scholarly journals Explaining Stress during the COVID-19 Pandemic among Chinese Police Officers

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuning Wu ◽  
Ivan Y Sun ◽  
Sanja Kutnjak Ivkovich ◽  
Jon Maskaly ◽  
Shan Shen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Police Officers ◽  
Large City ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Police Stress ◽  
Family Time ◽  
West China ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Related Risk ◽  
Chinese Police ◽  
Research And Policy

Abstract Policing can be stressful, especially during public crises such as the coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19) pandemic. Using survey data from 600 police officers in a large city in West China, this study examines the prevalence of police stress increase during the pandemic’s peak month, compared pre-pandemic, and assesses a range of personal and work-related risk and protective factors of police stress. We found that Chinese officers suffered widespread, increased levels of stress during the peak pandemic month. Sources of police stress primarily came from changes in workloads and fear of contracting COVID-19. Perceived effectiveness of agency protection of officers against the COVID-19 risk, sufficient amount of sleep, and increased family time significantly reduced stress. These results bear important research and policy implications.

Perception of police officer effectiveness in China: Does organisational support matter?

2019 ◽  
Vol 93 (3) ◽  
pp. 229-247
Author(s):  
Francis D Boateng ◽  
Guangzhen Wu
Keyword(s):  
Police Officers ◽  
Primary Objective ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Demographic Differences ◽  
Organisational Support ◽  
Perceived Organisational Support ◽  
Perception Of Police ◽  
Support Policy ◽  
National Police ◽  
Chinese Police

The primary objective of this study is to examine the influence of officers’ perceptions of organisational support on their perceived effectiveness in China. The study also examined demographic differences in how Chinese police officers perceived the support they receive from the police organisation. To achieve these objectives, the present study surveyed and analysed data obtained from 271 officers who were conveniently selected from one of the two major national police universities in China. Findings from the analysis revealed that officers’ perception of organisational support and their effectiveness were unrelated. However, findings indicated significant demographic differences in perceived organisational support. Officers’ rank, department and the location of their agencies predicted perceptions of organisation support. Policy implications of the study findings are discussed.

scholarly journals Identifying the dimensions of occupational stress by factor analysis among policemen in Tamil Nadu

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (10) ◽  
pp. 4505
Author(s):  
Arjun Loganathan ◽  
Perumal Kandasamy Govindarajan ◽  
John William Felix
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Occupational Stress ◽  
Police Officers ◽  
Time Management ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Police Stress ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Four Dimensions ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Health Related

Background: Stress can be defined as a physiological response to physical and mental demands. These stresses can negatively influence the performance and wellbeing of the employees. Police officers are a part of unique occupational population who are exposed various stressful conditions daily. This study attempts to explore factors influencing occupational stress faced by Policemen.Methods: The study was a cross sectional conducted among the policemen under three subdivisions of Villupuram, Tamilnadu. Operational police stress questionnaire was used to assess the stress levels with 20 statements which were then extracted into four dimensions by factor analysis.Results: By factor analysis stress was categorized into four factors or dimensions namely social and health related stress, time management stress, emotional stress and work-related stress.Conclusions: This study highlights that the major dimensions causing occupational stress among policemen which will form a framework for planning programs for stress management. 

Correlates of Chinese Police Officer Decision-Making in Cases of Domestic Violence

2019 ◽  
Vol 66 (11) ◽  
pp. 1556-1578 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xinting Wang ◽  
Brittany E. Hayes ◽  
Hongwei Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Domestic Violence ◽  
Police Officers ◽  
Ordinary Least Squares ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Attitudes And Beliefs ◽  
Extralegal Factors ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Chinese Police

The purpose of the current study is to uncover whether extralegal factors play a significant role in Chinese police officers’ decision-making in response to a hypothetical incident of domestic violence (DV). Data were collected from a sample of Chinese police officers located in southwestern China. Ordinary least squares (OLS) regression analyses were conducted to examine the relationship between the attitudes and beliefs of police officers and their decision-making in DV (i.e., recommend putting suspect into custody, victim into custody, and mediation; N = 514). The results suggest extralegal factors associated with culture do exert a significant effect on police officers’ decision-making in cases of DV, but the extent may be minimal. Policy implications and directions for future research are discussed.

