scholarly journals Large-Scale Precipitation Variability over Northwest China Inferred from Tree Rings

2011 ◽  
Vol 24 (13) ◽  
pp. 3457-3468 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyan Fang ◽  
Xiaohua Gou ◽  
Fahu Chen ◽  
Edward Cook ◽  
Jinbao Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tree Ring ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Northwest China ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Contour Method ◽  
Precipitation Reconstruction ◽  
Nw China ◽  
Climate Station ◽  
Instrumental Records

Abstract A preliminary study of a point-by-point spatial precipitation reconstruction for northwestern (NW) China is explored, based on a tree-ring network of 132 chronologies. Precipitation variations during the past ~200–400 yr (the common reconstruction period is from 1802 to 1990) are reconstructed for 26 stations in NW China from a nationwide 160-station dataset. The authors introduce a “search spatial correlation contour” method to locate candidate tree-ring predictors for the reconstruction data of a given climate station. Calibration and verification results indicate that most precipitation reconstruction models are acceptable, except for a few reconstructions (stations Hetian, Hami, Jiuquan, and Wuwei) with degraded quality. Additionally, the authors compare four spatial precipitation factors in the instrumental records and reconstructions derived from a rotated principal component analysis (RPCA). The northern and southern Xinjiang factors from the instrumental and reconstructed data agree well with each other. However, differences in spatial patterns between the instrumentation and reconstruction data are also found for the other two factors, which probably result from the relatively poor quality of a few stations. Major drought events documented in previous studies—for example, from the 1920s through the 1930s for the eastern part of NW China—are reconstructed in this study.

scholarly journals Precipitation reconstruction based on tree-ring width over the past 270 years in the central Lesser Khingan Mountains, Northeast China

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mingqi Li ◽  
Guofu Deng ◽  
Xuemei Shao ◽  
Zhi-Yong Yin
Keyword(s):  
Tree Ring ◽  
Northeast China ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Ring Width ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Pinus Koraiensis ◽  
Tree Ring Width ◽  
Precipitation Reconstruction ◽  
The Past ◽  
Decadal Scale

Abstract. Inter-annual variations in precipitation play important roles in management of forest ecosystems and agricultural production in Northeast China. This study presents a 270-year precipitation reconstruction of winter to early growing season for the central Lesser Khingan Mountains, Northeast China based on tree-ring width data from 99 tree-ring cores of Pinus koraiensis Sieb. et Zucc. from two sampling sites near Yichun. The reconstruction explained 43.9 % of the variance in precipitation from the previous October to current June during the calibration period 1956–2017. At the decadal scale, we identified four dry periods that occurred during AD 1748–1759, 1774–1786, 1881–1886 and 1918–1924, and four wet periods occurring during AD 1790–1795, 1818–1824, 1852–1859 and 2008–2017, and the period AD 2008–2017 was the wettest in the past 270 years. Power spectral analysis and wavelet analysis revealed cyclic patterns on the inter-annual (2–3 years) and inter-decadal (~11 and ~32–60 years) timescales in the reconstructed series, which may be associated with the large-scale circulation patterns such as the Arctic Oscillation and North Atlantic Oscillation through their impacts on the Asian polar vortex intensity, as well as the solar activity.

Tree-ring-based precipitation reconstruction in the source region of Weihe River, northwest China since AD 1810

2018 ◽  
Vol 38 (8) ◽  
pp. 3421-3431 ◽  
Author(s):  
Changfeng Sun ◽  
Yu Liu ◽  
Huiming Song ◽  
Ruochen Mei ◽  
Paramate Payomrat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tree Ring ◽  
Source Region ◽  
Northwest China ◽  
Precipitation Reconstruction ◽  
Weihe River

scholarly journals Large scale climate signals of a European oxygen isotope network from tree-rings – predominantly caused by ENSO teleconnections?

