Explaining differences in ministerial ménages à trois: multiple bargains in Belgium and Denmark

2013 ◽  
Vol 79 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian de Visscher ◽  
Heidi Houlberg Salomonsen
Keyword(s):  
Public Service ◽  
Functional Differentiation ◽  
Civil Servants ◽  
Mutual Respect ◽  
Institutional Rules ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Political Appointments ◽  
The Relationship

While special advisers play an important role in most Western governments, the research on the subject is limited. This article aims to explain variations in the ménage à trois relationships between ministers, senior civil servants and special advisers in two different politico-administrative systems. The theoretical starting point is to conceptualize and explain such trilateral relationships as multiple Public Service Bargains. We find that the differences in Public Service Bargains generate differences in these ménages à trois relationships, resulting in different types of functional differentiation as well as differences in the degree of cooperation vis-à-vis conflict. These differences are primarily the result of differences in the interests as well as formal, institutional rules and the competencies of the actors involved. The empirical data include documents as well as interviews with and questionnaires completed by senior civil servants. The countries compared are Belgium and Denmark. Points for practitioners Our study confirms that it is important for a ‘ménage à trois’ (ministers, special advisers, SCSs) ‘… to spell out the terms of the bargain applying to political advisers (…)’ ( Hood and Lodge, 2006 : 128) in order to regulate the relationship between special advisers and SCSs and avoid potential conflicts among them. In addition, the study shows that the number of political appointments plays a role in the relationship. Finally, the study shows that clear differences in the competencies brought to the bargain by the two types of agent may ensure cooperation and mutual respect, whereas an overlapping of competencies may cause rivalry.

scholarly journals Code of conduct of the province administration employees

2007 ◽  
Vol 79 (9) ◽  
pp. 194-209
Author(s):  
Zoran Bašić
Keyword(s):  
Human Resources ◽  
Civil Service ◽  
Code Of Conduct ◽  
Civil Servants ◽  
Personal Integrity ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Provincial Administration ◽  
Autonomous Province ◽  
The Relationship

In this article, the motives and explanations for making The Code of Conduct for employees in the administration of Autonomous Province of Vojvodina and proposals for content of that code, in form of theses, are given in six parts. In the first part common considerations on the characteristics of ethical rules are layed out. In the second one, the basic reasons and purpose for codification and implementation of ethical rules for employees in provincial administration are given. The third one contains considerations on the subject the codification of ethical rules is aimed at and on the process of internalization of those rules. In the fourth one, the content of ethical rules is proposed, related to the regulation of behavior of civil servants and relationships in provincial administration regarding the development of human resources and insurance of the personal integrity of civil servants, as well as establishing rules relating to the relationship to the work in civil service and to the civil service, to mutual relationships between civil servants and their relationships to citizens and to the publicity. In the fifth part the content of ethical rules regarding the relationships of civil servants to corruption behaviour is proposed. The sixth part contains the reasons and basic guidelines for making and implementing The Code of conduct for employees in provincial administration.

The Relationship between Self-Perceived Generic Competences and Entrepreneurial Intention

2012 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 217-227 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marja-Liisa Kakkonen
Keyword(s):  
International Student ◽  
Business Students ◽  
Entrepreneurial Intention ◽  
Bachelor's Degree ◽  
Entrepreneurial Intentions ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Generic Competences ◽  
Written Assignments ◽  
The Relationship

This paper reports on a qualitative study in Finland of the relationship between self-perceived generic competences and the entrepreneurial intentions of business students when they started their Bachelor's degree studies. The study was based on course-related written assignments of one international student group. The findings illustrated three different types of student competence profiles: independent achievers, social team players and dependent individuals; and they also created a starting point for the later examination of competence development.

The Relationship Between Disturbance of Liver Function and Mental Disease

1940 ◽  
Vol 86 (362) ◽  
pp. 514-525 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Berkenau
Keyword(s):  
Liver Function ◽  
Mental Disease ◽  
The Body ◽  
General Metabolism ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Liver Tests

The purpose of this paper is to attempt to correlate results obtained from liver tests with the nosological demarcation of psychoses. The knowledge of the outstanding importance of the liver in general metabolism (it provides 12% of the turnover of energy of the body) and of its relation to some organic diseases of brain has been the subject of numerous investigations. Expectation of finding the starting-point of any disease in the liver, however, will at first not be placed too high if one recollects that every gland is only part of a system. Even where the symptoms of liver or other glandular impairment are characteristic for limited groups of psychoses deductions must be guarded, and the discovery of an unequivocal bodily symptom does not mean elucidation of the aetiology of a mental disease.

