase ◽  
Free T4 ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Experimental Group

Aims: Investigation thyroid dysfunction and autoimmunity in pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus. Background: This article was written to evaluate the thyroid function and anti-thyroid peroxidase (anti- TPO) antibodies in pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Method: A total of 252 women with GDM and 252 healthy pregnant women were enrolled. Thyroid tests, including TSH, FreeT3, Free T4, and anti-TPO were performed for all women at 24–28 weeks of gestation. Data analysis was then carried out using SPSS ver. 22. Result: There was a significant difference between the experimental group (38.4%) and the control group (14.06%) in terms of the prevalence of subclinical hypothyroidism (p= 0.016). The frequency of anti-TPO was higher in the experimental group than the control group and positive anti-TPO was observed in 18.6% of women with GDM and 10.3% of healthy pregnant women (P= 0.008). Conclusion: Thyroid disorders are observed in pregnant women with GDM more frequently than healthy individuals and it may be thus reasonable to perform thyroid tests routinely.

A Novel Adaptive PET/CT Image Fusion Algorithm

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (7) ◽  
pp. 658-666
Author(s):  
Kai-jian Xia ◽  
Jian-qiang Wang ◽  
Jian Cai
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Image Fusion ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Combination Method ◽  
Ct Image ◽  
Fusion Algorithm ◽  
Pet Ct ◽  
Frequency Components

Background: Lung cancer is one of the common malignant tumors. The successful diagnosis of lung cancer depends on the accuracy of the image obtained from medical imaging modalities. Objective: The fusion of CT and PET is combining the complimentary and redundant information both images and can increase the ease of perception. Since the existing fusion method sare not perfect enough, and the fusion effect remains to be improved, the paper proposes a novel method called adaptive PET/CT fusion for lung cancer in Piella framework. Methods: This algorithm firstly adopted the DTCWT to decompose the PET and CT images into different components, respectively. In accordance with the characteristics of low-frequency and high-frequency components and the features of PET and CT image, 5 membership functions are used as a combination method so as to determine the fusion weight for low-frequency components. In order to fuse different high-frequency components, we select the energy difference of decomposition coefficients as the match measure, and the local energy as the activity measure; in addition, the decision factor is also determined for the high-frequency components. Results: The proposed method is compared with some of the pixel-level spatial domain image fusion algorithms. The experimental results show that our proposed algorithm is feasible and effective. Conclusion: Our proposed algorithm can better retain and protrude the lesions edge information and the texture information of lesions in the image fusion.

EFFECT OF WEB BASED INSTRUCTIONS ON ACHIEVEMENT IN SOCIAL STUDIES

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (24) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajwinder Kaur
Keyword(s):  
Social Studies ◽  
Conventional Method ◽  
Traditional Method ◽  
Statistical Techniques ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Based Instruction ◽  
Experimental Group

The purpose of the study was to study the Effect of Web based instructions on achievement in Social Studies. The sample consisted of 100 students from Grade 8th of schools affiliated to C.B.S.E of Ferozepur and were randomly split into two groups-control (taught by traditional method) and experimental (taught by Web based instruction) groups. Firstly pre-test was administered on both the groups; then the students in the control group were taught by conventional method while experimental group was taught by Web based instructions. Then post-test was administrated on both the groups. The Statistical techniques were then employed to data collected and analysis and interpretation of the data was done. The result of the study implied that there exists significant difference in achievement in Social Studies based on Web based instructions and conventional method. The study also revealed that there exist significant gender differences in achievement in Social Studies with Web based instructions.

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