Etiology and Antimicrobial Treatment of Acute Sinusitis

1981 ◽  
Vol 90 (3_suppl2) ◽  
pp. 68-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jack M. Gwaltney ◽  
Austin Sydnor ◽  
Merle A. Sande
Keyword(s):  
Maxillary Sinusitis ◽  
Anaerobic Bacteria ◽  
Antimicrobial Treatment ◽  
Acute Sinusitis ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Parainfluenza Viruses ◽  
Inappropriate Treatment ◽  
Dental Origin ◽  
The Face

Acute maxillary sinusitis is a disease of varied etiology. Over half of the cases are caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae and Hemophilus influenzae. Anaerobic bacteria account for another 10% of cases and these are usually of dental origin. The rest of the cases are caused by several other bacteria, each of which cause a small proportion. Rhinoviruses, influenza, and parainfluenza viruses also in-vade the sinuses and probably lead to secondary bacterial infection. Diagnosis of acute sinusitis on clinical grounds is difficult. Sinus transillumination and x-ray are the most valuable routine tests available. Ampicillin, amoxicillin, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, and cefaclor have been shown to be effective treatment for most cases of acute sinusitis. Infection persists when there is inadequate or inappropriate treatment. The patient may become relatively asymptomatic in the face of persistent active infection. Follow-up clinical and x-ray examinations are indicated, when possible, to detect treatment failures. Although not a routine diagnostic procedure, sinus puncture and aspiration may be of value in the seriously ill patient or one who has not responded to treatment.

Place of Middle Meatotomy in the Management of Rhinologic Chronic Sinusitis

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 30-33
Author(s):  
Ginnot B. Andriamampionona ◽  
M. R. Razafimandimby ◽  
A. D. Rabarijaona ◽  
A. H. N. Rakotoarisoa
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Management ◽  
Chronic Sinusitis ◽  
Maxillary Sinusitis ◽  
Therapeutic Option ◽  
Inferior Turbinate ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Facial Surgery ◽  
The Face ◽  
Functional Sign

Introduction: Middle meatotomy is an effective surgical technique in the management of chronic sinusitis rebels to medical treatment. It is an optimal therapeutic option in the face of a chronic sinusitis particularly of rhinological origin. Patients and method: It is a descriptive retrospective study over an 11-year period from January 2009 to December 2019 at the service of Otolaryngology and Cervico-facial surgery (ORL-CCF) at the Andohatapenaka University Hospital Antananarivo Madagascar. Our study includes subjects who have benefited from an average meatotomy on chronic sinusitis. Results: We collected 320 patients of average age of 33.78 years. Repetitive maxillary sinusitis and rhinogenic allergies are the determinants of chronic sinusitis. Nasal obstruction was the constant functional sign and anterior rhinoscopy revealed a red nasal mucosa with enlarged inferior turbinate. All of our patients received an incidence X-ray of Blondeau. The average meatotomy was achieved in all our patients and among them, a proportion of 12.50% of the cases operated at the same time of a medium meatotomy and opening of other meatus. Complementary turbinal surgery was used in 25% of cases. Therapeutic efficacy was assessed subjectively by the subject’s functional signs. Favourable trends were reported in 75.30% of cases. Conclusion: Chronic sinusitis is a naso-sinus condition requiring medical-surgical management. The middle meatotomy is the first step in the surgical management of chronic rhinological sinusitis rebellious to medical means.

Aspects of X-ray diagnostics of inflammatory processes in the maxillary sinuses

2021 ◽  
pp. 4-10
Author(s):  
A.P. Arzhantsev
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Multislice Computed Tomography ◽  
Maxillary Sinusitis ◽  
The State ◽  
X Ray ◽  
The Face ◽  
Inflammatory Processes ◽  
X Ray Computed ◽  
Diagnostic Capabilities ◽  
Maxillary Sinuses

