Institutional trust and performance: A study of the police in Ghana

2017 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 164-182 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francis D Boateng
Keyword(s):  
Performance Theory ◽  
Institutional Trust ◽  
Police Performance ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Public ◽  
Local Police ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Attitudes Toward The Police ◽  
Citizens Attitudes ◽  
Practical Implications

The primary purpose of this study is to examine the effects of three indicators of police performance on residents’ evaluations of their local police in Ghana. Specifically, the study attempts to address the question “Can performance theory be utilized to explain variations in citizens’ attitudes toward the police?” This question is addressed using cross-sectional data collected on 1024 residents from 25 neighborhoods in five urban cities in Ghana. Findings obtained find evidence to support the applicability of performance theory in the Ghanaian context. Findings from this study have both theoretical and practical implications and provide important insights for the police to enhance their performance and develop better relationship with the public.

scholarly journals Job demands when exhausted: the relationship between exhaustion and the perception of job demands mediated by self-undermining

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-50
Author(s):  
Lucia Rațiu ◽  
Ana-Maria Dobre
Keyword(s):  
Indirect Effect ◽  
Large Body ◽  
Job Demands ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Cross Sectional Design ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Practical Implications

There is a large body of literature devoted to factors that shape performance in organizations. Although much of this literature focuses on the relationships between job demands, job resources and performance, Bakker and his colleagues (2014; 2018) have recently drawn attention to self-undermining effects that can add support for a deeper understanding of such a relationship. The following contribution explores self-undermining related to exhaustion at work and its mediating role in the perception of three types of job demands in a sample of employees working in IT companies. More specifically, the paper draws on the concept of self-undermining to reflect on how it activates a loss cycle of job demands and potential negative reactions at work. We argue that (i) exhaustion has an indirect effect on the perception of job demands through self-undermining; and so on referring to each dimension of job demands: (ii) exhaustion has an indirect effect on the perception of workload through self-undermining; (iii) exhaustion has an indirect effect on the emotional load through self-undermining; (iv) exhaustion has an indirect effect on the cognitive load through self-undermining. In order to test the hypotheses, a cross-sectional design was employed. The regression analyses revealed that self-undermining mediated the relationship between exhaustion and the perception of workload meeting our expectations, and a significant indirect effect of exhaustion on the perception of job demands and emotional load. However, there is a need for future studies to generalize the results. Finally, theoretical and practical implications are discussed.

scholarly journals Developing Civil Servants’ Commitment to Share Knowledge and Implement Cost Reduction Policy: The Perspective of Malaysian Public Sector

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 38
Author(s):  
Mohamad Hisyam Selamat ◽  
Haliza Mazlin Abdul Halim ◽  
Foo Kok Soon
Keyword(s):  
Best Practices ◽  
Moral Obligation ◽  
Cost Reduction ◽  
Civil Servants ◽  
Public Organization ◽  
Public Agencies ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Public ◽  
Practical Implications

The present study is designed to propose values for developing civil servants’ commitment to share ideas on how to reduce public organization cost and in turn commitment to implement cost reduction policy in the workplace. If civil servants feel that they have a moral obligation in paying back the country through remain with the employing public agencies they become receptive towards cost reduction policy. To instil this moral obligation this study proposes the elements of means, attitude towards leaders and attitude towards government. The researchers have applied cross-sectional survey research to validate the framework. It is found that attitude towards government influenced the development of civil servants’ commitment to share knowledge in the workplace significantly. On the other hand, means and attitude towards government influenced the development of civil servants’ commitment to implement cost reduction policy in the workplace significantly. The practical implications are the discovery of theoretical, personal, and workplace practical best practices for the establishment of strategies to establish knowledge sharing commitment and cost reduction commitment amongst civil servants in the public organizations.

scholarly journals THE IMPACT ANALYSIS OF MOTIVATION, TRAINING, AND WORK ENVIRONMENT TO NURSES PERFORMANCE IN PATIENT SAFETY

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 54
Author(s):  
Fushen Fushen ◽  
Meylona Verawaty Zendrato
Keyword(s):  
Patient Safety ◽  
Work Environment ◽  
Public Hospital ◽  
Impact Analysis ◽  
Working Environment ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Public ◽  
Increasing Demand ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The Impact

The development of hospitals in health industry as economic institutions and the establishment of many new hospitals increase the number of nurses needed while the number of nurses produced cannot keep pace with the increasing demand. In hospital services, nurse is the most frequently interacted person with patients and are fully responsible for patient care, including in terms of patient safety. This study aims to obtain empirical evidence about the effect of motivation, training and work environment on the performance of nurses in patient safety in the Public Hospital. Expected output from this study can be used as a reference to determine the policy for nurse management at the hospital. This is a correlational analytic study with a cross-sectional approach and descriptive method of verification. The research was conducted in a Public Hospital in Jakarta. The research sample are 90 nurses working in inpatient wards. The hypothesis of this study were analyzed with path analysis methods. The results of this study showed a significant positive effect between motivation and performance (20.7%), training and performance (21.8%), working environment and performance (20.7%), and the simultaneous influence from motivation, training, and working environment on the performance (63.2% ).