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel F. Balting ◽  
Monica Ionita ◽  
Martin Wegmann ◽  
Gerhard Helle ◽  
Gerhard H. Schleser ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atmospheric Circulation ◽  
Tree Ring ◽  
Tree Rings ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Southern Oscillation ◽  
Circulation Pattern ◽  
Isotopic Signature ◽  
Atmospheric Circulation Patterns ◽  
Climate Signals ◽  
Instrumental Records

Abstract. We investigate the annual variability of δ18O tree ring records from sites distributed all over Europe covering the last 400 years. An Empirical Orthogonal Function (EOF) analysis reveals two distinct modes of variability on the basis of the existing δ18O tree ring records. The first mode of δ18O variability is associated with anomaly patterns of the El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and reflects a multi-seasonal climatic signal. The ENSO signal is visible for the last 130 years, but is found weak during the period 1600 to 1850 suggesting that the relationship between ENSO and the European climate may not stable over time. The second mode of δ18O variability, which captures an out-of-phase variability between northwestern and southeastern European δ18O tree ring records, is related to a regional summer atmospheric circulation pattern revealing a pronounced centre over the North Sea. Locally, the δ18O anomalies associated with this mode show the same (opposite) sign with temperature (precipitation). We infer that the investigation of large-scale atmospheric circulation patterns and related teleconnections far beyond instrumental records can be done with oxygen isotopic signature derived from tree rings. However, the European δ18Ocel tree network needs to be consolidated and updated, as well as additional research on the stationarity of reconstructed climate signals and the stationarity of teleconnections is advisable.

scholarly journals Tree-Ring Based Reconstructions of Paleo-Precipitation Regimes in the Eastern Yellowstone Region

2000 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
pp. 144-148
Author(s):  
S. Gray ◽  
S. Jackson ◽  
K. Taylor ◽  
C. Palmer ◽  
C. Fastie
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Tree Ring ◽  
General Circulation ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
General Circulation Models ◽  
Climate Variation ◽  
Climate System ◽  
Precipitation Regimes ◽  
Instrumental Records

There are few other regions where the influence of climate on basic ecosystem attributes has been as well documented as the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem (GYE). Research has shown that elk, bison, and grizzly bear populations in the GYE are tightly linked to annual climate variation (Meagher 1976, Picton 1978). Authors have shown that the distribution of vegetation types in Grand Teton and Yellowstone National Parks is influenced by the seasonality of precipitation (Despain 1987, 1990). Natural disturbances, especially fires and insect outbreaks, are also known to coincide with specific climate scenarios in this region (Knight 1987, Balling et al. 1992). Therefore, understanding how climate can vary over time is essential for the proper management of these areas (Luckman 1996). Modem instrumental records have contributed greatly to our understanding of the current GYE climate system. In particular, work by Mock (1996) and Bartlein et al. (1997) has demonstrated how local manifestations of large-scale circulation patterns produce distinct climates within the GYE. In addition, studies using modem climate records and General Circulation Models by Balling et al. (1992) and Bartlein et al. (1997) have identified trends toward increasing aridity in the GYE and the potential for these trends to continue well into the future. Late Pleistocene and Holocene (18-1 kya) climate in the GYE is known mainly from lake­sediment cores. Work by Whitlock (1993), Whitlock and Bartlein (1993), and Thompson et al. (1993) indicates that after deglaciation, increased solar radiation during summer months led to a highly seasonal climate regime. As levels of solar radiation changed through the Holocene, GYE climate became increasingly more like today until the modem regime became established around 1500-1600 AD (Whitlock 1993, Elias 1997). While existing modem and paleoecological studies reveal important aspects of the GYE climate system, there is a distinct lack of high-resolution data for most of the last millennium. Lake sediments only record climate variation at a resolution of hundreds to thousands of years, and instrumental records do not exist before the 1890s. Dendroclimatology, the study of climate using patterns of tree-ring growth (Fritts 1976) is particularly well suited to fill this gap in our knowledge of GYE climate. Tree-rings have been used successfully for climate reconstructions worldwide, offer records spanning decades to millennia, and can provide annual resolution. Therefore, we are developing a network of tree-ring sites in the western Absaroka Mountains and eastern Bighorn Basin to fill important spatial (areas east of Yellowstone NP) and temporal (high resolution for the past 700-1,000+year) gaps in our knowledge of GYE climate.

