Examining the Link between Drug Use Disorders and Crime among Chinese Drug Users Receiving Mandatory Detoxification and Treatment

2020 ◽  
pp. 001112872093951
Author(s):  
Spencer D. Li ◽  
Ruohui Zhao ◽  
Hongwei Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Drug Use ◽  
Drug Users ◽  
Chinese Drug ◽  
The West ◽  
Drug Use Disorders ◽  
Offending Behavior ◽  
Drug Detoxification ◽  
Potential Impact ◽  
Female Drug Users ◽  
The Relationship

Prior research has generated inconsistent results about the relationship between drug use and crime. To improve on previous research, this study focuses on drug use disorders as a predictor of crime and offending behavior specifically related to drug use to measure the potential impact of drug abuse and dependence. Through the analysis of data collected from 930 male and female drug users receiving mandatory treatment in two drug detoxification centers in China, the current study finds that drug use disorders significantly predict drug-related crime. The results provide an empirical validation of the findings from the West that drug use disorders and crime are positively related.

scholarly journals Suicide Attempts and Perceived Social Support among Chinese Drug Users: The Mediating Role of Self-Esteem and Depression

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 208
Author(s):  
Yali Deng ◽  
Xuemeng Li ◽  
Liu Liu ◽  
Wing Hong Chui
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Drug Users ◽  
Protective Factor ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Perceived Social Support ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Influential Factors ◽  
Chinese Drug ◽  
Severe Problem ◽  
The Relationship

Suicidal behavior is a severe problem among drug users. This study examines influential factors related to suicide attempts and analyzes possible mediators of the relationship between perceived social support and suicide attempts amongst Chinese drug users under compulsory institutional drug treatment. Taking perceived social support as the independent variable, we found that the relationship between suicide attempts and perceived social support is mediated by self-esteem as a protective factor and depression as a risk factor. Path analysis shows that self-esteem contributes relatively more to the indirect effects than depression does, accounting for 31.1% and 24.2% of the total effect, respectively. Generally speaking, the findings of this study point to an urgent need for addressing suicide attempts among Chinese drug users while treating self-esteem as the protective factor that deserves as substantial attention as depression receives.

Protective and Risk Predictors in the Development of Drug Use

1996 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
József Gerevich ◽  
Erika Bácskai
Keyword(s):  
Drug Use ◽  
Protective Factors ◽  
Drug Users ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Two Samples ◽  
The Family ◽  
Risk Predictors ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Addictive Drug

The authors examined the relationship of two dimensions of the theory of social development—vulnerability (predictors, risk factors) and protectivity—in two samples, schoolchildren aged ten to fifteen years and addictive drug users. On the basis of the Hirschi model of protective factors, they found that the most important protective factors (attachment, commitment, involvement, belief) act against substance use. A surprising finding was that among the predictors of the addicts some forms of escape from the family act against the development of drug use, that is, they can be regarded as a protective predictor. The findings of the study draw attention to the complexity of the vulnerability-protectivity relationship and to the need for further research.

scholarly journals Trends of the incidence of drug use disorders from 1990 to 2017: an analysis based on the Global Burden of Disease 2017 data

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhenyu Pan ◽  
Jun Zhang ◽  
Hua Cheng ◽  
Qingting Bu ◽  
Na Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Use ◽  
Incidence Rate ◽  
Data Exchange ◽  
Gaussian Process Regression ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Drug Use Disorders ◽  
Query Tool ◽  
Incident Cases ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Aim Drug use disorders are an important issue worldwide. Systematic attempts to estimate the global incidence of drug use disorders are rare. We aimed to determine the incidence of drug use disorders and their trends. Methods We obtained the annual incident cases and age-standardised incidence rate (ASR) of drug use disorders from 1990 to 2017 using the Global Health Data Exchange query tool. The estimated annual percentage changes of the ASR were used to quantify and evaluate the trends in the incidence rate. Gaussian process regression and the Pearson's correlation coefficient were used to assess the relationship between the ASR and socio-demographic index (SDI). Results The number of drug use disorders’ cases increased by 33.5% from 1990 to 2017 globally, whereas the ASR exhibited a stable trend. The ASR was higher in men than in women. Most cases (53.1%) of drug use disorders involved opioid. A positive association (ρ=0.35, p < 0.001) was found between ASR and SDI. Teenagers aged 15–19 years had the highest incidence rate. Conclusions The incident cases of drug use disorders were increasing, but the incidence rate did not change significantly from 1990 to 2017. Current preventive measures and policies for drug use disorders might have little effect. The present results suggest that future strategies should focus on men, teenagers and high-risk regions in order to improve the current status of drug use disorders.

Drug use and HIV risk in Trinidad and Tobago: qualitative study

2002 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 633-639 ◽  
Author(s):  
D Djumalieva ◽  
W Imamshah ◽  
U Wagner ◽  
O Razum
Keyword(s):  
Drug Use ◽  
Trinidad And Tobago ◽  
Drug Users ◽  
Peer Pressure ◽  
Sexual Practices ◽  
Oral Sex ◽  
Care Seeking ◽  
Rehabilitation Care ◽  
The Family ◽  
Female Drug Users

Crack use is an important risk factor for HIV infection because of its association with unsafe sexual practices. We investigated factors promoting the initiation of crack cocaine use; the sexual behaviour of crack users; and their rehabilitation care seeking behaviour in Trinidad and Tobago. We conducted 40 indepth interviews with drug users. Respondents frequently reported a history of parental desertion, alcohol abuse, and physical abuse within the family. They perceived peer pressure and drug use in the family as important factors promoting first drug use. Exchanging sex for drugs was common, and practising oral sex was considered safe. Female drug users rarely seek rehabilitative care because of stigmatization and lack of care for their children. In Trinidad, attitudes towards drugs in society and families need to be changed. Campaigns promoting safer sex should emphasize the risk of oral sex. Rehabilitation facilities caring for female drug users should offer child care.

