The Relationship Between Disturbance of Liver Function and Mental Disease

1940 ◽  
Vol 86 (362) ◽  
pp. 514-525 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Berkenau
Keyword(s):  
Liver Function ◽  
Mental Disease ◽  
The Body ◽  
General Metabolism ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Liver Tests

The purpose of this paper is to attempt to correlate results obtained from liver tests with the nosological demarcation of psychoses. The knowledge of the outstanding importance of the liver in general metabolism (it provides 12% of the turnover of energy of the body) and of its relation to some organic diseases of brain has been the subject of numerous investigations. Expectation of finding the starting-point of any disease in the liver, however, will at first not be placed too high if one recollects that every gland is only part of a system. Even where the symptoms of liver or other glandular impairment are characteristic for limited groups of psychoses deductions must be guarded, and the discovery of an unequivocal bodily symptom does not mean elucidation of the aetiology of a mental disease.

Living with Barren Truths: A Tale of Triumphalism and Tribulations of a Technology

2021 ◽  
pp. 097168582110159
Author(s):  
Sital Mohanty ◽  
Subhasis Sahoo ◽  
Pranay Kumar Swain
Keyword(s):  
Gender Discrimination ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
The Body ◽  
Social Scientists ◽  
Social Fact ◽  
Science Technology ◽  
The Subject ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Relationship

Science, technology and human values have been the subject of enquiry in the last few years for social scientists and eventually the relationship between science and gender is the subject of an ongoing debate. This is due to the event of globalization which led to the exponential growth of new technologies like assisted reproductive technology (ART). ART, one of the most iconic technological innovations of the twentieth century, has become increasingly a normal social fact of life. Since ART invades multiple human discourses—thereby transforming culture, society and politics—it is important what is sociological about ART as well as what is biological. This article argues in commendation of sociology of technology, which is alert to its democratic potential but does not concurrently conceal the historical and continuing role of technology in legitimizing gender discrimination. The article draws the empirical insights from local articulations (i.e., Odisha state in eastern India) for the understandings of motherhood, freedom and choice, reproductive right and rights over the body to which ART has contributed. Sociologically, the article has been supplemented within the broader perspectives of determinism, compatibilism alongside feminism.

Physiotherapy and Human Relations

2016 ◽  
pp. 67-74
Author(s):  
Donald W. Winnicott
Keyword(s):  
Early Development ◽  
Emotional Development ◽  
The Body ◽  
Human Relations ◽  
Somatic Disorder ◽  
Somatic Disorders ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Relationship

In this paper on psycho-somatic disorders, Winnicott begins by acknowledging the vastness of the subject. Psycho-somatic disorder merges into the universal problem of the healthy interaction between the psyche and the soma—that is, between the personality of an individual and the body in which the person lives. The relationship between body and mind, role of early development and stages of emotional development are also discussed.

Explaining differences in ministerial ménages à trois: multiple bargains in Belgium and Denmark

2013 ◽  
Vol 79 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian de Visscher ◽  
Heidi Houlberg Salomonsen
Keyword(s):  
Public Service ◽  
Functional Differentiation ◽  
Civil Servants ◽  
Mutual Respect ◽  
Institutional Rules ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Political Appointments ◽  
The Relationship

While special advisers play an important role in most Western governments, the research on the subject is limited. This article aims to explain variations in the ménage à trois relationships between ministers, senior civil servants and special advisers in two different politico-administrative systems. The theoretical starting point is to conceptualize and explain such trilateral relationships as multiple Public Service Bargains. We find that the differences in Public Service Bargains generate differences in these ménages à trois relationships, resulting in different types of functional differentiation as well as differences in the degree of cooperation vis-à-vis conflict. These differences are primarily the result of differences in the interests as well as formal, institutional rules and the competencies of the actors involved. The empirical data include documents as well as interviews with and questionnaires completed by senior civil servants. The countries compared are Belgium and Denmark. Points for practitioners Our study confirms that it is important for a ‘ménage à trois’ (ministers, special advisers, SCSs) ‘… to spell out the terms of the bargain applying to political advisers (…)’ ( Hood and Lodge, 2006 : 128) in order to regulate the relationship between special advisers and SCSs and avoid potential conflicts among them. In addition, the study shows that the number of political appointments plays a role in the relationship. Finally, the study shows that clear differences in the competencies brought to the bargain by the two types of agent may ensure cooperation and mutual respect, whereas an overlapping of competencies may cause rivalry.

