A new strategy based on polyethylene glycol coated gold nanoparticles to enhance the sensitivity of radiotherapy for glioma

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 1935-1941
Author(s):  
Ming Wang
Keyword(s):  
Gold Nanoparticles ◽  
Polyethylene Glycol ◽  
Glioma Cells ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Au Nps ◽  
Killing Effect ◽  
New Strategy ◽  
Novel Strategy ◽  
And Migration

Radiotherapy (RT), as an essential method for glioma treatment, can effectively kill tumor cells. However, radiation resistance of blood–brain barrier and glioma cells leads to poor efficacy of RT, which cannot effectively improve the survival time of patients. Therefore, designing methods to improve the sensitivity of glioma cells to radiation is the key to improve the effect of RT. We propose a novel strategy for radiosensitizing glioma cells based on gold nanoparticles coated with polyethylene glycol. Results of clone formation experiments demonstrated that the Au NPs@PEG radiosensitization ratio (SER) was as high as 1.74, which effectively improved the killing effect of X-rays on the tumor. We successfully established a glioma mouse model and applied Au NPs@PEG to RT. Results of in vivo experiments showed that Au NPs@PEG combined with X-rays can significantly reduce the expression of tumor-related molecules and effectively inhibit the process of tumor invasion, proliferation, and migration.

scholarly journals Radiosensitization of Prostate Cancers In Vitro and In Vivo to Erbium-filtered Orthovoltage X-rays Using Actively Targeted Gold Nanoparticles

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Allison M. Khoo ◽  
Sang Hyun Cho ◽  
Francisco J. Reynoso ◽  
Maureen Aliru ◽  
Kathryn Aziz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gold Nanoparticles ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Prostate Cancers

Ultrasmall Gold Nanoparticles Behavior in Vivo Modulated by Surface Polyethylene Glycol (PEG) Grafting

2016 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 239-243 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuaidong Huo ◽  
Shizhu Chen ◽  
Ningqiang Gong ◽  
Juan Liu ◽  
Xianlei Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gold Nanoparticles ◽  
Polyethylene Glycol

GNG5 is a novel oncogene associated with cell migration, proliferation, and poor prognosis in glioma

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wang Zhang ◽  
Zhendong Liu ◽  
Binchao Liu ◽  
Miaomiao Jiang ◽  
Shi Yan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Signaling Pathways ◽  
Clinical Data ◽  
Poor Prognosis ◽  
Glioma Cells ◽  
Diagnosis And Treatment ◽  
And Migration ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Proliferation And Migration

Abstract Background: Although many biomarkers have been reported for detecting glioma, the prognosis for the disease remains poor, and therefore, new biomarkers need to be identified. GNG5, which is part of the G-protein family, has been associated with different malignant tumors, though the role of GNG5 in glioma has not been studied. Therefore, we aimed to identify the relationship between GNG5 and glioma prognosis and identify a new biomarker for the diagnosis and treatment of gliomas.Methods: We used data on more than a thousand gliomas from multiple databases and clinical data to determine the expression of GNG5 in glioma. Based on clinical data and CGGA database, we identified the correlation between GNG5 and multiple molecular and clinical features and prognosis using various analytical methods. Co-expression analysis and GSEA were performed to detect GNG5-related genes in glioma and possible signaling pathways involved. ESTIMATE, ssGSEA, and TIMER were used to detect the relationship between GNG5 and the immune microenvironment. Functional experiments were performed to explore the function of GNG5 in glioma cells.Results: GNG5 is highly expressed in gliomas, and its expression level is positively correlated with pathological grade, histological type, age, and tumor recurrence and negatively correlated with isocitrate dehydrogenase mutation, 1p/19 co-deletion, and chemotherapy. Moreover, GNG5 as an independent risk factor was negatively correlated with the overall survival time. GSEA revealed the potential signaling pathways involved in GNG5 function in gliomas, including cell adhesion molecules signaling pathway. The ssGSEA, ESTIMATE, and TIMER based analysis indicated a correlation between GNG5 expression and various immune cells in glioma. In vivo and in vitro experiments showed that GNG5 could participate in glioma cell proliferation and migration.Conclusions: Based on the large data platform and the use of different databases to corroborate results obtained using various datasets, as well as in vitro and in vivo experiments, our study reveals for the first time that GNG5, as an oncogene, is overexpressed in gliomas and can inhibit the proliferation and migration of glioma cells and lead to poor prognosis of patients. Thus, GNG5 is a potential novel biomarker for the clinical diagnosis and treatment of gliomas.