Studying the characteristics X-ray pictures of the maxillary sinuses more than 350 patients with odontogenic diseases of the maxillary sinuses and no odontogenic of origin, as well as images of the maxillary sinuses in normal. We used data of orthopantomography, panoramic zonography middle and upper areas of the face, radiography of the paranasal sinuses, cone-beam and multislice computed tomography. Diseases of the maxillary sinuses characterized by a variety of origin and X-ray manifestations, which makes the complexity of the diagnosis. In this regard, the necessary knowledge of X-ray skialogicheskih features of pathological processes and the efficiency of X-ray techniques to objective detect not only the changes in the sinuses, but the factors causing the them. Multi -projection X-ray computed tomography examination of the maxillary sinus and alveolar process of the maxilla is a reliable method of assessing the state of the maxillary sinuses and the differentiation of the origin of maxillary sinusitis. Common dental X-ray techniques are limited diagnostic capabilities of assessing the state of the mucous membrane and the walls of the maxillary sinuses, which must be considered when interpreting the image.

scholarly journals Clinical Characteristics of Patients Diagnosed with Odontogenic Maxillary Sinusitis through the Consultation with Dentistry

2020 ◽  
Vol 63 (6) ◽  
pp. 259-264
Author(s):  
Sangjun Kim ◽  
Daeyeon Kim ◽  
Sang Hoo Park ◽  
Woo Yong Bae
Keyword(s):  
Maxillary Sinus ◽  
Dental Treatment ◽  
Past History ◽  
Maxillary Sinusitis ◽  
Clinical Results ◽  
Disease Recurrence ◽  
Dental Origin ◽  
Chief Complaints ◽  
History Of

Background and Objectives For maxillary sinus diseases, it is not easily determined whether it is of the sinus or dental origin as the root of a tooth is located in the maxillary sinus; hence the need to find the pathologic origin for better clinical results. The purpose of this study was to define the characteristics of patients who had needed to consult both a dentist and an otolaryngologist with respect to the diagnosis and management.Subjects and Method Thirty-one patients who visited the department of dentistry and ENT between 2014 and 2018 were included in the study. Patients with dental implant sinusitis were excluded. We restrospectively reviewed the medical records for chief complaints, assessment, diagnose, treatment, and prognosis of the patients.Results Of 31 patients, 13 patients were diagnosed with odontogenic rhinosinusitis (ORS), 5 with postoperative cheek cyst (POCC), 2 with radicular cyst without ORS, 7 with sinusitis, and 4 with other diseases. Thirteen patients underwent combined operation and 5 at each department. Follow-up periods was about 6.5 months. There was no disease recurrence except one patients with POCC.Conclusion There needs to be an active consultation with the dentistry department in case of unilateral sinusitis and past history of dental treatment temporally or when patients show positive findings in CT.

Electron Microscopy of Human Gallstones

1971 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
pp. 296-297
Author(s):  
C. Wolpers ◽  
R. Blaschke
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Bile Pigment ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Triclinic Crystal System ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Follow Up Study ◽  
Infra Red ◽  
Main Components

Scanning microscopy was used to study the surface of human gallstones and the surface of fractures. The specimens were obtained by operation, washed with water, dried at room temperature and shadowcasted with carbon and aluminum. Most of the specimens belong to patients from a series of X-ray follow-up study, examined during the last twenty years. So it was possible to evaluate approximately the age of these gallstones and to get information on the intensity of growing and solving.Cholesterol, a group of bile pigment substances and different salts of calcium, are the main components of human gallstones. By X-ray diffraction technique, infra-red spectroscopy and by chemical analysis it was demonstrated that all three components can be found in any gallstone. In the presence of water cholesterol crystallizes in pane-like plates of the triclinic crystal system.

Congenital Syphilis Simulating Bone Neoplasm in 2-Month Old Infant – Case Report

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Congenital Syphilis ◽  
Eosinophilic Granuloma ◽  
Osteolytic Lesion ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Upper Body ◽  
Elective Cesarean Section ◽  
Distal Fibula ◽  
X Ray

