Police supervisors' work-related attitudes in China

2016 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 419-438 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianhong Liu ◽  
Ivan Y Sun ◽  
Yuning Wu ◽  
Yugang Chang
Keyword(s):  
Police Officers ◽  
Community Policing ◽  
Use Of Force ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Police Supervisors ◽  
Role Orientations ◽  
Legal Restrictions ◽  
Research And Policy ◽  
Major Chinese City

While the past two decades have witnessed a fast growing of policing literature in China, officers' job-related attitudes remain severely under-researched. Using survey data collected from 212 police supervisors in a major Chinese city, this study examined the patterns of Chinese police officers' occupational attitudes toward selective enforcement, legal restrictions, community policing, and use of force, and factors that influence such attitudes. About half the respondents were in favor of legal restrictions, and the majority of officers supported the notions of selective enforcement, community policing, and use of force. Male, older officers, those who had no military experience, and officers who worked at field stations favored selective enforcement than their counterparts, whereas supervisor who were younger and worked at nonfield stations were more supportive for legal restrictions. Supervisors' role orientations toward law enforcement and order maintenance influenced their preference for community policing. Implications for future research and policy were discussed.

Police officers’ role orientations

2019 ◽  
Vol 42 (5) ◽  
pp. 944-959 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacinta M. Gau ◽  
Nicholas D. Paul
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Work Environment ◽  
Police Officers ◽  
Community Policing ◽  
Ordinary Least Squares ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Order Maintenance ◽  
Role Orientations ◽  
Maintenance Activities

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine police officers’ attitudes toward community policing and order maintenance, as well as the facets of the work environment that impact those attitudes. Design/methodology/approach Survey data come from a sample of officers in a mid-sized police department. Ordinary least squares regression modeling is used to examine community-policing, order-maintenance and law-enforcement role orientations. Findings Officers endorse community partnerships, but are less enthusiastic about order maintenance. They also display mid-level support for traditional law enforcement. Work–environment variables have inconsistent impacts across the three role orientations. Research limitations/implications This was a survey of attitudes in one department. Future research should examine officers’ involvement in community-policing and order-maintenance activities and any impediments to such activities. Practical implications The findings have implications for police leaders seeking to implement community policing and ensure street-level officers are carrying out partnership and order-maintenance activities. In particular, top management must foster a positive work environment and personally model commitment to policing innovations. Originality/value This paper adds to the currently sparse body of literature on officer attitudes toward community policing and order maintenance, and incorporates traditional law-enforcement attitudes as a point of contrast. This paper advances the scholarly understanding of police officers’ role orientations.

Does Trust in Citizens Mediate the Relationship Between Internal and External Procedural Justice: A Comparison Between China and Taiwan Police

2020 ◽  
pp. 0306624X2094692
Author(s):  
Ivan Y. Sun ◽  
Jianhong Liu ◽  
Yuning Wu ◽  
Maarten Van Craen
Keyword(s):  
Procedural Justice ◽  
Survey Data ◽  
Police Officers ◽  
Future Research ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Research And Policy

This study investigates the roles of trust in citizens and compliance with agency policies in mediating the direct and indirect relationships between internal procedural justice and external procedural justice among Chinese and Taiwanese police officers. Based on survey data collected from 1,253 police officers, this study comparatively analyzes whether supervisory treatment of officers is predictive of trust in citizens and willingness to follow agency policies, which in turn is linked to their willingness to act fairly and justly toward citizens on the street. The results indicate that officer trust in citizens mediates the relationship between internal and external procedural justice in both China and Taiwan, but compliance with agency policies does not. Internal procedural justice directly predicts external procedural justice among Taiwanese officers, but such a connection is not found among Chinese officers. Implications for future research and policy are discussed.

scholarly journals Police Officers’ Attitudes Toward Citizens in China

2017 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lin Liu ◽  
Ivan Y. Sun ◽  
Jianhong Liu
Keyword(s):  
Survey Data ◽  
Police Officers ◽  
Public Attitudes ◽  
Demographic Characteristics ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Police Attitudes ◽  
Role Orientations ◽  
Officer Attitudes ◽  
Attitudes Toward The Police ◽  
Chinese Police

Although a substantial number of studies have examined public attitudes toward the police, a relatively thin line of research has assessed police attitudes toward the citizenry in China. Using survey data collected from a sample of approximately 200 Chinese police officers, the current study examined the effects of police officers’ demographic characteristics, socialization and experience factors, and role orientations on officers’ attitudes toward citizen virtue, citizen cooperation with the police, and citizen input in police work. Results indicated that background and experience characteristics were ineffective in predicting the three aspects of officer attitudes toward citizens. Crime-fighting and service orientations were found to be related to officers’ attitudes toward the citizenry. Findings of this study enhance our understanding of police occupational attitudes in China and provide valuable implications for policy and future research.