scholarly journals Control ofIn VivoTransport and Toxicity of Nanoparticles by Tea Melanin

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu-Shiun Chen ◽  
Yao-Ching Hung ◽  
Meng-Yeng Hong ◽  
Andrei Aleksandrovich Onischuk ◽  
Jin Chern Chiou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Gold Nanoparticles ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Raman Scattering ◽  
Therapeutic Approach ◽  
Medical Application ◽  
Toxic Materials ◽  
Cornu Ammonis ◽  
Novel Strategy

Nanoparticles are unfamiliar to researchers in toxicology. Toxicity may be generated simply due to the reduction in size. Compounds that prevent or cure toxic materials may not work on nanoparticles. Furthermore, as there are more and more applications of nanoparticles in drug delivery andin vivoimaging, controlling the transport and toxicity will be primary concerns for medical application of nanoparticles. Gold nanoparticles (GNPs) if injected intraperitoneally into mice can enter hippocampus and induce cognitive impairment. GNPs caused a global imbalance of monoamine levels, specifically affecting the dopaminergic and serotonergic neurons. Pretreatment of tea melanin significantly prevented the deposition of GNPs in mouse brains, especially in the hippocampus. Pretreatment of melanin completely alleviated GNP-induced impairment of cognition. Pre-administration of melanin stably maintained monoamines at normal profiles. Melanin completely prevented the invasion of GNPs into the Cornu Ammonis region of the hippocampus shown by coherent anti-Stoke Raman scattering microscopy. Here we show that the administration of tea melanin prevented the accumulation of Au in brain, the imbalance of monoamines, and the impairment of cognition in mice. The current study provides a therapeutic approach to toxicity of nanoparticles and a novel strategy to control the transport of GNP in mouse brain.

scholarly journals Plasmon-Enhanced Antibacterial Activity of Chiral Gold Nanoparticles and In Vivo Therapeutic Effect

Nanomaterials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1621
Author(s):  
Yuelong Xu ◽  
Hongxia Wang ◽  
Min Zhang ◽  
Jianhao Zhang ◽  
Wenjing Yan
Keyword(s):  
Gold Nanoparticles ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Intestinal Microflora ◽  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
Au Nps ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Bacterial Cell Death ◽  
Steric Configuration

d-cysteine (d-cys) has been demonstrated to possess an extraordinary antibacterial activity because of its unique steric configuration. However, inefficient antibacterial properties seriously hinder its wide applications. Here, cysteine-functionalized gold nanoparticles (d-/l-Au NPs) were prepared by loading d-/l-cysteine on the surface of gold nanoparticles for the effective inhibition of Escherichia coli (E. coli) in vitro and in vivo, and the effects on the intestinal microflora in mice were explored during the treatment of E. coli infection in the gut. We found that the antibacterial activity of d-/l-Au NPs was more than 2–3 times higher than pure d-cysteine, l-cysteine and Au NPs. Compared with l-Au NPs, d-Au NPs showed the stronger antibacterial activity, which was related to its unique steric configuration. Chiral Au NPs showed stronger destructive effects on cell membrane compared to other groups, which further leads to the leakage of the cytoplasm and bacterial cell death. The in vivo antibacterial experiment illustrated that d-Au NPs displayed impressive antibacterial activity in the treatment of E. coli-infected mice comparable to kanamycin, whereas they could not affect the balance of intestinal microflora. This work is of great significance in the development of an effective chiral antibacterial agent.

scholarly journals GNG5 is a novel oncogene associated with cell migration, proliferation, and poor prognosis in glioma