Introduction: Congenital Syphilis (CS) occurs through the transplacental transmission of Treponema pallidum in inadequately treated or non-treated pregnant women, and is capable of severe consequences such as miscarriage, preterm birth, congenital disease and/or neonatal death. CS has been showing an increasing incidence worldwide, with an increase of 208% from 2009 to 2015 in Brazil. Case report: 2-month old infant receives care in emergency service due to edema of right lower limb with pain in mobilization. X-ray with osteolytic lesion in distal fibula. Infant was sent to the Pediatrics Oncology clinic. Perinatal data: 7 prenatal appointments, negative serology at 10 and 30 weeks of gestation. End of pregnancy tests were not examined and tests for mother’s hospital admission were not requested. Mother undergone elective cesarean section at 38 weeks without complications. During the pediatric oncologist appointment, patient showed erythematous-squamous lesions in neck and other scar-like lesions in upper body. A new X-ray of lower limbs showed lesions in right fibula with periosteal reaction associated with aggressive osteolytic lesion compromising distal diaphysis, with cortical bone rupture and signs of pathological fracture, suggestive of eosinophilic granuloma. She was hospitalized for a lesion biopsy. Laboratory tests: hematocrit: 23.1 / hemoglobin 7.7 / leukocytes 10,130 (without left deviation) / platelets 638,000 / Negative Cytomegalovirus IgG and IgM and Toxoplasmosis IgG and IgM / VDRL 1:128. Congenital syphilis diagnosis with skin lesions, bone alterations and anemia. Lumbar puncture: glucose 55 / total proteins 26 / VDRL non reagent / 13 leukocytes (8% neutrophils; 84% monomorphonuclear; 8% macrophages) and 160 erythrocytes / negative VDRL and culture. X-ray of other long bones, ophthalmological evaluation and abdominal ultrasound without alterations. Patient was hospitalized for 14 days for treatment with Ceftriaxone 100mg/kg/day, due to the lack of Crystalline Penicillin in the hospital. She is now under outpatient follow-up. Discussion: CS is responsible for high rates of morbidity and mortality. The ongoing increase of cases of this pathology reflects a severe health issue and indicates failures in policies for the prevention of sexually transmitted diseases, with inadequate follow-up of prenatal and maternity protocols.

Lingual Dystonia Treated with Botulinum Toxin - A Case Report

1970 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 75-78
Author(s):  
MA Hayee ◽  
QD Mohammad ◽  
H Rahman ◽  
M Hakim ◽  
SM Kibria
Keyword(s):  
Botulinum Toxin ◽  
Botulinum Toxin A ◽  
Botulinum Toxin Type A ◽  
Botulinum Toxin Type ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Lingual Dystonia ◽  
History Of ◽  
Chest X Ray

A 42-year-old female presented in Neurology Department of Sir Salimullah Medical College with gradually worsening difficulty in talking and eating for the last four months. Examination revealed dystonic tongue, macerated lips due to continuous drooling of saliva and aspirated lungs. She had no history of taking antiparkinsonian, neuroleptics or any other drugs causing dystonia. Chest X-ray revealed aspiration pneumonia corrected later by antibiotics. She was treated with botulinum toxin type-A. Twenty units of toxin was injected in six sites of the tongue. The dystonic tongue became normal by 24 hours. Subsequent 16 weeks follow up showed very good result and the patient now can talk and eat normally. (J Bangladesh Coll Phys Surg 2006; 24: 75-78)

Antiretroviral Treatment-Associated Labia Majora Lipohypertrophy: A Rare Case and Plastic Surgical Treatment Options

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 43
Author(s):  
Akmal Hisham ◽  
Devananthan Ilenghoven ◽  
Wan Syazli Wan Ahmad Kamal ◽  
Salina Ibrahim ◽  
Shah Jumaat Mohd Yussof
Keyword(s):  
Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Highly Active ◽  
Labia Majora ◽  
The Face ◽  
Central Fat

The emergence of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) has revolutionized the prognosis of HIV-infected patients. However, the extended use of HAART is associated with a disfiguring complication termed lipodystrophy, a disorder of body fat maldistribution causing peripheral fat loss (lipoatrophy) and central fat accumulation (lipohypertrophy). Lipoatrophy commonly affects the face, legs, buttocks and arm, whilst lipohypertrophy frequently favours the abdomen, breast and dorsocervical region. To our knowledge, we present only the second documented case in the literature of a labia majora lipohypertrophy in a HIV-positive patient receiving long-term HAART. The severity of labial abnormality caused significant physical and functional morbidities. Labiaplasty with dermolipectomy of the labia majora and excisional lipectomy of the mons pubis was successfully performed. At a 6-month follow-up, patient had no recurrence with resolution of symptoms and resumption of normal activities of daily living (ADL).

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