A Jim Crow State of Mind: The Racialization of Space in the McKinney, Texas Pool Party Incident

2019 ◽  
pp. 000276421985961
Author(s):  
Barbara Harris Combs
Keyword(s):  
Critical Race Theory ◽  
Predominantly White ◽  
White Supremacy ◽  
Jim Crow ◽  
Analytical Framework ◽  
Racial Oppression ◽  
The Social ◽  
State Of Mind ◽  
Black Bodies ◽  
Brown Bodies

Violence against Black bodies is not new, but contemporary discussions of these matters often focus on police or other state-sanctioned violence against male Black bodies. While this is important, it ignores the perils all Black bodies face as they navigate White spaces. In this article, I utilize an analytical framework, which highlights intersectional bodies in order to expose the extent to which a Jim Crow-like mentality about where people belong still persists in U.S. society. I examine the 2015 McKinney, Texas, pool party incident as a case study to demonstrate how gender and the social status of children operated to imperil Black (and Brown) bodies in the social environment of a predominantly White upper middle-class suburban neighborhood. I offer a counternarrative reading of the incident utilizing a framework I term bodies out of place, a critical extension on critical race theory scholarship and the work of Nirmal Puwar (2004). The article makes an important contribution toward understanding White epistemologies of ignorance with respect to the existence and maintenance of continuing racial oppression and White supremacy in society.

Dismantling White Privilege: The Black Lives Matter Movement and Environmental Justice in Canada

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cheryl Teelucksingh
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Critical Race Theory ◽  
Environmental Justice ◽  
White Supremacy ◽  
Jim Crow ◽  
The United States ◽  
Conceptual Tool ◽  
Public Monuments ◽  
Black Lives Matter ◽  
Jim Crow Era

On August 12, 2017, in Charlottesville, Virginia, alt-right/White supremacy groups and Black Lives Matter (BLM) supporters came face-to-face regarding what to do about public monuments that celebrate key figures from slavery and the Jim Crow era. White supremacists and White nationalists did not hide their racist ideologies as they demanded that their privileged place in history not be erased. The BLM movement, which challenges state-sanctioned anti-Black racism, was ready to confront themes of White discontent and reverse racism, critiques of political correctness, and the assumption that racialized people should know their place and be content to be the subordinate other.It is easy to frame the events in Charlottesville as indicative of US-specific race problems. However, a sense that White spaces should prevail and an ongoing history of anti-Black racism are not unique to the United States. The rise of Canadian activism under the BLM banner also signals a movement to change Canadian forms of institutional racism in policing, education, and the labor market. This article responds to perceptions that the BLM movement has given insufficient attention to environmental concerns (Pellow 2016; Halpern 2017). Drawing on critical race theory as a conceptual tool, this article focuses on the Canadian context as part of the author’s argument in favor of greater collaboration between BLM and the environmental justice (EJ) movement in Canada. This article also engages with the common stereotype that Blacks in Canada have it better than Blacks in the United States.

scholarly journals The Negro Digest: Race, Exceptionalism and the Second World War

2018 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
pp. 358-389 ◽  
Author(s):  
NICHOLAS GRANT
Keyword(s):  
White Supremacy ◽  
Jim Crow ◽  
Global Analysis ◽  
Second World War ◽  
Border Crossing ◽  
American Democracy ◽  
Racial Oppression ◽  
The Us ◽  
The World ◽  
Second World

This article examines the border-crossing journalism of the Negro Digest, a leading African American periodical, published from 1942 to 1951. The first title produced by the Johnson Publishing Company, the Digest had an international focus that connected Jim Crow to racial oppression around the world. However, while the magazine challenged white supremacy on a local and global level, its patriotic tone and faith in American democracy occasionally restricted its global analysis of racism. Ultimately, the internationalism of the Negro Digest was quintessentially American – wedded to the exceptional status of American freedom and an overriding belief that the US could change the world for the better.

The Great Migration Escape

Gone Home ◽  
2018 ◽  
pp. 29-52
Author(s):  
Karida L. Brown
Keyword(s):  
African American ◽  
Social Order ◽  
White Supremacy ◽  
Jim Crow ◽  
Great Migration ◽  
Eastern Kentucky ◽  
United States Steel Corporation ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Great Migration ◽  
Black Codes

This chapter provides an account of the first wave of African American migration into the Appalachian region of eastern Kentucky. It addresses the implementation of Black Codes, also known as Jim Crow laws, the convict leasing system, and how psychological and physical terror in the form of public lynchings helped maintain the social order of white supremacy. Brown attends to the role of the labor agent as a grey-market actor in facilitating the onset of the first wave of the African American Great Migration. Drawing on the oral history and archival data, the chapter distils a profile of the legendary figure, Limehouse, the white labor agent hired by United States Steel Corporation to sneak and transport black men and their families out of Alabama to Harlan County, Kentucky to work in the coalmines. The chapter also focuses on the psychosocial dimensions of this silent mass migration, specifically the spiritual strivings, the hopes, dreams, and disappointments that accompanied the Great Migration.

