Employee Characteristics and Representation Election Outcomes

ILR Review ◽  
1985 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 365-376 ◽  
Author(s):  
James E. Martin
Keyword(s):  
Public Sector ◽  
Trade Union ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Election Campaigns ◽  
Representation Election ◽  
Job Level ◽  
The Public ◽  
Labor Organizations ◽  
Employee Characteristics

This article proposes and tests a model to predict the outcome of representation elections contested by trade union and employee association types of labor organizations in the public sector. The author hypothesizes that the winners of such elections can be predicted from variables measuring individual characteristics of the potential employee voters, such as gender, race, age, seniority, and job level. Application of the model to data on five elections in Michigan predicts four correctly. Qualitative data offers further support for the model, suggesting that employee characteristics and also the length and nature of the election campaigns helped determine the outcome of the elections.

scholarly journals Trade Union Practices in the EU and Latvia: Experience for Eastern Partnership Countries

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 99-118
Author(s):  
Sergejs Stacenko ◽  
Biruta Sloka
Keyword(s):  
Public Sector ◽  
Trade Union ◽  
Trade Unions ◽  
Industrial Relations ◽  
Comparative Approach ◽  
Eastern Partnership ◽  
The Public ◽  
Social Dialogue ◽  
Eastern Partnership Countries ◽  
The Eu

AbstractThe article will show major dimensions in the experience of EU Member States that could be shared with the Eastern Partnership (EaP) countries. The framework of the study is the EU concept of trade unions in social dialogue and social partnership in the public sector. This study outlines the concept of social dialogue as a core element of industrial relations and will focus on industrial relations specifically in the public sector. The authors have elaborated the approach to industrial relations and social dialogue taking into account comparative approach to definitions provided by international institutions such as ILO and OECD, as well as institutions in the EU and Latvia. Latvia is also a case study for Eastern Partnership countries as these countries and their trade unions are in a transition period from socialist structures to structures that possess liberal economies. Trade unions in these countries are members of the International Trade Union Confederation. The major transformation that trade unions underwent from being part of the socialist system and becoming an independent institution since Latvia regained independence in 1991 has been studied. The paper discusses the current developments related to the position of Latvian Free Trade Union Federation in the system of decision-making process related to the public administration management. Finally, the prospective role of trade unions in the EU and in Latvia is analysed and possible revitalisation of trade union is discussed. This approach could be applied to the Eastern Partners of the EU.

scholarly journals The Impact of the Employment Relations Act 2000 on Collective Bargaining

1970 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brett Lineham ◽  
Louise Fawthorpe ◽  
Boaz Shulruf ◽  
Stephen Blumenfeld ◽  
Roopali Johri
Keyword(s):  
Public Sector ◽  
Collective Bargaining ◽  
Private Sector ◽  
Administrative Data ◽  
Union Membership ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Employment Relations ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Impact

This study carried out by the Department of Labour in 2007/08 aims to assess whether there have been any significant changes in the coverage of collective bargaining that can be attributed to the Employment Relations Act 2000. The research draws on administrative data relating to union membership and collective bargaining coverage, as well as qualitative data from employers, employees, union representatives and other employment relations stakeholders. The research shows that collective bargaining has yet to regain pre Employment Relations Act levels. Collective bargaining remains concentrated in the public sector, with low density in the private sector. The study concludes that the effects of the Act on collective bargaining are chiefly observed in the recovery of collective bargaining in the public sector, and the continued decline (in general) in the private sector. The research offers no indications that these patterns will change.  

Public Sector Unions, Corporatism, and Macroeconomic Performance

1999 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 411-434 ◽  
Author(s):  
GEOFFREY GARRETT ◽  
CHRISTOPHER WAY
Keyword(s):  
Public Sector ◽  
Trade Union ◽  
Market Competition ◽  
Labor Movements ◽  
Macroeconomic Performance ◽  
The Public ◽  
Union Movement ◽  
Public Sector Unions ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

What accounts for the apparent breakdown of the positive relationship between powerful trade union organizations and macroeconomic performance? Is corporatism a relic of a different age, a luxury of the long postwar boom? Although the authors answer the latter question in the negative, they do contend that existing arguments about the macroeconomic consequences of corporatism should be significantly modified to take into account the impact of the growth of public sector unions on the relationship between institutional structure of labor movements and economic outcomes. The deteriorating performance commonly attributed to corporatism in the 1980s was limited to countries in which unions in the public sector and other sectors not exposed to international competition increasingly dominated national labor movements. Encompassing trade union movements can still generate wage restraint, but only where the union movement is dominated by unions in the exposed sector that are subject to the constraints posed by international market competition.

Do Top Managers’ Individual Characteristics Affect Accounting Manipulation in the Public Sector?