Rural V Urban Policing: A Study of Taiwanese Officers' Occupational Attitudes

2009 ◽  
Vol 82 (3) ◽  
pp. 222-246 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivan Y. Sun ◽  
Doris C. Chu
Keyword(s):  
Police Officers ◽  
Group Cohesion ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Four Dimensions ◽  
Attitudinal Differences ◽  
Order Maintenance ◽  
Urban Policing ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Research And Policy ◽  
Urban Police

This study examines attitudinal differences between rural and urban police officers in Taiwan. Data used in this research were collected from a rural Taiwanese county, Hualien, and a metropolitan department, Taipei. Officers' occupational attitudes are assessed along four dimensions: group cohesion, citizen cooperation, aggressive enforcement, and order maintenance. The results indicate that, compared to their urban counterparts, rural officers are more likely to show higher levels of group cohesion and favour citizen cooperation. Rural and urban officers, however, do not differ significantly in their attitudes towards aggressive enforcement and order maintenance. Implications for future research and policy are discussed.

scholarly journals Explaining Stress during the COVID-19 Pandemic among Chinese Police Officers

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuning Wu ◽  
Ivan Y Sun ◽  
Sanja Kutnjak Ivkovich ◽  
Jon Maskaly ◽  
Shan Shen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Police Officers ◽  
Large City ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Police Stress ◽  
Family Time ◽  
West China ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Related Risk ◽  
Chinese Police ◽  
Research And Policy

Abstract Policing can be stressful, especially during public crises such as the coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19) pandemic. Using survey data from 600 police officers in a large city in West China, this study examines the prevalence of police stress increase during the pandemic’s peak month, compared pre-pandemic, and assesses a range of personal and work-related risk and protective factors of police stress. We found that Chinese officers suffered widespread, increased levels of stress during the peak pandemic month. Sources of police stress primarily came from changes in workloads and fear of contracting COVID-19. Perceived effectiveness of agency protection of officers against the COVID-19 risk, sufficient amount of sleep, and increased family time significantly reduced stress. These results bear important research and policy implications.

The Evidence Base for Interventions Targeting Individuals With Work-Related PTSD: A Systematic Review and Recommendations

2017 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 273-303 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iris Torchalla ◽  
Verena Strehlau
Keyword(s):  
Police Officers ◽  
Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Evidence Base ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Clinical Settings ◽  
Cochrane Central Register ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Central Register ◽  
Industrial Injuries

The purpose of this study was to summarize the evidence base for interventions targeting individuals with work-related posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), to make recommendations for clinicians and administrative decision makers involved in their rehabilitation, and to guide future research in this area. Particular attention was given to studies that were conducted in naturalistic clinical settings or in a workers’ compensation claim context. Electronic searches of Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, MEDLINE, PubMed, PsycINFO, CINAHL, PILOTS, and EMBASE identified 11 articles. Study populations included railroad personnel, police officers, disaster workers, and individuals with industrial injuries. Interventions included trauma-focused cognitive-behavioral therapy and eye movement desensitization and reprocessing. Several studies specifically targeted workers who had failed to return to work (RTW) after standard PTSD treatment. The results suggest that psychotherapy interventions are beneficial for helping clients recover from PTSD symptoms and RTW. In studies that reported on work status, RTW rates increased over time and generally lay between 58% and 80% across follow-up time points. Narrative impressions were supplemented by calculation of Risk Differences for individuals working at pretreatment versus posttreatment. Clinical consideration, methodological issues limiting the current body of work, and recommendations for future research are discussed.

scholarly journals Exploring the psychological health of emergency dispatch centre operatives: a systematic review and narrative synthesis

PeerJ ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. e3735 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah E. Golding ◽  
Claire Horsfield ◽  
Annette Davies ◽  
Bernadette Egan ◽  
Martyn Jones ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Police Officers ◽  
Psychological Health ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Narrative Synthesis ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Study Objective ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Dispatch Centre ◽  
High Workload ◽  
Critical Appraisal Skills