scholarly journals Enabling the Participation in Public Organization Cost Reduction Policy Implementation through Civil Servants’ Affective Commitment

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Mohamad Hisyam Selamat ◽  
Rafeah Mat Saad ◽  
Rusdi @ Indra Zuhdi Murat ◽  
Foo Kok Soon
Keyword(s):  
Best Practices ◽  
Policy Implementation ◽  
Cost Reduction ◽  
Affective Commitment ◽  
Civil Servants ◽  
Public Organization ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Public ◽  
Practical Implications

The present study is designed to propose values for developing civil servants’ affective commitment to support public organization cost reduction policy implementation. The proposed values are faith, sincerity, trusting belief, trusting intention and emotional trust. The researchers have applied cross-sectional survey research to validate the framework. It is found that faith, sincerity and emotional trust influenced the development of civil servants’ affective commitment to support the implementation of public organization cost reduction policy significantly. The practical implications are the discovery of theoretical, personal, and workplace practical best practices for the establishment of strategies to reduce operational costs in the public organizations.

Fearfulness in the Community: Empirical Assessments of Influential Factors

2016 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 562-584 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francis D. Boateng
Keyword(s):  
Fear Of Crime ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Influential Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Theoretical Perspectives ◽  
Potential Impact ◽  
Attitudes Toward The Police ◽  
Residents Attitudes ◽  
Practical Implications ◽  
Neighborhood Level

Fear of crime has been well studied; however, there has yet not been widespread consideration of the potential impact of both individual- and neighborhood-level factors on residents’ level of fear of crime. From a logistic-regression analytical standpoint, the present study empirically explores the contribution of several factors in explaining residents’ propensity for being fearful of crime. Precisely, the study tests the applicability and generalizability of three theoretical perspectives of fear of crime in the Ghanaian context and examines the effects of residents’ attitudes toward the police on their levels of fear of crime. Using large-scale cross-sectional data collected on more than 1,000 residents from 25 neighborhoods in Ghana, the results demonstrate significant predictive effects of both individual- and neighborhood-level factors on citizens’ rate of fearfulness. Findings from this study have both theoretical and practical implications, and provide important insights for the police to reduce levels of fear of crime in the community.

Capability antecedents and performance outcomes of servitization

2017 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 444-467 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rui Sousa ◽  
Giovani J.C. da Silveira
Keyword(s):  
Performance Outcomes ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Business Units ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Gradual Development ◽  
Basic Services ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Large Survey ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to theoretically articulate and empirically test an integrated model of capability antecedents and performance outcomes of servitization strategies. The authors characterize servitization strategies based on the offering of two types of services: basic services (BAS) and advanced services (ADS). Design/methodology/approach Hypotheses are tested based on statistical analyses of a large survey of manufacturers from different countries and sectors. Findings The authors find that manufacturing capabilities associate with the provision of BAS, while service capabilities associate with both BAS and ADS; BAS do not impact financial performance, but support the offering of ADS; there seem to be naturally occurring servitization trajectories involving the gradual development of balanced levels of BAS and ADS and adequate levels of manufacturing and service capabilities. Research limitations/implications The findings on servitization trajectories are based on the observation of manufacturing business units at different stages of servitization (cross-sectional data). Practical implications Manufacturers wishing to servitize should distinguish between BAS and ADS and deploy a balanced adoption of BAS and ADS, using BAS as a platform. This should be accompanied with the building of appropriate capabilities. Originality/value This is one of the first studies to show an explicit link between different servitization strategies, capabilities, and servitization maturity. It provides new insights into the servitization paradox and servitization trajectories.

Characteristics of organizational culture in stimulating service innovation and performance

2019 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 224-238
Author(s):  
Seyedeh Khadijeh Taghizadeh ◽  
Syed Abidur Rahman ◽  
Md Mosharref Hossain ◽  
Md Masudul Haque
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Culture ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Service Innovation ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Service Market ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Bank Managers ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the influence of four organizational culture traits, consistency, cooperativeness, effectiveness and innovativeness, on radical and incremental type of service innovations, which leads to new service market performance (NSMP). Design/methodology/approach The data are collected through a cross-sectional survey of 171 bank managers in Bangladesh and analyzed through structural equation modelling using SmartPLS software. Findings The results reveal no impact of “consistency” as a cultural trait on “radical” and “incremental” service innovations. “Cooperativeness” and “innovativeness” impact incremental and radical service innovations positively. “Effectiveness” impacts radical service innovations positively. Radical and incremental service innovations impact NSMP significantly. Practical implications These findings add to the knowledge in terms of how organizational culture can make service innovations happen in the growing banking industry in a developing market. Originality/value The model links organizational culture traits (internal/external and flexibility/control focussed) with radical and incremental service innovation.

