scholarly journals A Characterization of the Quality of the Stratospheric Temperature Distributions from SABER based on Comparisons with COSMIC Data

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (11) ◽  
pp. 2401-2413
Author(s):  
Z. Q. Fan ◽  
Z. Sheng ◽  
H. Q. Shi ◽  
X. H. Zhang ◽  
C. J. Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Atmospheric Temperature ◽  
Temperature Data ◽  
Detection Accuracy ◽  
Observation Data ◽  
Cosmic Radio ◽  
Broadband Emission ◽  
Stratospheric Temperature ◽  
Weather Situation ◽  
Important Field ◽  
Temperature Standard

AbstractGlobal stratospheric temperature measurement is an important field in the study of climate and weather. Dynamic and radiative coupling between the stratosphere and troposphere has been demonstrated in a number of studies over the past decade or so. However, studies of the stratosphere were hampered by a shortage of observation data before satellite technology was used in atmospheric sounding. Now, the data from the Thermosphere, Ionosphere, Mesosphere Energetics, and Dynamics/Sounding of the Atmosphere using Broadband Emission Radiometry (TIMED/SABER) observations make it easier to study the stratosphere. The precision and accuracy of TIMED/SABER satellite soundings in the stratosphere are analyzed in this paper using refraction error data and temperature data obtained from the Constellation Observing System for Meteorology, Ionosphere and Climate (COSMIC) radio occultation sounding system and TIMED/SABER temperature data between April 2006 and December 2009. The results show high detection accuracy of TIMED/SABER satellite soundings in the stratosphere. The temperature standard deviation (STDV) errors of SABER are mostly in the range from of 0–3.5 K. At 40 km the STDV error is usually less than 1 K, which means that TIMED/SABER temperature is close to the real atmospheric temperature at this height. The distributions of SABER STDV errors follow a seasonal variation: they are approximately similar in the months that belong to the same season. As the weather situation is complicated and fickle, the distribution of SABER STDV errors is most complex at the equator. The results in this paper are consistent with previous research and can provide further support for application of the SABER’s temperature data.

scholarly journals Comparative Assessment of COSMIC Radio Occultation Data and TIMED/SABER Satellite Data over China

2015 ◽  
Vol 54 (9) ◽  
pp. 1931-1943 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. Q. Fan ◽  
Z. Sheng ◽  
H. Q. Shi ◽  
X. Yi ◽  
Y. Jiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Radio Occultation ◽  
Satellite Observation ◽  
Comparative Assessment ◽  
Observation Data ◽  
Cosmic Radio ◽  
Temperature Deviation ◽  
Height Range ◽  
Broadband Emission ◽  
Occultation Data ◽  
Good Agreement

AbstractThe accuracy of temperature data from the Constellation Observing System for Meteorology, Ionosphere and Climate (COSMIC) radio occultation and Thermosphere, Ionosphere, Mesosphere Energetics, and Dynamics/Sounding of the Atmosphere using Broadband Emission Radiometry (TIMED/SABER) observation over China is analyzed. High-resolution sounding data are used to assess the accuracy of these two kinds of satellite observation data at corresponding heights, and the two sets of data are compared in the height range 15–40 km. Very good agreement between radiosondes and COSMIC is observed in the stratosphere. In the troposphere COSMIC temperatures are about 2 K higher than the radiosonde observations. SABER detection at 15–32 km agrees well with a maximum warm bias of ~2 K around 25-km altitude. The comparison between SABER and COSMIC for altitudes 15–40 km also indicates higher temperatures of SABER in the lower stratosphere. The standard deviations are all greater than 2.5 K and are larger near 15 km and smallest at 20 km. The temperature deviation and in particular the standard deviation comparing SABER and COSMIC changes with altitude, season, and latitude. The results of this comparative assessment can offer a basis for research into the application of COSMIC and TIMED/SABER over China.

scholarly journals AMSU-A-Only Atmospheric Temperature Data Records from the Lower Troposphere to the Top of the Stratosphere