Background The study objective was to investigate and synthesize available evidence relating to the psychological health of Emergency Dispatch Centre (EDC) operatives, and to identify key stressors experienced by EDC operatives. Methods Eight electronic databases (Embase, PubMed, Medline, CINAHL, PsycInfo, PsycArticles, The Psychology and Behavioural Sciences Collection, and Google Scholar) were searched. All study designs were included, and no date limits were set. Studies were included if they were published in English, and explored the psychological health of any EDC operatives, across fire, police, and emergency medical services. Studies were excluded if they related solely to other emergency workers, such as police officers or paramedics. Methodological quality of included studies was assessed using checklists adapted from the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme. A narrative synthesis was conducted, using thematic analysis. Results A total of 16 articles were included in the review. Two overarching themes were identified during the narrative synthesis: ‘Organisational and Operational Factors’ and ‘Interactions with Others’. Stressors identified included being exposed to traumatic calls, lacking control over high workload, and working in under-resourced and pressured environments. Lack of support from management and providing an emotionally demanding service were additional sources of stress. Peer support and social support from friends and family were helpful in managing work-related stress. Discussion EDC operatives experience stress as a result of their work, which appears to be related to negative psychological health outcomes. Future research should explore the long-term effects of this stress, and the potential for workplace interventions to alleviate the negative impacts on psychological health. PROSPERO Registration Number CRD42014010806.

Effective Engagement and Communication Between First-Line Police Supervisors and Police Officers

2019 ◽  
pp. 183-198
Author(s):  
Brian Ellis ◽  
Anthony H. Normore
Keyword(s):  
Employee Engagement ◽  
Police Officers ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Ethical Responsibility ◽  
Police Leadership ◽  
First Line ◽  
Police Supervisors ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Behavioral Constructs

Leadership is the act of influencing others whereby power comes from things such as referent and reward bases and “have an ethical responsibility to attend to the needs and concerns of followers” (Northouse, 2010, p. 4). In this chapter, the authors highlight the extant literature on organizational leadership and its role in effective communication and engagement processes. The authors focus on first-line supervisors and the impact of communication and engagement on people under their supervision. Employee trait, state, and behavioral constructs coupled with the culture of emotional connection between police officers and the police organization are explored. Further, the authors examine the principles of empowerment including meaningfulness, competence, choice, and impact and its applicability to police leadership. The outcome of the relationship between effective leadership and employee engagement is directly linked to innovation, participation, teamwork, accountability, and the ability to face challenges. Conclusions and recommendations for future research are discussed.

Effective Engagement and Communication between First-Line Police Supervisors and Police Officers

2016 ◽  
pp. 479-493 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian Ellis ◽  
Anthony H. Normore
Keyword(s):  
Employee Engagement ◽  
Police Officers ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Ethical Responsibility ◽  
Police Leadership ◽  
First Line ◽  
Police Supervisors ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Behavioral Constructs

Leadership is the act of influencing others whereby power comes from things such as referent and reward bases and “have an ethical responsibility to attend to the needs and concerns of followers” (Northouse, 2010, p. 4). In this chapter, the authors highlight the extant literature on organizational leadership and its role in effective communication and engagement processes. The authors focus on first-line supervisors and the impact of communication and engagement on people under their supervision. Employee trait, state, and behavioral constructs coupled with the culture of emotional connection between police officers and the police organization are explored. Further, the authors examine the principles of empowerment including meaningfulness, competence, choice, and impact and its applicability to police leadership. The outcome of the relationship between effective leadership and employee engagement is directly linked to innovation, participation, teamwork, accountability, and the ability to face challenges. Conclusions and recommendations for future research are discussed.

Exploring the Direct and Indirect Linkages Between Supervisory Disrespect and Officer Cooperation and Disrespect in Policing

2021 ◽  
pp. 109861112110378
Author(s):  
Cynthia-Lee Williams ◽  
Yuning Wu ◽  
Ivan Y. Sun ◽  
Marrten Van Craen
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Commitment ◽  
Occupational Stress ◽  
Police Officers ◽  
Organizational Identification ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Police Agencies ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Research And Policy

Although recent studies have found that organizational justice is instrumental in promoting beneficial outcomes within police agencies, relatively little is known about how organizational injustice may be linked to police officers’ occupational attitudes and behaviors. We propose a theoretical framework linking disrespectful supervisors directly to officers’ willingness to cooperate with supervisors and treat citizens with respect and indirectly through occupational stress, organizational commitment, and organizational identification. Based on survey data collected from 584 police officers in Taiwan, we tested the proposed direct and indirect relationships using structural equation modeling (SEM) approaches. We found that having disrespectful supervisors directly lowers officers’ willingness to work with supervisors. The relationship between disrespectful supervisors and disrespectful officers is largely indirect, mediated by occupational stress, organizational commitment, and organizational identification. Implications for future research and policy are discussed.

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