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 465-484 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eugenio Anessi-Pessina ◽  
Mariafrancesca Sicilia
Keyword(s):  
Public Sector ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Financial Data ◽  
Local Elections ◽  
Upper Echelons ◽  
The Public ◽  
Upper Echelons Theory ◽  
Top Managers

Abstract Drawing on upper echelons theory, the article investigates the potential impact of top managers’ background and demographic characteristics and personality traits on organizational decisions in the public sector. The top-management figure being investigated is the municipal chief financial officer (CFO) and the specific organizational decision under analysis is the extent of revenue misrepresentation during both budget formulation and execution. The empirical setting is provided by the CFOs of Italian municipalities with populations above 15,000 over a 3-year period (2012–14). Financial data are drawn from existing databases. Non-financial data are collected through an online survey. The results show that top managers’ individual characteristics and traits do influence the extent of accounting manipulation. In particular, revenue misrepresentation was found to be smaller in the presence of female managers, managers with degrees in business administration, and managers describing themselves as “conscientious”. These effects on accounting manipulation were moderated by auditors’ and opposition councilors’ oversight, managers’ experience, and the presence of local elections. The article extends upper echelons theory and its applications in several directions: from the private to the public context, from CEOs to CFOs, from managerial decisions in general to accounting choices, and from background and demographic variables to personality traits.

scholarly journals DETERMINANTS OF EFFECTIVE PROCUREMENT PERFORMANCE AMONG DONOR FUNDED PROJECTS IN THE PUBLIC SECTOR IN KENYA

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
DOUGLAS MUTUA ◽  
Dr. GEORGE OCHIRI
Keyword(s):  
Resource Allocation ◽  
Public Sector ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Public Institutions ◽  
The Public ◽  
Descriptive Research ◽  
Depth Study ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Procurement Planning ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

Purpose: The purpose of the study was to examine the determinants of effective procurement performance among donor funded projects in the public sector in Kenya with an aim of making recommendations on proper use of effective procurement performance practices.Methodology: This research study adopted a descriptive research design approach. The researcher preferred this method because it allows an in-depth study of the subject. To gather data, structured questionnaire was used to collect data from 126 procurement staff in the various departments in the ministry of agriculture. Once collected, data was analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Quantitative data was analyzed using multiple regression analysis. The qualitative data generated was analyzed by use of Statistical Package of Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20.Results: The findings of the study indicated that staff competency, resource allocation, procurement planning and contract management have a positive relationship with effective procurement performance among donor funded projects in the public sector.Conclusion: Based on the study findings, the study concludes that procurement performance among donor funded projects can be improved by staff competency, resource allocation, and procurement planning and contract management.Policy recommendation: The study recommended that public institutions should embrace effective procurement performance so as to improve procurement performance and further researches should to be carried out in other public institutions to find out if the same results can be obtained.

scholarly journals An empirical study of ransomware attacks on organizations: an assessment of severity and salient factors affecting vulnerability

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lena Yuryna Connolly ◽  
David S Wall ◽  
Michael Lang ◽  
Bruce Oddson
Keyword(s):  
Public Sector ◽  
North America ◽  
Empirical Study ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
The Public ◽  
Private Sector Organizations ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Degree Of Severity ◽  
Significant Bearing

Abstract This study looks at the experiences of organizations that have fallen victim to ransomware attacks. Using quantitative and qualitative data of 55 ransomware cases drawn from 50 organizations in the UK and North America, we assessed the severity of the crypto-ransomware attacks experienced and looked at various factors to test if they had an influence on the degree of severity. An organization’s size was found to have no effect on the degree of severity of the attack, but the sector was found to be relevant, with private sector organizations feeling the pain much more severely than those in the public sector. Moreover, an organization’s security posture influences the degree of severity of a ransomware attack. We did not find that the attack target (i.e. human or machine) or the crypto-ransomware propagation class had any significant bearing on the severity of the outcome, but attacks that were purposefully directed at specific victims wreaked more damage than opportunistic ones.

Who becomes a public sector employee?

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 567-579 ◽  
Author(s):  
Terhi Maczulskij
Keyword(s):  
Public Sector ◽  
Private Sector ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Genetic Factors ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Public ◽  
Public Sector Employment ◽  
Public Sector Employee ◽  
Sector Employee

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the extent to which individual characteristics are related to the decision to become a public sector employee using twin study data matched with register-based, individual-level panel data for the 1991-2009 period. Design/methodology/approach The probability of public sector entry is examined using fixed effects logit regression to control for shared environmental and genetic factors. Findings The results show that unobserved factors partially explain the well-documented relationships between many individual characteristics and public sector employment choice. However, the results also show that highly educated and more extraverted individuals are more likely to enter public sector employment, even when both shared environmental and genetic factors are controlled for. Workers also tend to exit the private sector to enter the public sector at lower wage levels. Originality/value The twin design used in this paper represents a contribution to the existing literature. This paper is also the first to examine the probability of entry into the public sector instead of comparing public sector workers with private sector workers.

What Makes Performance-Related Pay Effective in the Public Sector? Target, Pay Design, and Context

2021 ◽  
pp. 0734371X2199072
Author(s):  
Jinsol Park
Keyword(s):  
Public Sector ◽  
Organizational Performance ◽  
Organizational Context ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Organizational Outcomes ◽  
Successful Implementation ◽  
Organizational Contexts ◽  
The Public ◽  
Public Managers ◽  
Employee Characteristics

While performance-related pay (PRP) has been implemented in most OECD countries over the past four decades, its effectiveness is still up for debate. What is under-investigated in the previous literature is under what conditions the public sector can effectively implement an optimal design of a PRP system. This study investigates how the target of PRP, the design of performance pay, and organizational context affect the effectiveness of PRP. The findings indicate that PRP has a positive association with organizational performance but the aspects of performance it affects differ depending on to whom it is implemented and how PRP is designed. This study also finds that the positive effect of PRP for top executives is attenuated if organizational outcomes are not easily observable. This article suggests that public managers should pay careful attention to employee characteristics, pay design, and organizational contexts for the successful implementation of PRP in the public sector.

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