Predicting three dimensions of police officer stress: does rural or urban setting matter?

2019 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 435-449
Author(s):  
Guangzhen Wu ◽  
Ming Wen
Keyword(s):  
Police Officers ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Urban Setting ◽  
Police Stress ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Rural And Urban Areas ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Chinese Police ◽  
And Training

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the disparities in stress between rural and urban police officers in China. Design/methodology/approach Data for this study were collected from a national police university in China in 2017. In total, 608 Chinese police officers were surveyed representing those attending in-service training program in the university. Findings Results showed that rural police officers exhibited a higher level of somatization compared to their urban counterparts, whereas no rural–urban differences were detected for other stress dimensions – anxiety and depression. Additionally, this study suggests that perceived constraints in resources and training partially mediate the observed rural–urban disparities in somatization. Research limitations/implications This study is based on a convenient sample of Chinese police officers, which restricts the generalizability of the results. Practical implications To reduce stress among police officers, China needs to make more investments in resources and training programs in its rural policing. Originality/value A review of literature reveals that studies comparing police stress between rural and urban areas are rare. Additionally, China, as the largest developing nation in the world, remains under-studied with respect to stress among its police officers.

Police supervisors' work-related attitudes in China

2016 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 419-438 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianhong Liu ◽  
Ivan Y Sun ◽  
Yuning Wu ◽  
Yugang Chang
Keyword(s):  
Police Officers ◽  
Community Policing ◽  
Use Of Force ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Police Supervisors ◽  
Role Orientations ◽  
Legal Restrictions ◽  
Research And Policy ◽  
Major Chinese City

While the past two decades have witnessed a fast growing of policing literature in China, officers' job-related attitudes remain severely under-researched. Using survey data collected from 212 police supervisors in a major Chinese city, this study examined the patterns of Chinese police officers' occupational attitudes toward selective enforcement, legal restrictions, community policing, and use of force, and factors that influence such attitudes. About half the respondents were in favor of legal restrictions, and the majority of officers supported the notions of selective enforcement, community policing, and use of force. Male, older officers, those who had no military experience, and officers who worked at field stations favored selective enforcement than their counterparts, whereas supervisor who were younger and worked at nonfield stations were more supportive for legal restrictions. Supervisors' role orientations toward law enforcement and order maintenance influenced their preference for community policing. Implications for future research and policy were discussed.

An exploratory study of police cynicism in China

2016 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 175-189 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zheng Chen
Keyword(s):  
Police Officers ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Role Orientation ◽  
Successful Implementation ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Education Experience ◽  
Gender Education ◽  
Chinese Police ◽  
Chinese Policing

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to measure police cynicism in China. Design/methodology/approach – Using survey data collected from 382 Chinese police officers training in a Chinese police university, this research empirically described police cynicism and examined the effects of some police subcultural themes (crime fighting role orientation, traditionalism, solidarity, and isolation) and some demographic and work-related variables (gender, education experience, type of police force, and tenure) on police cynicism. Findings – Results suggest that most participants are not cynical. However, they seem to have less confidence in the trust and respect that citizens have for the police. Slightly more officers stated that they do not think that citizens will trust police to cooperate. Crime-fighting role orientation and isolation had significant positive associations with police cynicism. Officers with five to ten years of service were more cynical than were new officers and more tenured officers. Originality/value – This study is one of the first empirical attempts in Chinese policing. It extends the understanding on police perceptions in China. The findings may provide useful implications for Chinese police administrators and instructors to promote the successful implementation of community policing in China.

scholarly journals Loss and damage from climate change and implicit assumptions of sustainable development