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wang Zhang ◽  
Zhendong Liu ◽  
Binchao Liu ◽  
Miaomiao Jiang ◽  
Shi Yan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Signaling Pathways ◽  
Clinical Data ◽  
Poor Prognosis ◽  
Glioma Cells ◽  
Diagnosis And Treatment ◽  
And Migration ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Proliferation And Migration

Abstract Background Although many biomarkers have been reported for detecting glioma, the prognosis for the disease remains poor, and therefore, new biomarkers need to be identified. GNG5, which is part of the G-protein family, has been associated with different malignant tumors, though the role of GNG5 in glioma has not been studied. Therefore, we aimed to identify the relationship between GNG5 and glioma prognosis and identify a new biomarker for the diagnosis and treatment of gliomas. Methods We used data on more than a thousand gliomas from multiple databases and clinical data to determine the expression of GNG5 in glioma. Based on clinical data and CGGA database, we identified the correlation between GNG5 and multiple molecular and clinical features and prognosis using various analytical methods. Co-expression analysis and GSEA were performed to detect GNG5-related genes in glioma and possible signaling pathways involved. ESTIMATE, ssGSEA, and TIMER were used to detect the relationship between GNG5 and the immune microenvironment. Functional experiments were performed to explore the function of GNG5 in glioma cells. Results GNG5 is highly expressed in gliomas, and its expression level is positively correlated with pathological grade, histological type, age, and tumor recurrence and negatively correlated with isocitrate dehydrogenase mutation, 1p/19 co-deletion, and chemotherapy. Moreover, GNG5 as an independent risk factor was negatively correlated with the overall survival time. GSEA revealed the potential signaling pathways involved in GNG5 function in gliomas, including cell adhesion molecules signaling pathway. The ssGSEA, ESTIMATE, and TIMER based analysis indicated a correlation between GNG5 expression and various immune cells in glioma. In vivo and in vitro experiments showed that GNG5 could participate in glioma cell proliferation and migration. Conclusions Based on the large data platform and the use of different databases to corroborate results obtained using various datasets, as well as in vitro and in vivo experiments, our study reveals for the first time that GNG5, as an oncogene, is overexpressed in gliomas and can inhibit the proliferation and migration of glioma cells and lead to poor prognosis of patients. Thus, GNG5 is a potential novel biomarker for the clinical diagnosis and treatment of gliomas.

Exosome-Mediated Transfer of circRNA-GLIS3 Enhances Temozolomide Resistance in Glioma Cells Through miR-548m/MED31 Axis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guowei Li ◽  
YanPing Jin
Keyword(s):  
Cell Apoptosis ◽  
Target Gene ◽  
Target Genes ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Glioma Cells ◽  
Induce Cell Cycle Arrest ◽  
Invasion And Migration ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
And Migration

Abstract Background: TMZ resistance plays a critical role in the treatment of glioma, our research try to explore how circRNAs affect the chemosensitivity of glioma cells. Methods: In this study, we proceeded gene sequencing, and selected circRNAs specifically expressed in TMZ resistant cells and use them as target genes for subsequent studies; by knocking out the target gene we clarify its effect on TMZ resistant glioma proliferation, invasion, migration and cell apoptosis; through tumor-burdened animals we explore the effect of target gene in vivo environment. Results: In our research we revealed that circ-GLIS3 was significantly upregulated in TMZ resistant glioma cells. Functionally, knocking down circ-GLIS3 could inhibit proliferation, invasion, and migration abilities of TMZ resistant glioma cells; moreover, the downregulation of circ-GLIS3 could induce cell cycle arrest and apoptosis, while miR-548m inhibition and MED31 mRNA could reverse this progress. In vivo condition, the silencing of circ-GLIS3 could induce cell apoptosis and suppressed tumor growth. Mechanistically, circ-GLIS3 positively upregulated MED31 expression by sponging miR-548m. Conclusions: All these research findings demonstrate that circ-GLIS3 accelerates TMZ resistant glioma progression through miR-548m/MED31 axis.

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