Mormonism and White Supremacy

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joanna Brooks
Keyword(s):  
Critical Race Theory ◽  
Predominantly White ◽  
White Privilege ◽  
White Supremacy ◽  
American Religious History ◽  
American Christianity ◽  
White American ◽  
Mormon History ◽  
Moral Innocence

This book examines the role of white American Christianity in fostering and sustaining white supremacy. It draws from theology, critical race theory, and American religious history to make the argument that predominantly white Christian denominations have served as a venue for establishing white privilege and have conveyed to white believers a sense of moral innocence without requiring moral reckoning with the costs of anti-Black racism. To demonstrate these arguments, the book draws from Mormon history from the 1830s to the present, from an archive that includes speeches, historical documents, theological treatises, Sunday school curricula, and other documents of religious life.

scholarly journals The fear of multiple truths: On teaching about racism in a predominantly white school

2021 ◽  
Vol 102 (5) ◽  
pp. 18-23
Author(s):  
Antony Farag
Keyword(s):  
Critical Race Theory ◽  
Predominantly White ◽  
White Supremacy ◽  
Critical Race ◽  
Race Theory ◽  
Marginalized Communities ◽  
Predominately White ◽  
Current Events ◽  
Elective Course ◽  
White School

In a post-truth world, it is imperative for educators to help students sift through the various views of both historical and current events. Critical race theory (CRT), a controversial theoretical framework directly critiquing white supremacy and incorporating the histories of historically marginalized communities, is a useful tool for helping students develop their own understanding of history and the world. However, research shows that social studies educators of white students are unprepared to use CRT. Antony Farag shares his research into white teachers’ use of CRT and describes what happened when his predominately white school attempted to launch an elective course build on critical race theory.

scholarly journals Wrestling the Elephant

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (2/3) ◽  
pp. 545-565
Author(s):  
Carolyn Mak ◽  
Mandeep Kaur Mucina ◽  
Renée Nichole Ferguson
Keyword(s):  
Social Work ◽  
Critical Race Theory ◽  
White Supremacy ◽  
White Supremacist ◽  
Race Theory ◽  
Institutional Policies ◽  
Classroom Dynamics ◽  
The Social ◽  
Work Education ◽  
Whiteness As Property

White supremacist ideology is the elephant in the social work classroom, negatively impacting educators’ abilities to facilitate discussion and learning. One of the most effective ways to dismantle and organize against white supremacy is to politicize the seemingly benign moments that occur in the classroom that can create discomfort for students and instructors. Politicization includes identifying and addressing both the racial (micro-) aggressions that occur in the classroom and the processes and institutional policies that create complacency and lull us to sleep. In this conceptual piece, we use a Critical Race Theory (CRT) framework to understand how white supremacy perpetuates itself in the classroom, with a particular focus on whiteness as property. As well, we explore what it means to decolonize the classroom. Using a vignette based on our teaching experiences, we use these two frameworks to analyze classroom dynamics and interactions, and discuss how implications for social work education include waking from the metaphorical sleep to recognize the pernicious effects of whiteness and white supremacy. Included are practical individual teaching, relational, and systemic suggestions to enact change.

scholarly journals Abolishing Whiteness

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (2/3) ◽  
pp. 588-615
Author(s):  
Michele D. Hanna ◽  
Heather Arnold-Renicker ◽  
Barbara Garza
Keyword(s):  
Critical Race Theory ◽  
White Supremacy ◽  
People Of Color ◽  
Learning Needs ◽  
Theoretical Frameworks ◽  
White Studies ◽  
Critical White Studies ◽  
The Social ◽  
History Of ◽  
Construction Of Whiteness

The power, privilege, and oppression paradigm that most schools of social work currently espouse to are often taught through an experiential approach to whiteness, privileging the majority of white students with the opportunity to explore their white identity at the expense of the learning of the Black/Brown, Indigenous, People of Color (BIPOC) students in the classroom. Many BIPOC students experience these courses as a hostile environment, finding themselves and their racial group identified in contrast to whiteness – oppressed, marginalized, silenced, and powerless. This paper presents an innovative course outline using Critical Race Theory and Critical White Studies as theoretical frameworks to decenter whiteness and attend to the learning needs of BIPOC students. Using these two theoretical frameworks, students will learn the history of the racial hierarchy of humans; the social construction of whiteness, the evolution of anti-black racism and the extension to other people of color; and the relationship between white supremacy and racism.