Climate relationships with tree-ring width and δ13C of three Callitris species from semiarid woodlands in south-western Australia

2010 ◽  
Vol 58 (3) ◽  
pp. 175 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ciaran Sgherza ◽  
Louise E. Cullen ◽  
Pauline F. Grierson
Keyword(s):  
Tree Ring ◽  
Western Australia ◽  
Water Conservation ◽  
Ring Width ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Conservation Strategy ◽  
Sampling Effort ◽  
Climatic Signal ◽  
Old Trees ◽  
Instrumental Records

Proxy measures of climate based on tree rings can allow reconstruction of climate back past the limit of instrumental records, thereby improving understanding of natural climate variability. We assessed the dendroclimatic potential of tree-ring widths and δ13C of three broadly co-occurring species of Callitris in south-western Western Australia. Ring width chronologies of C. columellaris F.Muell., C. canescens (Parl.) S.T. Blake and C. preissii Miq. met standard measures of dendrochronological acceptability. For all three species, the Expressed Population Signal (EPS) was >0.93 and mean correlations between series in each chronology was >0.79. In contrast, δ13C chronologies were of poorer statistical quality (EPS ranged 0.59 to 0.88, mean correlations ranged 0.33 to 0.65) with both less year-to-year and lower-frequency information (lower mean sensitivity and standard deviation values). The dominant climatic signal in the ring width chronologies was related to rainfall and was strongest over the March–September season (correlations ranged 0.27 to 0.70, all P < 0.05). Consistent with the poorer quality of the δ13C chronologies compared with those from ring widths, tree-ring δ13C was also less strongly correlated with rainfall and rarely significant (P = 0.05). The weaker δ13C correlations may be due to a strong water conservation strategy by Callitris. Our analysis of the whole ring rather than latewood and low sampling effort may also have dampened the δ13C response. However, combining the ring width and δ13C chronologies using Principal Components Analysis did not enhance the extraction of a climatic signal. While the variance explained by the first principal component (PC) was high for all three species (76 to 87%), correlations between the first PC and rainfall were not stronger than for ring widths alone. Tree-ring δ13C, in conjunction with δ18O in particular, may nevertheless provide insight into physiological responses of Callitris to climate variation. However, dendroclimatic studies using Callitris to develop past rainfall records should focus on developing chronologies from ring widths. Further effort to find sites with old trees (250 years or more) should be undertaken and are likely to provide much needed information on past rainfall in Australia.

scholarly journals Optimization of Controlled Water and Nitrogen Fertigation on Greenhouse Culture ofCapsicum annuum

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Youzhen Xiang ◽  
Haiyang Zou ◽  
Fucang Zhang ◽  
You Wu ◽  
Shicheng Yan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Combination Treatment ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Nitrogen Nutrition ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Northwest China ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Nitrogen Levels ◽  
Combination Treatments

This study investigated the effects of different combinations of irrigation and nitrogen levels on the growth of greenhouse sweet peppers, assessing yield, quality, water use efficiency (WUE), and partial factor productivity from applied N (PFPN). By using controlled drip irrigation, the optimal conditions for efficient, large-scale, high-yield, and high quality production of sweet peppers in Northwest China were determined. Using the local conventional irrigation and nitrogen regime as a control (105% ET0, N: 300 kg·hm−2), three alternative irrigation levels were also tested, at 90%, 75%, and 60% ET0. These were combined with nitrogen levels at 100%, as the control, and 75%, 50%, and 25%, resulting in 16 combination treatments. The results show that different supplies of water and nitrogen nutrition had a significant impact on the growth, yield, WUE, PFPN, and quality of fruit. The treatments of W0.90N0.75, W0.90N0.50, W0.75N0.75, and W0.75N0.50can better maintain the “source-sink” relationship of peppers. They increased the economic yield, WUE, and PFPN. A principal component analysis was performed to evaluate indicators of fruit quality, revealing that the treatment of W0.75N0.50resulted in the best fruit quality. For greenhouse sweet peppers produced in Northwest China, the combination of W0.90N0.75resulted in the highest economic yield of 34.85 kg·hm−2. The combination of W0.75N0.75had the highest WUE of 16.50 kg·m−3. The W0.75N0.50combination treatment had the highest fruit quality score. For sustainable ecological development and in view of limited water resources in the area, we recommend the W0.75N0.50combination treatment, since it could obtain the optimal fruit quality, while its economic yield and WUE were 9% and 4% less than the maximum, respectively. This study provides a theoretical basis for the optimal management of water and nitrogen during production of greenhouse sweet peppers in Northwest China.