2014 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 808-825 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenhui Wang ◽  
Cheng-Zhi Zou
Keyword(s):  
Climate Model ◽  
Incidence Angle ◽  
Lower Troposphere ◽  
Atmospheric Temperature ◽  
Observation Time ◽  
Temperature Data ◽  
Climate Change Research ◽  
Global Mean Temperature ◽  
Microwave Sounding ◽  
Solar Noon

Abstract The Advanced Microwave Sounding Unit-A (AMSU-A, 1998–present) not only continues but surpasses the Microwave Sounding Unit’s (MSU, 1978–2006) capability in atmospheric temperature observation. It provides valuable satellite measurements for higher vertical resolution and long-term climate change research and trend monitoring. This study presented methodologies for generating 11 channels of AMSU-A-only atmospheric temperature data records from the lower troposphere to the top of the stratosphere. The recalibrated AMSU-A level 1c radiances recently developed by the Center for Satellite Applications and Research group were used. The recalibrated radiances were adjusted to a consistent sensor incidence angle (nadir), channel frequencies (prelaunch-specified central frequencies), and observation time (local solar noon time). Radiative transfer simulations were used to correct the sensor incidence angle effect and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration-15 (NOAA-15) channel 6 frequency shift. Multiyear averaged diurnal/semidiurnal anomaly climatologies from climate reanalysis as well as climate model simulations were used to adjust satellite observations to local solar noon time. Adjusted AMSU-A measurements from six satellites were carefully quality controlled and merged to generate 13+ years (1998–2011) of a monthly 2.5° × 2.5° gridded atmospheric temperature data record. Major trend features in the AMSU-A-only atmospheric temperature time series, including global mean temperature trends and spatial trend patterns, were summarized.

scholarly journals Annually and monthly resolved solar irradiance and atmospheric temperature data across the Hawaiian archipelago from 1998 to 2015 with interannual summary statistics

Data in Brief ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 19 ◽  
pp. 896-920 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Bryce ◽  
Ignacio Losada Carreño ◽  
Andrew Kumler ◽  
Bri-Mathias Hodge ◽  
Billy Roberts ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solar Irradiance ◽  
Atmospheric Temperature ◽  
Temperature Data ◽  
Summary Statistics ◽  
Hawaiian Archipelago

scholarly journals Ozone and temperature decadal trends in the stratosphere, mesosphere and lower thermosphere, based on measurements from SABER on TIMED

2014 ◽  
Vol 32 (8) ◽  
pp. 935-949 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. T. Huang ◽  
H. G. Mayr ◽  
J. M. Russell ◽  
M. G. Mlynczak
Keyword(s):  
Stratospheric Ozone ◽  
Lower Thermosphere ◽  
Definitive Evidence ◽  
Broadband Emission ◽  
Stratospheric Temperature ◽  
Temperature Trends ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Ozone Trends ◽  
Ozone Trend ◽  
The Tropics

Abstract. We have derived ozone and temperature trends from years 2002 through 2012, from 20 to 100 km altitude, and 48° S to 48° N latitude, based on measurements from the Sounding of the Atmosphere using Broadband Emission Radiometry (SABER) instrument on the Thermosphere, Ionosphere, Mesosphere Energetics and Dynamics (TIMED) satellite. For the first time, trends of ozone and temperature measured at the same times and locations are obtained, and their correlations should provide useful information about the relative importance of photochemistry versus dynamics over the longer term. We are not aware of comparable results covering this time period and spatial extent. For stratospheric ozone, until the late 1990s, previous studies found negative trends (decreasing amounts). In recent years, some empirical and modeling studies have shown the occurrence of a turnaround in the decreasing ozone, possibly beginning in the late 1990s, suggesting that the stratospheric ozone trend is leveling off or even turning positive. Our global results add more definitive evidence, expand the coverage, and show that at mid-latitudes (north and south) in the stratosphere, the ozone trends are indeed positive, with ozone having increased by a few percent from 2002 through 2012. However, in the tropics, we find negative ozone trends between 25 and 50 km. For stratospheric temperatures, the trends are mostly negatively correlated to the ozone trends. The temperature trends are positive in the tropics between 30 and 40 km, and between 20 and 25 km, at approximately 24° N and at 24° S latitude. The stratospheric temperature trends are otherwise mostly negative. In the mesosphere, the ozone trends are mostly flat, with suggestions of small positive trends at lower latitudes. The temperature trends in this region are mostly negative, showing decreases of up to ~ −3 K decade−1. In the lower thermosphere (between ~ 85 and 100 km), ozone and temperature trends are both negative. The ozone trend can approach ~ −10% decade−1, and the temperature trend can approach ~ −3 K decade−1. Aside from trends, these patterns of ozone–temperature correlations are consistent with previous studies of ozone and temperature perturbations such as the quasi-biennial (QBO) and semiannual (SAO) oscillations, and add confidence to the results.