Critical Race Theory

2012 ◽  
pp. 426-439 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marilyn Y. Byrd
Keyword(s):  
Black Women ◽  
Critical Race Theory ◽  
Social Identity ◽  
Predominantly White ◽  
Critical Race ◽  
Race Theory ◽  
Theoretical Frameworks ◽  
Institutional Settings ◽  
Marginalized Groups ◽  
The Social

This chapter is a qualitative, narrative case study that seeks to unveil the social identity diversity of leadership from the perspective a Black woman leader. Social identity diversity is a form of difference that marginalized groups, such as Black women, experience in predominantly White organizational and institutional settings as a result of intersectionality. Social identity diversity creates multiple dynamics for groups such as Black women who hold leadership positions in the aforementioned settings. This study highlights the need for more inclusive and cultural perspectives of leadership, which calls for more inclusive theoretical frameworks that consider the social identity diversity of the leader. Critical race theory is presented as a theoretical framework that is useful for explaining how systems of power sustain domination and oppression in organizational and institutional settings. Implications for an emerging social justice paradigm are given.

scholarly journals DILEMA IDENTITAS KULIT HITAM MELALUI PERNIKAHAN ANTAR-RAS DALAM DREAMS FROM MY FATHER KARYA BARRACK OBAMA

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-35
Author(s):  
Qori Islami Aris
Keyword(s):  
Critical Race Theory ◽  
Identity Development ◽  
Qualitative Method ◽  
White Supremacy ◽  
Barack Obama ◽  
Critical Race ◽  
Race Theory ◽  
Black And White ◽  
The Social ◽  
The U.S

Abstrak Laki-laki dan perempuan biracial di AS, khususnya mereka yang memiliki warisan hitam-putih, terus-menerus dihadapkan pada krisis identitas pribadi, di mana mereka tidak dapat menyejajarkan diri dengan kedua sisi ras atau etnis mereka. Barack Obama, presiden petahana AS, juga mengalami situasi yang membingungkan selama tahap pengembangan kedirian dan identitasnya. Penelitian ini menyajikan penjelasan yang berkaitan dengan tantangan yang dihadapi Obama dalam pencarian identitasnya. Penelitian ini juga menyelidiki sejauh mana supremasi kulit putih dan inferioritas kulit hitam yang didesain sedemikian rupa masih terus berlanjut hingga saat ini. Dari penjabaran dapat disimpulkan bahwa ini merupakan kelemahan AS dalam upaya untuk mencapai keadilan dan kesetaraan antara Kulit Putih dan Hitam, bukanlah sarana yang dibutuhkan, melainkan realisasi dan penerimaan tentang pentingnya multirasalitas. Peneliti menggunakan metode kualitatif sebagai metode penelitian dalam upaya untuk memperoleh pemahaman secara mendalam tentang realitas sosial yang digambarkan dalam memoar.    Kata kunci: Kajian Budaya, Teori Critical Race, Nasionalisme Kulit Hitam, Rasisme Buta Warna   Abstract Biracial men and women in the U.S., particularly those with a black and white heritage are constantly faced with personal identity crisis, in which they are unable to align themselves with either side of their race or ethnicity. Barack Obama, the incumbent president of the U.S., also experienced such puzzling situations during the stages of his selfhood and identity development. This research presents an explanation relating to the challenges Obama faced in his search for identity. It also investigates the extent to which white supremacy and black inferiority by design still persists until today. It concludes by stating that what the U.S. is lacking in its effort to achieve justice and equality between the Caucasians and the Negroes, is not the means, but the realization and acceptance on the importance of multiraciality. The researcher employed qualitative method as the mode of research in an attempt to gain an in-depth understanding of the social realities depicted in the memoir.   Keywords: Cultural Studies, Critical Race Theory, Black Nationalism, Colorblind Racism

scholarly journals The Cost of Being Black in Social Work Practicum

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (2/3) ◽  
pp. 331-353
Author(s):  
Nia Johnson ◽  
Paul Archibald ◽  
Anthony Estreet ◽  
Amanda Morgan
Keyword(s):  
Social Work ◽  
Critical Race Theory ◽  
Black Students ◽  
Work Experience ◽  
White Supremacy ◽  
Historical Context ◽  
Social Work Students ◽  
The United States ◽  
Case Examples ◽  
The Social

The social work profession is not exempt from fueling institutional racism, which affects the provision of social work practicum education for Black social work students. This article highlights how the historical and current social cost of being Black in the United States presents itself within social work education’s signature pedagogy. Social workers who hold bachelor’s degrees in social work (BSW) are more likely to be Black than those holding master’s degrees in social work (MSW; Salsberg et al., 2017). It takes Black students longer to earn an MSW degree though they are more likely to hold a BSW while also having work experience related to the social work profession; this is indicative of a flawed system. The implications of this are explored by highlighting social work’s historical context and the role privilege holds within a profession charged with working towards social justice. Critical Race Theory (CRT) is utilized to unearth how the current state of social work practicum upholds a culture of white supremacy through covertly racist requirements and practices. Case examples are utilized to demonstrate the challenges Black students face as social work practicum mimics oppressive practices and perpetuates disparities in the social work landscape. Additionally, this article explores oppression’s role in treating vulnerable social work students and how that treatment is reflected in the workforce, ultimately informing service delivery.

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