“I’m Not Really 100% a Woman If I Can’t Have a Kid”: Infertility and the Intersection of Gender, Identity, and the Body

2019 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 629-651 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ann V. Bell
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Gender Identity ◽  
Sense Of Self ◽  
The United States ◽  
The Body ◽  
Social Constraints ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Do So

Despite establishing the gendered construction of infertility, most research on the subject has not examined how individuals with such reproductive difficulty negotiate their own sense of gender. I explore this gap through 58 interviews with women who are medically infertile and involuntarily childless. In studying how women achieve their gender, I reveal the importance of the body to such construction. For the participants, there is not just a motherhood mandate in the United States, but a fertility mandate—women are not just supposed to mother, they are supposed to procreate. Given this understanding, participants maintain their gender by denying their infertile status. They do so through reliance on essentialist notions, using their bodies as a means of constructing a gendered sense of self. Using the tenets of transgender theory, this study not only informs our understanding of infertility, but also our broader understanding of the relationship between gender, identity, and the body, exposing how individuals negotiate their gender through physical as well as institutional and social constraints.

scholarly journals TMJ Dysfunction and Systemic Correlation

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luca Fiorillo ◽  
Giuseppe Musumeci
Keyword(s):  
The Body ◽  
Mixed Dentition ◽  
Dental Occlusion ◽  
Sports Performance ◽  
Muscular System ◽  
Medical Field ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
A Site ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Different Levels

In recent years it has been conclusively shown how the position of the mouth in relation to the body affects the way of walking and standing. In particular, occlusion, the relationship between skull and jaw, swallowing and convergence of the eyes are in neuro-muscular relationship with the control and maintenance system of posture, integrating at different levels. This manuscript aims to be a summary of all the oral, occlusal and articular dysfunctions of TMJ with systemic and postural–muscular repercussions. Recent articles found in the literature that are taken into consideration and briefly analyzed represent an important starting point for these correlations, which are still unclear in the medical field. Posturology, occlusal and oral influences on posture, spine and muscular system are still much debated today. In the literature, there are articles concerning sports performance and dental occlusion or even the postural characteristics of adolescents or children in deciduous and mixed dentition. The temporomandibular joint, as the only joint of the skull, could therefore represent a site to pay particular attention to, and in some cases an ATM dysfunction could be a clue for the diagnosis of systemic pathologies, or it could be the repercussion.

scholarly journals The interactive context of discovering the category of corporeality in a phenomenological approach

Panoptikum ◽  
2019 ◽  
pp. 65-80
Author(s):  
Alicja Długołęcka
Keyword(s):  
Grounded Theory ◽  
Therapeutic Relationship ◽  
Phenomenological Approach ◽  
The Body ◽  
Human Knowledge ◽  
Phenomenological Philosophy ◽  
Grounded Theory Method ◽  
Emotional Dimension ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Relationship

The article presents different ways of dealing with the subject of the body and corporeality in the humanities, which can form the epistemiological and axiological basis in a reflection on the psycho- and physiotherapeutic relationship with patients, and confronts them with the results of two qualitative studies based on the grounded theory concerning exploration by women of their own body and experiencing their own corporeality, intimacy and touch in medical relations. The author shows that phenomenological philosophy, taking into account the concepts of “carnal self” and “presence of the embodied” that human knowledge always has a carnal character, is the most adequate for use in analyses regarding therapeutic interactions related to the body. Analysis of qualitative research on the process of realising your own corporeality in the cognitive-emotional dimension in the relationship with oneself and in the therapeutic relationship fully confirms the legitimacy of applying the grounded theory method in the study of phenomena regarding carnality and such values as gratitude, mindfulness, care, efficiency and autonomy emerge.

scholarly journals Wilful Girliness

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 73-94
Author(s):  
Sara Litzén
Keyword(s):  
Reference Point ◽  
Qualitative Interviews ◽  
The Body ◽  
Active Process ◽  
Power Structures ◽  
Specific Context ◽  
Personal Quality ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Per Se