An Optimization Model for the Identification of Temperature in Intelligent Building

2011 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 61-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
ZhenYa Zhang ◽  
HongMei Cheng ◽  
ShuGuang Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Optimization Problem ◽  
Optimization Problems ◽  
Fitness Function ◽  
Temperature Data ◽  
Temperature Fields ◽  
Observation Data ◽  
Feed Forward Neural Network ◽  
Intelligent Building ◽  
Feed Forward

Methods for the reconstruction of temperature fields in an intelligent building with temperature data of discrete observation positions is a current topic of research. To reconstruct temperature field with observation data, it is necessary to model the identification of temperature in each observation position. In this paper, models for temperature identification in an intelligent building are formalized as optimization problems based on observation temperature data sequence. To solve the optimization problem, a feed forward neural network is used to formalize the identification structure, and connection matrixes of the neural network are the identification parameters. With the object function for the given optimization problem as the fitness function, the training of the feed forward neural network is driven by a genetic algorithm. The experiment for the precision and stability of the proposed method is designed with real temperature data from an intelligent building.

scholarly journals The Association between the Frequency of Rhegmatogenous Retinal Detachment and Atmospheric Temperature

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Dong Yoon Kim ◽  
Hyeseong Hwang ◽  
Jae-Hyung Kim ◽  
Byung Gil Moon ◽  
Sung Min Hyung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Retinal Detachment ◽  
Rhegmatogenous Retinal Detachment ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Atmospheric Temperature ◽  
Temperature Data ◽  
Daily Temperature ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Daily Temperature Range ◽  
Temperature Range ◽  
Monthly Average

Rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) frequency was observed to be higher with an increase in the daily temperature range. This showed that a wide daily range of temperature, rather than the absolute value of the temperature, is associated with the occurrence of RRD. Purpose. To investigate the association between the frequency of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) and the atmospheric temperature. Method. A retrospective review of consecutive eyes that had undergone primary RRD surgery from 1996 to 2016 at Chungbuk National University Hospital was conducted. Temperature data (highest, lowest, and mean daily temperatures and daily temperature range) in Chungbuk Province were obtained from the Korean Meteorological Administration database. We investigated the relationship between the daily temperature range and the frequency of RRD surgery. We also analyzed the association between various temperature data and the frequency of RRD surgery. Result. There were 1,394 RRD surgeries from 1996 to 2016. Among them, 974 eyes were included in this study. The monthly average number of RRD operations showed a bimodal peak (in April and October) throughout the year. With the same tendency as the frequency of RRD, the monthly average of the daily temperature range over 1 year also showed a bimodal peak in April and October. There was a significant positive correlation between the monthly average of the daily temperature range and the number of RRD surgeries (r = 0.297, P<0.001). However, there were no associations between RRD frequency and the mean temperature, highest temperature, and lowest temperature. Conclusion. The higher the daily temperature range, the higher was the RRD frequency observed. We speculated that dynamic changes in temperature during the day may affect degrees in chorioretinal adhesion and liquefaction of the vitreous, which may eventually result in retinal detachment. Therefore, further experimental studies on the correlation between temperature changes and retinal detachment are needed.