scholarly journals Tree-Ring-Recorded Drought Variability in the Northern Daxing’anling Mountains of Northeastern China

Forests ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 674 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian Yu ◽  
Sher Shah ◽  
Guang Zhou ◽  
Zhenzhao Xu ◽  
Qijing Liu
Keyword(s):  
Correlation Analysis ◽  
Tree Ring ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Southern Oscillation ◽  
Ring Width ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Severity Index ◽  
Drought Severity ◽  
Severe Drought ◽  
The North

We developed two tree-ring width chronologies of Mongolian Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica) from the low elevation forest of the northern Daxing’anling Mountains of Inner Mongolia. Although the two chronologies come from different sampling sites, significant correlations existed among the chronologies (r = 0.318), and the first principal component (PC1) accounted for 65.9% of total variance over their common period 1792–2016. Climate-growth correlation analysis revealed that the previous June and July Palmer drought severity index (PDSIp6-7) was the main climatic factor controlling tree-ring growth. Using a linear regression model, we reconstructed the PDSIp6-7 for the past 225 years (1792–2016). The reconstruction satisfied required statistical calibration and validation tests, and represented 38.6% of the PDSI variance recorded by instruments over the period 1955–2016. Six wet and five dry periods were revealed during these 225 years. The drought of 1903–1927 was the most severe drought in the study area in the last 225 years. Comparison with other tree-ring-based moisture-sensitive sequences from nearby regions confirmed a high degree of confidence in our reconstruction. The results of a spatial climate correlation analysis with a gridded PDSI dataset revealed that our reconstructions contained strong regional drought signals for the southern Stanovoy Range and the northern Daxing’anling Mountains. The power spectrum revealed the existence of significant frequency cycles, which may be linked to large-scale atmospheric-oceanic variability, such as the El Niño-Southern Oscillation, solar activity, and the North Atlantic Oscillation.

scholarly journals Large-scale climate signals of a European oxygen isotope network from tree rings

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 1005-1023
Author(s):  
Daniel F. Balting ◽  
Monica Ionita ◽  
Martin Wegmann ◽  
Gerhard Helle ◽  
Gerhard H. Schleser ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atmospheric Circulation ◽  
Tree Ring ◽  
Tree Rings ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Southern Oscillation ◽  
Circulation Pattern ◽  
Isotopic Signature ◽  
Atmospheric Circulation Patterns ◽  
The North ◽  
Instrumental Records

Abstract. We investigate the climate signature of δ18O tree-ring records from sites distributed all over Europe covering the last 400 years. An empirical orthogonal function (EOF) analysis reveals two distinct modes of variability on the basis of the existing δ18O tree-ring records. The first mode is associated with anomaly patterns projecting onto the El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and reflects a multi-seasonal climatic signal. The ENSO link is pronounced for the last 130 years, but it is found to be weak over the period from 1600 to 1850, suggesting that the relationship between ENSO and the European climate may not be stable over time. The second mode of δ18O variability, which captures a north–south dipole in the European δ18O tree-ring records, is related to a regional summer atmospheric circulation pattern, revealing a pronounced centre over the North Sea. Locally, the δ18O anomalies associated with this mode show the same (opposite) sign with temperature (precipitation). Based on the oxygen isotopic signature derived from tree rings, we argue that the prevailing large-scale atmospheric circulation patterns and the related teleconnections can be analysed beyond instrumental records.

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