2021 ◽  
Vol 164 (1-2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chad S. Boda ◽  
Turaj Faran ◽  
Murray Scown ◽  
Kelly Dorkenoo ◽  
Brian C. Chaffin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Systematic Analysis ◽  
Integrative Framework ◽  
Mitigation And Adaptation ◽  
Policy Domain ◽  
Loss And Damage ◽  
Development Approach ◽  
Research And Policy

AbstractLoss and damage from climate change, recognized as a unique research and policy domain through the Warsaw International Mechanism (WIM) in 2013, has drawn increasing attention among climate scientists and policy makers. Labelled by some as the “third pillar” of the international climate regime—along with mitigation and adaptation—it has been suggested that loss and damage has the potential to catalyze important synergies with other international agendas, particularly sustainable development. However, the specific approaches to sustainable development that inform loss and damage research and how these approaches influence research outcomes and policy recommendations remain largely unexplored. We offer a systematic analysis of the assumptions of sustainable development that underpins loss and damage scholarship through a comprehensive review of peer-reviewed research on loss and damage. We demonstrate that the use of specific metrics, decision criteria, and policy prescriptions by loss and damage researchers and practitioners implies an unwitting adherence to different underlying theories of sustainable development, which in turn impact how loss and damage is conceptualized and applied. In addition to research and policy implications, our review suggests that assumptions about the aims of sustainable development determine how loss and damage is conceptualized, measured, and governed, and the human development approach currently represents the most advanced perspective on sustainable development and thus loss and damage. This review supports sustainable development as a coherent, comprehensive, and integrative framework for guiding further conceptual and empirical development of loss and damage scholarship.

296 Sex differences in sleep and wakefulness of police officers working shifts: evidence from a field study

SLEEP ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 44 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. A118-A118
Author(s):  
Gabriela Caetano ◽  
Laura Kervezee ◽  
Fernando Gonzales-Aste ◽  
Philippe Boudreau ◽  
Diane Boivin
Keyword(s):  
Sex Differences ◽  
Circadian Rhythms ◽  
Shift Work ◽  
Police Officers ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Time Of Day ◽  
Cycle Phase ◽  
Shift Workers ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Time Awake

Abstract Introduction National reports of work-related injuries found the excess risk of work injury attributed to shift work to be significantly higher among women. The Working Time Society (WTS) concluded that male sex is one of the few factors that is “consistently associated with perceived or actual shift work tolerance”. However, it is unclear if physiological parameters are involved. Laboratory-controlled studies report sex differences in circadian rhythms (body temperature, melatonin). In sleep deprivation protocols, alertness and cognitive performances were affected by sex, menstrual cycle phase and hormonal contraceptives [HC] use. Nevertheless, field studies that compare male and female shift workers are scarce. Methods An observational study including 76 police officers working on patrol: 56 males and 20 females (11 using [HC], 6 not using [non-HC] and 3 with unknown use of hormonal contraception) aged 32.0 ± 5.3 years. Participants were followed throughout a month-long work cycle (1,457 morning, evening, night, or other shifts, plus rest days). They filled out time-stamped questionnaires (Samn-Perelli, KSS, Visual Analogue Scales, ~5/day; sleep and work-related information, ~1–2/day), completed 5-min Psychomotor Vigilance Tasks (PVT, ~2/day), and wore an actigraph to collect activity data. Linear mixed-effects models were used to analyze the effects of group, time awake and time-of-day on fatigue, sleepiness, alertness, mood and PVT measures. Results Self-reported measures and psychomotor performance significantly varied with time awake and time-of-day. Fatigue and sleepiness levels were significantly higher among female compared to male police officers, both with time awake and across the 24-h day. These variations were similar between non-HC females and the other groups. Compared to males, HC females were more fatigued and less alert, both with time awake and across the 24-h day, and sleepier with time awake. Having children at home did not explain these differences. Conclusion The results of this study expand our knowledge on the sex differences in the sleep and circadian physiology and demonstrate a critical effect of HC on women fatigue, sleepiness and alertness when working shifts. Sex and hormonal parameters must be considered in occupational medicine as well as in future laboratory and field studies on shift workers and circadian rhythms. Support (if any) IRSST, FRQS.

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