Retrieving At-one-ment in the English Soteriological Tradition

2021 ◽  
pp. 002114002110391
Author(s):  
Joel R. Gallagher
Keyword(s):  
English Language ◽  
The Bible ◽  
Theological Discourse ◽  
English Translations ◽  
English Speaking ◽  
Early English

This article examines the use of the word atonement in biblical-theological discourse in the English language and early English translations of the Bible. It traces the word’s origin and development, and it uncovers its original signification and the meaning of the words from which it derives. It suggests that modern English-speaking theologians could benefit from a re-evaluation of this word given that it was first introduced in English translations of the Bible and subsequently used in Christian theological discourse for a specific purpose which is no longer operative. It suggests that a recovery of its original signification can be helpful to understanding how some medieval and early Renaissance English Christians interpreted that word, scriptural passages, and Christ’s salvific work.

scholarly journals ON ENGLISH TRANSLATIONS OF R. M. RILKE’S POETIC LANGUAGE

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 89-96
Author(s):  
Natalia V. Voronevskaya ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
English Language ◽  
Poetic Language ◽  
World Languages ◽  
English Translations ◽  
English Speaking

This study aims to assess the adequacy of the form of German sonnets when reproduced in English translations. The focus is on interrogative sentences, which, together with the sonnet in the form of a macro-sentence, the shortened verse and enjambment, are the characteristics of the innovative features of Sonnets to Orpheus by R. M. Rilke. The lyrical cycle Sonnets to Orpheus is among the most translated into world languages of Rilke’s poetry works, as well as Duino Elegies. Both professional and amateur poets and translators have been competing to put the Austrian writer’s best poems into English. Here we examine more than twenty English translations of the Sonnets into English, made from 1936 to 2008. The importance of the comparative linguistic-stylistic study of the original and its translations is determined by the continuing interest in Rilke’s works in English-speaking countries and the necessity to understand the principles of reconstructing the features of Rilke’s poetics using the English language. The system of methods used in this work includes: historical and philological analysis, comparative linguistic and stylistic description, as well as comparative analysis of the original and translation in the form that was developed in the works of V. Bryusov (1905), N. Gumilev (1919), M. Lozinsky (1935), E. Etkind (1963), S. Goncharenko (1987). We have found that the innovative nature of German sonnets is not always reflected in English translations. In some translations, American and British translators significantly modified the form of the original: interrogative sentences dominating in XVII and XVIII sonnets of the second part of the lyric cycle were not reproduced in English translations made by G. Good, D. Young, C. Haseloff, N. Mardas Billias and others.

The Speech-Language Assessment of English Language Learning Students: A Non-Standardized Approach

2013 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 95-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Kraemer ◽  
Allison Coltisor ◽  
Meesha Kalra ◽  
Megan Martinez ◽  
Bailey Savage ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Language Learning ◽  
Language Impairment ◽  
Specific Language Impairment ◽  
English Language ◽  
Language Assessment ◽  
The United States ◽  
English Language Learning ◽  
Assessment Practices ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
English Speaking

English language learning (ELL) children suspected of having specific-language impairment (SLI) should be assessed using the same methods as monolingual English-speaking children born and raised in the United States. In an effort to reduce over- and under-identification of ELL children as SLI, speech-language pathologists (SLP) must employ nonbiased assessment practices. This article presents several evidence-based, nonstandarized assessment practices SLPs can implement in place of standardized tools. As the number of ELL children SLPs come in contact with increases, the need for well-trained and knowledgeable SLPs grows. The goal of the authors is to present several well-establish, evidence-based assessment methods for assessing ELL children suspected of SLI.

Children's Nonword Repetition Tasks and English Language Learners

2010 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 73-79
Author(s):  
Sara C. Steele ◽  
Deborah A. Hwa-Froelich
Keyword(s):  
English Language Learners ◽  
Language Learners ◽  
Language Impairment ◽  
English Language ◽  
Nonword Repetition ◽  
Adopted Children ◽  
Typically Developing ◽  
Bilingual Speakers ◽  
Internationally Adopted Children ◽  
English Speaking

Nonword repetition performance has been shown to differentiate monolingual English-speaking children with language impairment (LI) from typically developing children. These tasks have been administered to monolingual speakers of different languages and to simultaneous and sequential bilingual English Language Learners (ELLs) with mixed results. This article includes a review of the nonword repetition performance of monolingual and bilingual speakers and of internationally adopted children. Clinical implications for administration and interpretation of nonword repetition task outcomes are included.