The Relationship between Assertiveness, Conformity, and Drug Use

1981 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
John M. Williams ◽  
Albert J. Scott ◽  
John K. Stout ◽  
Robert Hertzel
Keyword(s):  
Drug Use ◽  
University Students ◽  
Drug Users ◽  
Hard Drug ◽  
The Relationship

This study examined the relationship between the assertiveness, conformity, and drug use of sixteen (n = 16) university students. Subjects were exposed to a series of ten conformity tasks based on Asch's classic paradigm. The College Self-Expression Scale and the Tentative Drug Use Scale were administered. Assertiveness and conformity scores were blocked on alcohol-marijuana and “hard” drug-use. One-way analyses of variance revealed that alcohol-marijuana users were less assertive and more compliant than “hard” drug users.

scholarly journals Relationship between Stress Symptoms and Drug use among Secondary Students

2013 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iracema Francisco Frade ◽  
Denise De Micheli ◽  
André Luiz Monezi Andrade ◽  
Maria Lucia Oliveira de Souza-Formigoni
Keyword(s):  
Drug Use ◽  
Secondary Students ◽  
Family Relationships ◽  
Drug Users ◽  
Academic Problems ◽  
Early Screening ◽  
Stress Symptoms ◽  
Brazilian Students ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Middle Class Families

AbstractThe aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between drug use and four kinds of stress symptoms in 954 Brazilian students from the 6thto the 11thgrades, in 4 public and 5 private schools in the city of Sao Paulo. Based on their answers to the Drug Use Screening Inventory (DUSI-R) and to the Stress Scale for Adolescents (SSA), we compared regular drug users with non/occasional drug users regarding the frequency of four kinds of stress symptoms (psychological, cognitive, physiological, interpersonal), and the period in which it happened. When compared to non/occasional drug users, regular drug users presented higher levels of psychological, cognitive and physiological symptoms of stress and these symtoms were in the most severe spectrum of severity (near to exhaustion and exhaustion). The association between drug use and stress was even stronger in the youngest age group (11 to 13 years old). Most of the regular drug users were 16 years old and over, from upper-middle class families, had poor family relationships and more academic problems. These results confirm the association between drug use and stress in adolescents and highlight the need for early screening and intervention in both drug use and stressful situations.

scholarly journals Social Stability and Unmet Health Care Needs in a Community-Based Sample of Women Who Use Drugs

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 233339282110486
Author(s):  
Ellesse-Roselee L. Akré ◽  
Daniel J. Marthey ◽  
Chisom Ojukwu ◽  
Casey Ottenwaelder ◽  
Megan Comfort ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Drug Users ◽  
Healthcare Services ◽  
Access To Healthcare ◽  
Social Stability ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Female Drug Users ◽  
Women Who Use Drugs ◽  
The Relationship

Objective To examine the relationship between social stability and access to healthcare services among a community-based sample of adult female drug users. Methods We developed a measure of social stability and examined its relationship to health care access. Data came from a cross-sectional sample of female drug users (N = 538) in Oakland, CA who were interviewed between September 2014 and August 2015. We categorized women as having low (1-5), medium (6-10), or high (11-16) social stability based on the tertile of the index sample distribution. We then used ordered logistic regression to examine the relationship between social stability and self-reported access to mental health services and medical care. Results Compared with women in the low stability group, those with high stability experienced a 58% decline in the odds of needed but unmet mental health services [AOR: 0.42; 95% C.I.: 0.26, 0.69] and a 68% decline in the odds of unmet medical care [AOR: 0.32; 95% C.I.: 0.19, 0.54] after adjusting for confounders. The coefficients we observed reduced in size at higher levels of the stability index suggesting a positive association between social experiences and access to healthcare services. Conclusion Women who use drugs are at increased risk of adverse health outcomes and often experience high levels of unmet healthcare needs. Our study highlights the importance of addressing social determinants of health and suggests that improving social factors such as housing stability and personal safety may support access to healthcare among female drug users.

Heroin Use and Street Crime

1979 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 335-346 ◽  
Author(s):  
James A. Inciardi
Keyword(s):  
Drug Use ◽  
Drug Users ◽  
Criminal Activity ◽  
Street Crime ◽  
Heroin Use ◽  
Heroin Users ◽  
The Relationship

The relationship between heroin use and street crime has been studied for the better part of this century, but the findings have been inconclusive. Research in this area has been limited to analyses of criminality in terms of arrest data, and samples have been drawn only from officially known populations of drug users. The present study focuses on a sample of 356 active heroin users from Miami, Florida, and data have been collected de scribing their officially known and self-reported criminal activity. The data indicate that, while active heroin users are heavily involved in street crime, any relationship between drug use and crime is much more complex than has been generally believed. The findings of the research suggest that the wrong questions may have been asked in previous studies of the drugs/crime nexus.

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