scholarly journals Regulating contemporary children’s television: how digitisation is re-shaping compliance norms and production practices

2017 ◽  
Vol 163 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Potter
Keyword(s):  
Young Children ◽  
Risk Aversion ◽  
Public Service ◽  
Children's Television ◽  
Public Concern ◽  
State Regulations ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Production Practices ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Live Action

Since its inception, the relationship between television and the child audience has been the subject of public concern and regulatory attention. Little is known, however, about the recent impact of digitisation on the unfashionable but influential practice of television compliance, that is, the industry’s application of state regulations and broadcasters’ own editorial standards to children’s programmes. Drawing on extended interviews with broadcasters and producers, this article maps developing trends in UK and Australian compliance systems, focusing on their impact on the children’s television produced by public service broadcasters. It demonstrates that multi-platform delivery and dedicated children’s channels have caused a re-calibration of compliance standards, encouraging conservatism and risk aversion in programme production. Furthermore, as public service broadcasters abandon their efforts to attract teenage viewers, the live action drama series at which Australian producers have traditionally excelled are far less likely to be commissioned because their content and themes are considered unsuitable for young children.

Perception of Loudness and Musical Preference: Comparison of Musicians and Nonmusicians

1992 ◽  
Vol 74 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1149-1150 ◽  
Author(s):  
David M. Hoover ◽  
Salvatore Cullari
Keyword(s):  
Neutral Stimulus ◽  
Musical Preference ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Musical Selection

To estimate the relationship between musical preference and perceived loudness, 25 subjects, musicians and nonmusicians, were asked to match the loudness of a neutral stimulus to a given musical selection. Ten different types of music were used; each was rated for likability by the subject. Over-all analysis of loudness ratings indicated that nonmusicians were more accurate in matching loudness of a neutral stimulus with the musical selections. This finding suggests differences in loudness perception between musicians and nonmusicians. Both groups were most accurate on the selection which could be inferred as most familiar.

scholarly journals Towards a Better Understanding on the Relationship between Knowledge Sharing and Public Service Motivation

2020 ◽  
pp. 41-67
Author(s):  
Usman Madugu ◽  
Halimah Abdul Manaf ◽  
Syarfa Ayuni Nasir ◽  
Sharmaine Sakthi Ananthan ◽  
Mega Hidayati
Keyword(s):  
Social Justice ◽  
Best Practices ◽  
Knowledge Sharing ◽  
Public Service ◽  
Public Service Motivation ◽  
Civil Servants ◽  
Public Servants ◽  
Public Interests ◽  
Civic Duty ◽  
The Relationship

Knowledge sharing has been acknowledged as the right mechanism for public servants to share best practices in performing work among workers. The sharing of best practices on learning by actions (doing) seems to enhance motivation among public servants to provide quality services. Thus, the purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between knowledge sharing and public service motivation among civil servants in the Department of Student Affairs, UiTM Merlimau and Public Works Department (JKR), Jasin, Malaysia. A total of 150 questionnaires were distributed but only 118 questionnaires were validly returned and used. The findings demonstrate that the level of knowledge sharing practices in both organisations is at moderate level. Pearson correlation analysis shows that policy making, commitment to public interests, social justice, civic duty, compassion and self-sacrifice have significant relationships with knowledge sharing practices. Meanwhile, multiple regression analysis reveals that only commitment to public interests, social justice as well as civic duty significantly influence the practices of knowledge sharing. The findings conclude that knowledge sharing is key element used by civil servants in producing public service motivation.

scholarly journals Artificial moral agents: an intercultural perspective

2007 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 129-134
Author(s):  
Michael Nagenborg
Keyword(s):  
Poor Countries ◽  
Moral Agents ◽  
Artificial Moral Agents ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Good Starting Point ◽  
Cultural Dialogue ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

In this paper I will argue that artificial moral agents (AMAs) are a fitting subject of intercultural information ethics because of the impact they may have on the relationship between information rich and information poor countries. I will give a limiting definition of AMAs first, and discuss two different types of AMAs with different implications from an intercultural perspective. While AMAs following preset rules might raise con-cerns about digital imperialism, AMAs being able to adjust to their user‘s behavior will lead us to the question what makes an AMA ?moral?? I will argue that this question does present a good starting point for an inter-cultural dialogue which might be helpful to overcome the notion of Africa as a mere victim.

scholarly journals Pedagogical basis of personnel training for the public service

