scholarly journals Part-time employment as a way to increase women’s employment: (Where) does it work?

2019 ◽  
Vol 60 (4) ◽  
pp. 249-268
Author(s):  
Paolo Barbieri ◽  
Giorgio Cutuli ◽  
Raffaele Guetto ◽  
Stefani Scherer
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
National Level ◽  
Causal Link ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Female Employment ◽  
Time Varying ◽  
Regional Labor Market ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
Employment Participation ◽  
Part Time

Part-time employment has repeatedly been proposed as a solution for integrating women into the labor market; however, empirical evidence supporting a causal link is mixed. In this text, we investigate the extent to which increasing part-time employment is a valid means of augmenting women’s labor market participation. We pay particular attention to the institutional context and the related characteristics of part-time employment in European countries to test the conditions under which this solution is a viable option. The results reveal that part-time employment may strengthen female employment in Continental Europe and especially in Southern Europe, where an increase in part-time employment—even if it is demand-side driven—leads to greater employment participation among women. We also discuss some policy implications and trade-offs: Although part-time work can lead to higher numbers of employed women, it does so at the cost of increasing gendered labor market segregation. We analyze data from the European Labor Force Survey (EU-LFS) 1992–2011 for 19 countries and 188 regions and exploit regional variation over time while controlling for time-constant regional characteristics, time-varying regional labor market features, and (time-varying) confounding factors at the national level.

scholarly journals Gender labor asymmetry: regional dimension (Empirical research)

2021 ◽  
pp. 60-76
Author(s):  
Vera Gnevasheva ◽  
Chulpan Ildarhanova
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Federal District ◽  
Self Determination ◽  
Female Employment ◽  
General Situation ◽  
Women's Employment ◽  
Decent Work ◽  
Women’S Employment ◽  
Global Trends ◽  
Regional Labor Market

Women’s labor behavior is a factor in demographic self-determination, which means it is inextricably linked with the formation of the future labor market, both quantitatively and qualitatively. Modern theoretical, empirical, methodological approaches to the study of female employment are faced with the need to assess the significant phenomenon of gender asymmetry of labor. The importance of this issue is underlined by the multitude of studies conducted at the international level on the study of discrimination in the labor market, the quality of women’s employment, decent work assessments, and aspects of professional segregation. The current statistical base requires a more detailed, on the one hand, and, on the other hand, a more comprehensive, inclusive consideration of women’s employment issues, especially the emerging trends in their labor behavior, especially in the context of considering this socioeconomic phenomenon as a factor of demographic self-determination. The article presents the results of an empirical analysis of imbalances in the regional labor market of the Volga Federal District as a whole in comparison with the general situation and global trends in the labor market and the Republic of Tatarstan in particular.

scholarly journals What Does In-Work Poverty Mean for Women: Comparing the Gender Employment Segregation in Belgium and China

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (20) ◽  
pp. 5725 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinghong Liu
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Gender Ideology ◽  
Working Poor ◽  
Female Employment ◽  
Labor Market Institutions ◽  
The Public ◽  
Employment Participation ◽  
The Public Sphere ◽  
National Profile ◽  
Explicit Measures

This article presents an analysis of the female working poor in relation to gender employment segregation. It draws a cross-national profile of the female working poor in Belgium and China: two different nations with distinct stories of socio-economic development and cultural heritage, while both are characterized by high female employment participation. Analyses show that (1) women share a higher proportion among the total working poor population in both nations during recent years, whereas (2) in-work poverty has been a chronic condition, particularly among female workers in low-quality jobs. Thus, to some extent, labor market institutions may shape this gendered tendency of in-work poverty. In this article, women’s position in the public sphere in relation to employment segregation is discussed, and a contextual analysis identifies the causes of gender employment segregation. The results shed light on the crucial role of gender employment segregations related to in-work poverty and show that gender ideology and stereotypes do matter in explaining such employment differences. We argue that the promotion of female participation should be combined with explicit measures to reduce the disadvantageous position of women in the labor market.

Analysis method ofrecruitment needs for the regional economy: Occupational section

2017 ◽  
pp. 142-149 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Pitukhin ◽  
S. Shabaeva ◽  
I. Stepus ◽  
D. Moroz
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Labor Market ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Regional Economy ◽  
Dimensional Space ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
Scalar Form ◽  
Regional Labor Market ◽  
Regional Labor ◽  
Regional Specificity

The paper deals with comparative analysis of occupations in the regional labor market. Occupation is treated as a multi-dimensional space of characte- ristics, whereas a scalar form of a characteristic makes it possible to carry out a comparative analysis of occupations. Using cluster analysis of a pilot region indicators five meaningfully interpretable clusters of occupations were identified, reflecting their regional specificity.

A Social Investment Turn in East Asia?

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timo Fleckenstein ◽  
Soohyun Christine Lee
Keyword(s):  
Welfare State ◽  
East Asia ◽  
Family Policy ◽  
Welfare States ◽  
Low Fertility ◽  
Female Employment ◽  
Industrial Workers ◽  
Social Investment ◽  
Investment Policies ◽  
Employment Participation

The welfare states of Japan, South Korea, and Taiwan were built by conservative elites to serve the project of late industrialization, and for this reason the East Asian developmental welfare state focused its resources on those who were deemed most important for economic development (especially male industrial workers). Starting in the 1990s and increasingly since the 2000s, the developmental welfare state has experienced a far-reaching transformation, including the expansion of family policy to address the post-industrial challenges of female employment participation and low fertility. This chapter assesses social investment policies in East Asia, with a focus on family policy and on the South Korean case, where the most comprehensive rise of social investment policies were observed.

Understanding Indicator Choice for the Assessment of RD&D Financing of Low-Carbon Energy Technologies

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonas Sonnenschein
Keyword(s):  
Nordic Countries ◽  
Additional Research ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Research Development ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Energy Technologies ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
Standard Set ◽  
Low Carbon Energy

Rapid decarbonization requires additional research, development, and demonstration of low-carbon energy technologies. Various financing instruments are in place to support this development. They are frequently assessed through indicator-based evaluations. There is no standard set of indicators for this purpose. This study looks at the Nordic countries, which are leading countries with respect to eco-innovation. Different indicators to assess financing instruments are analysed with respect to their acceptance, the ease of monitoring, and their robustness. None of the indicators emerges as clearly superior from the analysis. Indicator choice is subject to trade-offs and leaves room for steering evaluation results in a desired direction. The study concludes by discussing potential policy implications of biases in indicator-based evaluation.

scholarly journals Risk, Recessions and Resilience: Towards Sustainable Local Labor Markets through Employment Portfolio Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (14) ◽  
pp. 7926
Author(s):  
Bharman Gulati ◽  
Stephan Weiler
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Labor Markets ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
The United States ◽  
Local Economy ◽  
Local Labor Markets ◽  
Local Labor Market ◽  
Business Survival ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
New Business

This paper explores the role of local labor market dynamics on the survival of new businesses. The characteristics of the local labor market are likely to influence the survival of new businesses, the level of entrepreneurship, and the resilience of the regional economy. We apply portfolio theory to evaluate employment-based and income-based measures of risk-and-return trade-offs in local labor markets on new business survival in the United States. Our results show that volatility in local labor markets has a positive impact on new business survival, especially in Metropolitan Statistical Areas. The results are robust across different timeframes, including during economic downturns, thus highlighting the contribution of new businesses in developing the resilience of the local economy, and further promoting sustainable regional economic development.

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