The role of sustainability practices in international port operations

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 125-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sihyun Kim ◽  
Bong Gyu Chiang
Keyword(s):  
Attitude Change ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Port Operations ◽  
Longitudinal Approach ◽  
The Difference ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose With increasing attention to sustainability in port operations, the purpose of this paper is to analyze the role of sustainability practice (SP) as a moderator on the relationships between competitiveness and performance in port operations. Design/methodology/approach To explore the specific route of SPs in managing competitiveness and performance, this study adopted the hierarchical moderated regression analysis. Additionally, to analyze the difference in the level of implementation of SP, alternative subgroup analysis was conducted via independent sample t-tests in SPSS 21. Findings Research results have shown the role of SPs in achieving outstanding port activities, which significantly moderates the relationship between competitiveness, particularly for operational efficiency and service quality, and performance. Research limitations/implications As this study is based on cross-sectional data, it does not tap any temporal attitude change, which would require a longitudinal approach. The authors contribute to filling a void between what is achievable and how sustainable practice contributes to managing competitiveness and performance, based on commercial port operations. Practical implications Results provide useful insights to establish the strategies to develop sustainable port operations and a strategic agenda to assist ports to incorporate SP. Originality/value Drawing on multiple theories, this study advances the role of SP by shedding new light on how it improves operational sustainability through strengthening the relationships between competitiveness and performance.

scholarly journals Analysis of Factors Affecting Nurse Performance in DKT Hospital Kediri Hospital

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 276-283
Author(s):  
Eko Lulus Budiyanto
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Climate ◽  
P Value ◽  
Sampling Techniques ◽  
Hospital Services ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
The Public ◽  
Regression Test ◽  
High Motivation ◽  
And Performance

Various complaints from the public regarding the performance of services in hospitals must be cared for by the managers and organizers of hospital services and while the factors that affect performance are satisfaction, compensation and the organization's environment. The general objective of this research is to analyze the influence of factors of satisfaction, compensation and organizational climate on the performance of nurses in the DKT Hospital of Kediri City. The research design used was cross sectional with questionnaire sheet instruments. The population of this study was 90 nurses. Samples were 74 using random sampling techniques, while to determine the effect between variables used ordinal regression test with a significant level of 0.05. Based on the results of the study, it was found that the organizational climate in the good category was 40 respondents (54.1%), compensation in the good category was 38 respondents (51.4%), had satisfaction in good categories as many as 54 respondents (73%), and performance in the category good as many as 48 respondents (64.9%). The results of data analysis showed the factors that most influence performance is the organizational climate with p value 0.003. Every nurse gets the opportunity to be able to carry out their duties as well as possible so that they have high motivation in working and increasing their productivity. And if the organization's organizational climate is able to build team spirit like this, then by itself it will support the creation of a conducive climate to support nurses performance

scholarly journals THE IMPACT ANALYSIS OF MOTIVATION, TRAINING, AND WORK ENVIRONMENT TO NURSES PERFORMANCE IN PATIENT SAFETY

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 54
Author(s):  
Fushen Fushen ◽  
Meylona Verawaty Zendrato
Keyword(s):  
Patient Safety ◽  
Work Environment ◽  
Public Hospital ◽  
Impact Analysis ◽  
Working Environment ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Public ◽  
Increasing Demand ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The Impact

The development of hospitals in health industry as economic institutions and the establishment of many new hospitals increase the number of nurses needed while the number of nurses produced cannot keep pace with the increasing demand. In hospital services, nurse is the most frequently interacted person with patients and are fully responsible for patient care, including in terms of patient safety. This study aims to obtain empirical evidence about the effect of motivation, training and work environment on the performance of nurses in patient safety in the Public Hospital. Expected output from this study can be used as a reference to determine the policy for nurse management at the hospital. This is a correlational analytic study with a cross-sectional approach and descriptive method of verification. The research was conducted in a Public Hospital in Jakarta. The research sample are 90 nurses working in inpatient wards. The hypothesis of this study were analyzed with path analysis methods. The results of this study showed a significant positive effect between motivation and performance (20.7%), training and performance (21.8%), working environment and performance (20.7%), and the simultaneous influence from motivation, training, and working environment on the performance (63.2% ).

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