Strategi Peningkatan Kompetensi Berbicara Bahasa Inggris Siswa Smk Negeri 1 Pacitan Tahun Pelajaran 2012/2013

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-51
Author(s):  
Asroji Asroji
Keyword(s):  
English Language ◽  
Language Instruction ◽  
Final Report ◽  
Computer Engineering ◽  
Project Report ◽  
Engineering Software ◽  
Final Project ◽  
Network Computer ◽  
Sequence Of Events ◽  
English Speaking

This study was conducted based on the facts about the lack of maximal outcomes of learning English in almost all levels of education, especially in vocational school. Although English has been studied for many years, but the majority of students can not master English well, especially speaking. Many factors cause this phenomenon, and all parties should concern to work together to formulatebetter system and process of English learning at vocational school.The research was conducted at SMK Negeri 1 Pacitan, by taking the students of class XII as subjects research. The sample of this research consists of 94 students of Business Travel and Tourism,Network Computer Engineering, and Engineering Software classes. This research uses descriptive qualitative method. It is used to describe the students’ speaking competence, particularlyin presenting final task report. This research also identifies the internal and external functions to formulate a strategy to improve the students’s speaking competence. The results showed that based on the analysis of English speaking competency of SMK Negeri 1 Pacitan students, it can be concluded as follows: a). Based on the students absorption analysis of presenting final project report, shows that English competency level of students is in the category of “pretty”, with evidence of the studentsvalue average in presenting final project report is more than the passing grade value (7.50),it is 79.5. While the number of student, who passed the presentation test,is 66 students.So it can be obtained the percentage level of mastery learning students on the presentation test of final report is only 70.21%, and it is categorized “less”, because the percentage of students who passed this exam is still under 75%. b). While the analysis of the questionnaire can be scribed that the average overall score of 3.44 speaking competence components are categorized “pretty”, and it can be concluded that the level of competence of English speaking students generally categorized “enough”. Based on the level ofstudents’ English speaking competence , it can be formulated the strategies to increase its competence. They are: a). Maximizing the use of English as a language instruction and reducing the use of Indonesian, especially in the learning process, to improve English language competency, so that students can have the ability to explain the sequence of events and the students can pass the exam well. b). Having more English presentation activitiesin other topics to encourage the students’ bravery and self-confidence in speaking English, so that students have good Englishcompetence as preparation to getjobs or to continue their study at university.c). Having more exercise of using body language to improve the mastery of speech, and smooth attitude, so that students have good English competence,and they are able to compete in the global world in obtaining employment. d). And maximizing the use of school’s facilities by using various methods of learning, and focusing on the students’ center method to improve the studentsEnglish competency so that they are able to compete for educational scholarships in this country and abroad.

scholarly journals The Return to English in a Non-English Speaking Country: Russian Immigrants and Native Israelis in Israel

2009 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin Lang ◽  
Erez Siniver
Keyword(s):  
Language Acquisition ◽  
Cross Section ◽  
Host Country ◽  
English Language ◽  
English Language Acquisition ◽  
Highly Educated ◽  
Russian Immigrants ◽  
English Speaking ◽  
Low Levels

Abstract Using a unique sample of Russian immigrants and native Israelis, we examine the return to English knowledge. Panel and cross-section estimates of the return to English are substantial for highly educated immigrants and natives. Hebrew and English language acquisition contribute to immigrant/native earnings convergence, but most convergence is explained by other factors. While immigrants with low levels of education do not benefit from knowing English, native Israelis may. Conditional on occupation, English and Hebrew acquisition are largely orthogonal. Therefore earlier work on the importance of knowledge of the host-country language (Hebrew) is not significantly biased by unmeasured English knowledge.

THE FUTURE OF THE BULGARIAN ACADEMIC PERIODICALS – COMMUNITIES, DEBATES, AND INTERNATIONAL PRESENCE

2021 ◽  
pp. 85-90
Author(s):  
Kamen RIKEV
Keyword(s):  
English Translation ◽  
International Research ◽  
English Language ◽  
Academic Journals ◽  
The Future ◽  
English Translations ◽  
Publishing Houses ◽  
Internet Portals ◽  
Patron Saints

The paper discusses several formal aspects of submitting texts to foreign academic journals and publishing houses by Bulgarian authors. It argues that common issues concerning the editing of an author’s contribution include the English translation of a Bulgarian academic institution’s name, the use of quotation marks, the hyphen, en dash and em dash, the usage of glyphs, such as the numero symbol. The article also draws attention to the various transcription styles for Cyrillic texts, as well as the inconsistent forms of patron saints and city names used by Bulgarian institutions. A comparison between the Bulgarian names of six universities, their English translations and forms appearing in Wikipedia illustrates the problem of the often incomprehensible affiliation of a Bulgarian scholar outside the country. The author’s main conclusions are as follows: (1) an urgent need for a uniform spelling of Bulgarian university names in English; (2) based on the information on their official websites, Bulgarian institutions do not have official names in English, or such names cannot be easily traced; (3) clarification of the principles for recording the names of prominent personalities and especially saints, who have long been subject of international research; (4) a need for monitoring the consistent spelling of institution names appearing on the most popular internet portals. Finally, the author suggests 8 English language versions of the name Sofia University “St. Kliment Ohridski”.