Through qualitative interviews with eleven people who have investments in girliness, feminism, and fashion, the article centres around the concept of “wilful girliness,” understood as a constructed phenomenon, which focuses on ideas about girliness in relation to consciousness, and in relation to empowerment. This approach to the subject is proposed as a way of moving away from rooting (dis)empowerment within a person’s body, and towards seeing and acknowledging the embodiment of a (feministic) conscious girliness as a historical construction rather than a personal quality. It argues that a wilful girliness is temporarily stabilised through a set of contingent exclusions and should be understood as a consistent site of contest, an active process without origin and end, that takes shape within a specific context, deeply entangled and inseparable from existing power structures. The article highlights the importance of acknowledging the body and its abilities as a crucial starting point in the conditional activity of the negotiation of wilful girliness. It goes on and untangles the responsibility of embodying this fluctuating construction from the girly individual. The article concludes by suggesting the importance of interrogating the mere fact that a wilful girliness is sought after and used as a dominant reference point and criteria in regard to girliness per se and calls for a more varied understanding of girliness.

scholarly journals Adjusting Swedish gymnastics to the female nature: Discrepancies in the gendering of girls’ physical education in the mid-nineteenth century

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 261
Author(s):  
Johannes Westberg
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Gender Differences ◽  
Physical Education ◽  
Young Women ◽  
Female Body ◽  
The Body ◽  
Western World ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
The Feminine ◽  
The Relationship

During the nineteenth century, Swedish gymnastics became one of the main models of physical education in the Western world. The purpose of this article is to explore how Swedish gymnastics was adjusted to the female body and mind in the mid-nineteenth century. Using handbooks published by the Swedish educationalist Anton Santesson as an empirical starting point, this article shows how the relationship between gender and gymnastics was complicated and exhibited significant discrepancies. In part, Swedish gymnastics was marked by a one-sex model of gender differences, which meant that gymnastics was perceived as a method for catering to the deficiencies and weaknesses of the feminine nature, in an attempt to make girls and young women more similar to boys. Swedish gymnastics had, nevertheless, vital elements of a two-sex model, according to which gymnastics was supposed to realise the true feminine nature of girls. Following this line of thought, Santesson claimed that, since gymnastics merely followed the laws of the body, it could not make girls more like boys. Santesson’s vision of gymnastics also included disciplinary mechanisms, such as the partitioning of space, which were gender neutral. Apart from presenting insights into the ambiguous and contradictory notions of gender in Swedish girls’ gymnastics, this article thus also raises questions regarding whether other models of physical education were marked by similar discrepancies during the nineteenth century. 

scholarly journals The concept of corporeality in E. Levinas' phenomenology: historical and philosophical context

KANT ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 121-124
Author(s):  
Aleksey Bogomolov ◽  
Ekaterina Ryzhova
Keyword(s):  
The Body ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

The article deals with the problem of corporeality in the philosophical views of E. Levinas. It is shown that the body in the concept of the French thinker is the subject of study within the framework of ontology. It is concluded that the problems of human physicality can be revealed through the relationship of a person and another person's Face. The article also substantiates the position on the significance of the French thinker's teaching about corporeality in the framework of historical and philosophical research.

Traces of a Tango: The Club Invites Me to Dance—a Study of Materiality in Movement

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 417-424
Author(s):  
Paola Vasconcelos Silveira
Keyword(s):  
Performing Arts ◽  
The Body ◽  
Porto Alegre ◽  
Academic Field ◽  
Dance Training ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Master's Thesis ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The City ◽  
Two Bodies

This paper is based on my master's thesis, which was developed in 2013–2014 at the Graduation Program in Performing Arts at the Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (Brazil). This study aimed to reflect on the processes of developing an artistic experiment conducted from the encounter between my body and the club in transient places in the city of Porto Alegre. The starting point emerged from the experience of the artist in the practice of tango from a dialogue bias between peers. The object, in this proposal, becomes a present and active body—a lively piece that will enhance a one-to-one conversation. It is thus intended that the dance results from the relationship between two bodies, and not from the manipulation of one body over another. Therefore, the study finds resonance in the theoretical possibility of thinking of non-human bodies as vibrant matter with the capability to generate relationships and movements. In that way, this meeting would lead to a loss of the self. This study also contributes to a debate on proposals for dance training, as this research has chosen a path of building the danced relationship with the object from the kinesthetic perception of the body in motion. Finally, this study tenses the production of knowledge in the academic field, by assuming that the body produces a kind of knowledge—an embodied knowledge—which must be recognized and legitimized.

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