scholarly journals ATMOSPHERIC STRUCTURE OF THE OUTER PLANETS FROM THERMAL EMISSION DATA

1981 ◽  
Vol 96 ◽  
pp. 35-56
Author(s):  
Glenn S. Orton
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Thermal Emission ◽  
Atmospheric Temperature ◽  
Temperature Structure ◽  
Emission Data ◽  
Outer Planets ◽  
Atmospheric Structure ◽  
Stratospheric Temperature ◽  
Aerosol Absorption ◽  
Show Evidence

Determination of atmospheric temperature structure is of paramount importance to the understanding of planetary atmospheric structure. The most powerful methods for determining atmospheric structure exploit the opacities provided by the collision induced H2 dipole and the ν4 fundamental of CH4. In addition to earth-based observations, useful measurements of thermal emission from Jupiter and Saturn have been or soon will be made by several spacecraft, with results cross-checked with independent radio occultation results. For Uranus and Neptune, only a limited set of whole-disk earth-based data exists. All the outer planets show evidence for stratospheric temperature inversions; temperature minima range from about 105 K for Jupiter and 87 K for Saturn, to roughly 55 K for Uranus and Neptune. In addition to better data, remaining problems may be resolved by better quantitative understanding of gas and aerosol absorption and scattering properties, chemical composition, and non-LTE source functions. Ultimately, temperature structure results must be supplemented by quantitative energy equilibrium models which will allow some meaning to be given to the relationships between such characteristics as temperature, clouds, incident solar and planetary radiation, and chemical composition.

scholarly journals Determining the temporal variability in atmospheric temperature profiles measured using radiosondes and assessment of correction factors for different launch schedules

2014 ◽  
Vol 7 (8) ◽  
pp. 8339-8357
Author(s):  
D. Butterfield ◽  
T. Gardiner
Keyword(s):  
Weather Prediction ◽  
Atmospheric Temperature ◽  
Time Of Day ◽  
Temperature Data ◽  
Rate Of Change ◽  
Temperature Profiles ◽  
Correction Factors ◽  
Temporal Separation ◽  
General Observation ◽  
Diurnal Variability

Abstract. Radiosondes provide one of the primary sources of upper atmosphere temperature data for numerical weather prediction, the assessment of long-term trends in atmospheric temperature, the study atmospheric processes and provide a source of intercomparison data for other temperature sensors e.g. satellites. When intercomparing different temperature profiles it is important to include the effect of temporal mis-match between the measurements. To help quantify this uncertainty the atmospheric temperature variation through the day needs to be assessed, so that a correction and uncertainty for time difference can be calculated. Temperature data from an intensive radiosonde campaign were analysed to calculate the hourly rate of change in temperature at different altitudes and provide recommendations and correction factors for different launch schedules. Using these results, three additional longer term data sets were analysed to assess the diurnal variability temperature as a function of altitude, time of day and season of the year. This provides data on the appropriate correction factors to use for a given temporal separation and the uncertainty associated with them. A general observation was that 10 or more repeat measurements would be required to get a standard uncertainty of less than 0.1 K h−1 of temporal mis-match.

scholarly journals Assessing atmospheric temperature data sets for climate studies

2016 ◽  
Vol 68 (1) ◽  
pp. 31503 ◽  
Author(s):  
Magnus Cederlöf ◽  
Lennart Bengtsson ◽  
Kevin I. Hodges
Keyword(s):  
Atmospheric Temperature ◽  
Temperature Data ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Climate Studies

scholarly journals The 3.6–8.0 μm Broadband Emission Spectrum of HD 209458b: Evidence for an Atmospheric Temperature Inversion

2008 ◽  
Vol 673 (1) ◽  
pp. 526-531 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heather A. Knutson ◽  
David Charbonneau ◽  
Lori E. Allen ◽  
Adam Burrows ◽  
S. Thomas Megeath
Keyword(s):  
Emission Spectrum ◽  
Temperature Inversion ◽  
Atmospheric Temperature ◽  
Broadband Emission
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