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
М.М. Владимирова ◽  
Ф.Г. Мухаметзянова ◽  
А.Ш. Яруллина
Keyword(s):  
Professional Development ◽  
Public Service ◽  
Civil Servants ◽  
Professional Activity ◽  
Russian Society ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Additional Education ◽  
Oriented Approach

В статье рассматриваются вопросы, связанные с педагогическими основами подготовки кадров для гражданской службы на примере Республики Татарстан (РТ) в контексте их профессионального становления и развития. Тенденции развития современного российского общества, как глобализация и цифровизация, повышают требования не только к интенсивности работы государственных служащих, но и развитию их как субъектов профессиональной деятельности. Ведущая идея статьи заключается в том, педагогическими основами профессионального развития молодых госслужащих является не только система основного и дополнительного образования, но и институт наставничества, что актуализирует вопросы субъектно-ориентированного подхода и развитие госслужащих как субъектов профессиональной деятельности через различные системы их подготовки и переподготовки. В этой системе подготовки и переподготовки госслужащих особое внимание уделяется институту наставничества на основе теоретического анализа изучаемой проблемы и результатов пилотного исследования. The article examines issues related to the pedagogical foundations of training personnel for the civil service on the example of the Republic of Tatarstan (RT) in the context of their professional formation and development. The development trends of modern Russian society, such as globalization and digitalization, increase the requirements for not only the intensity of the work of civil servants, but also their development as subjects of professional activity. The leading idea of the article is that the pedagogical foundations of the professional development of young civil servants are not only the system of basic and additional education, but also the institute of mentoring, which actualizes the issues of the subject-oriented approach and the development of civil servants as subjects of professional activity through various systems of their training and retraining. In this system of training and retraining of civil servants, special attention is paid to the institution of mentoring on the basis of a theoretical analysis of the problem under study and the results of a pilot study.

STARTING A NEW COMPANY — WHICH TYPES OF PERSONAL EXPERIENCE HELP?

2010 ◽  
Vol 18 (03) ◽  
pp. 291-313 ◽  
Author(s):  
CHRISTIN MERZ ◽  
ANDREAS SCHROETER ◽  
PETER WITT
Keyword(s):  
Personal Experience ◽  
Entrepreneurial Process ◽  
Entrepreneurial Experience ◽  
Marginal Effects ◽  
Start Up ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Start Ups ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Technical Industry

This paper investigates the relationship between different types of personal experience and start-up success. We propose four extensions to earlier studies on the subject. First, we distinguish between management, technical, industry, and entrepreneurial experience of founders. Second, we consider decreasing marginal effects of different types of experience on start-up success. Third, our measures for start-up success correspond to the different stages of the entrepreneurial process. Fourth, we measure the "breadth" of experience in different fields in addition to the "depth" of experience per field. In the empirical part of the paper, we test all hypotheses using a sample of 137 German start-ups.

scholarly journals 340 - VISUAL HALLUCINATIONS SECONDARY TO ROPINIROLE: CASE REPORT

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (S1) ◽  
pp. 100-100
Author(s):  
A.M. Carvalheiro ◽  
Joana Maia
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Case ◽  
Visual Hallucinations ◽  
Clinical Process ◽  
The Past ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Daily Dose ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Stimulation Of

Objectives:Using as a starting point a clinical case, the authors performed a literature review to clarify the relationship between visual hallucinations and treatment with ropinirole.Methods:Analysis of the patient's clinical process and brief review of the latest available literature on the subject, published in PubMed/Medline databases.Results:Female patient, 89 years old, without psychiatric illness, brought to the emergency room by visual hallucinations, in the past 3 days “I see red, blue and green spots and roses on your sweater and a lot of flowers on that lady's blouse”sic. She recognised them as unreal (pseudo hallucinations) “no, nothing is there. It's from my eyes. I am fine of the head”sic. She has a personal history of glaucoma for decades, and restless legs syndrome for about 1 year, medicated with ropinirole. Adherence to therapeutic has been explored and it was found that she has been increasing, progressively and by its own initiative, the dose of ropinirole. She claims to be currently taking two pills of 8 mg twice daily (the recommended daily dose is 24 mg).Conclusions:Studies indicate that the incidence of hallucinations during the treatment of RLS with ropinirole is less than 1%, which can be justified by its high affinity for D3 receivers compared to D2 receivers. However, it is also known that the over-stimulation of dopamine receptors (by overdose or rapid titration) can cause hallucinations, which may have been the cause of the patient's clinical condition. This clinical case also allows to alert for the importance of excluding organic causes in the diagnosis of visual hallucinations.

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