Japanese English Majors’ Experiences and Attitudes to Study Abroad: A Case Study of Students at a Private University in Tokyo

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 38-52
Author(s):  
Anthony Tobin
Keyword(s):  
Study Abroad ◽  
English Language ◽  
Private University ◽  
Studying Abroad ◽  
Short Term Study ◽  
Overseas Travel ◽  
Recent Trends ◽  
English Speaking ◽  
Japanese English

This study investigates both the benefits of and recent trends in studying abroad for Japanese students and examines the results of a survey on study abroad taken by students majoring in English at a private university in Tokyo. Statistics from JASSO showed that the trend in study abroad before 2020 was for an increasing number of Japanese university students to spend a period of time studying abroad, though most of the increase was in short-term study. The English language questionnaire sought to discover what proportion of a group of seventy-two students had already studied abroad, or planned to do so, and to establish whether those who had gained experience had benefited from it, as well as detailing student anxieties which may have deterred students from studying abroad. The survey on study abroad, taken in January 2018, had a 100% response rate. Twenty-three (32%) of the students answered that they had already studied abroad, mostly for short durations in English-speaking countries. Most of the students who studied abroad had a positive experience, reputedly improved their English skills and recommended that other students study abroad. Twenty-six (53%) of the students without study abroad experience were planning to study abroad, even though they had some issues which concerned them, such as their ability to communicate in English, personal safety, and financial matters. The main reason for not electing to study abroad for this particular sample was found to be related to the overall costs of overseas travel, accommodation, and tuition. この研究では日本人学生に対する留学の利点および最近の留学の傾向を調べ、さら に東京の私立大学で英語を専攻している学生に対して実施した留学についての調査 の結果を検討している。JASSO の統計によると、２０２０年までは留学する日本人 大学生の数は増加傾向であったが、そのほとんどは短期留学であった。英語で行わ れたアンケート調査の目的は、著者の三つのクラスの７２名の学生のうちの何割が 留学経験がある、もしくは留学の予定があるか、またすでに留学した学生はその経 験から恩恵を受けたと感じているか、学生は留学をするにあたってどのような不安 を持つか、さらに留学しないと答えた学生の場合は留学しない理由を明らかにする ことである。２０１８年１月に行われた調査の回答率は１００パーセントであっ た。２３人（３２パーセント）の学生は留学経験があり、ほとんどの場合が英語圏 の国への短期留学である。留学経験のある学生の大半数が有益な経験ができ、英語 力が上達したと感じており、他の学生に留学を勧めると答えている。留学経験のな い学生の２６人（５３パーセント）が留学する予定だが、英語のコミュニケーショ ン、安全、金銭などについて不安を感じていた。留学しない理由については、旅 費、宿泊代、授業料など経済的な理由が大半であった。

scholarly journals Students’ Personal Initiative towards their Speaking Performance

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nihta V. F. Liando ◽  
Raesita Lumettu
Keyword(s):  
English Language ◽  
Literature Study ◽  
Study Program ◽  
Personal Initiative ◽  
North Sulawesi ◽  
Language And Literature ◽  
Speaking Skill ◽  
English Speaking ◽  
Speaking Performance ◽  
Academic Year

This research aims at finding out students’ personal initiative towards their achievement in speaking English. This research was conducted in an English department at a university in North Sulawesi Indonesia. The data were obtained from the sixth semester students in English Language and Literature study program of academic year 2015/2016 consisting of 21 students. In obtaining the data about students’ personal initiative, a questionnaire was distributed, and for the speaking performance, the data were obtained from students’ scores in Public Speaking subject. To find out the relation between these two variables, Pearson’s Product Moment Correlation Coefficient formula was used. The result of this research shows that there is a correlation between students’ personal initiative towards their speaking performance with the value of  = (0.52) categorized as a moderate correlation. Based on the findings, it can be concluded that personal initiative of students was important to be considered as one of several determination factors for students’ achievement in English speaking skill. It is suggested that students encourage themselves for taking initiative to speak, and for the teacher to give the students correction and suggestion to help them develop themselves.

The Idiom of Scripture, Leviticus 18:5, and Theology at a Time of Paradigm Shift

2017 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 155-170
Author(s):  
Merwyn S. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Paradigm Shift ◽  
World War ◽  
Post World War Ii ◽  
The Bible ◽  
English Translations ◽  
The One ◽  
Law And Gospel

Leviticus 18:5b ( the one doing them shall live in them) offers a prism through which to view the idiom of Scripture—the distinctive dynamics and theology of the Bible. The verse pinpoints the interplay between God's doing-and-living and ours. At issue is whether the commandments reflect a “command-and-do” structure of life with God, which maximizes a quid pro quo dynamic between God and us; or do the commandments delineate a “covenant place where” we abide with God and God with us, as a gift of shared doing pure and simple? The article traces Leviticus 18:5b through both Old and New Testaments, to show how pervasive it is. The main post-World War II English translations misstate the verse at every turn, in contrast to the 16th-century Church Reformation, which understood the verse and the issue under the topic of Law and Gospel.

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