Lightweight alternatives to glass fiber/epoxy sheet molding compound composites: A feasibility study

2018 ◽  
Vol 53 (14) ◽  
pp. 1985-2000
Author(s):  
Amir Asadi ◽  
Ferdinand Baaij ◽  
Robert J Moon ◽  
Tequila AL Harris ◽  
Kyriaki Kalaitzidou
Keyword(s):  
Glass Fiber ◽  
Cellulose Nanocrystals ◽  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
Fiber Type ◽  
Glass Fibers ◽  
Basalt Fiber ◽  
Basalt Fibers ◽  
Molding Compound ◽  
Sheet Molding Compound ◽  
Significant Difference

The focus of this study is to (i) understand the effect of the fiber type and content on the mechanical properties of sheet-molding compounds composites and (ii) investigate possible lightweight alternatives to glass fibers-sheet molding compound composites. Glass fiber and basalt fibers are used to make sheet-molding compound composites and the mechanical performance are determined as a function of the fiber type and content. In addition, cellulose nanocrystals are used to enhance the properties of the sheet-molding compound resin system. The possibility of lightweighting the basalt fiber/epoxy and glass fiber/epoxy sheet-molding compound composites is explored by replacing a portion of the fibers, i.e. 12–16 wt%, with a small amount cellulose nanocrystals, i.e. 1–2 wt%. No significant difference was found between the basalt fiber/epoxy and glass fiber/epoxy sheet-molding compound composites in terms of mechanical and impact properties. When cellulose nanocrystals were added to the composites, the properties of glass fiber/epoxy sheet-molding compound composites were enhanced while those of basalt fiber/epoxy sheet-molding compound composites deteriorated.

Basalt fibers as a sustainable and cost-effective alternative to glass fibers in sheet molding compound (SMC)

2017 ◽  
Vol 123 ◽  
pp. 210-218 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amir Asadi ◽  
Ferdinand Baaij ◽  
Hendrik Mainka ◽  
Michael Rademacher ◽  
Jeffrey Thompson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glass Fibers ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Effective Alternative ◽  
Basalt Fibers ◽  
Molding Compound ◽  
Sheet Molding Compound ◽  
Cost Effective Alternative

Modeling and experimental study on the mechanical behavior of glass/basalt fiber metal laminates after thermal cycling

2021 ◽  
pp. 105678952199873
Author(s):  
Mehdi Abdollahi Azghan ◽  
F Bahari-Sambran ◽  
Reza Eslami-Farsani
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Cycling ◽  
Glass Fibers ◽  
Basalt Fiber ◽  
Tensile Modulus ◽  
Alloy Sheet ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Weibull Function ◽  
Basalt Fibers ◽  
Thermal Stabilities ◽  
Fiber Metal

In the present study, the effect of thermal cycling and stacking sequence on the tensile behavior of fiber metal laminate (FML) composites containing glass and basalt fibers was investigated. To fabricate the FML samples, fibers reinforced epoxy composite were sandwiched between two layers of 2024-T3 aluminum alloy sheet. 55 thermal cycles were implemented at a temperature range of 25–115°C for 6 min. The tensile tests were carried out after the thermal cycling procedure, and the results were compared with non-thermal cycling specimens. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was employed for the characterization of the damage mechanisms. The FMLs containing four basalt fibers’ layers showed higher values of tensile strength, modulus, and energy absorption. On the other hand, the lowest strength and fracture energy were found in the asymmetrically stacked sample containing basalt and glass fibers, due to weak adhesion between composite components (basalt and glass fibers). The lowest tensile modulus was found in the sample containing glass fibers that was due to the low modulus of the glass fibers compared to basalt fibers. In the case of the samples exposed to thermal cycling, the highest and the lowest thermal stabilities were observed in basalt fibers samples and asymmetrically stacked samples, respectively. In accordance with the experimental results, a non-linear damage model using the Weibull function and tensile modulus was employed to predict the stress-strain relationship. The simulated strain–strain curves presented an appropriate agreement with the experimental results.

Mechanical Properties of ABS Embedded with Basalt Fiber Fillers

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 69-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayman M. M. Abdelhaleem ◽  
Mohammed Y. Abdellah ◽  
Hesham I. Fathi ◽  
Montasser Dewidar
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Basalt Fiber ◽  
Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene ◽  
Hardness Test ◽  
Basalt Fibers ◽  
Notched Strength ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Plastic Injection

AbstractAcrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS) has great verity applications in aerospace and automobiles industries. Mechanical strength of the ABS is superior to even that of impact resistant polystyrene. In addition metallic coatings can be applied to the surface of ABS moldings. The main aim of the present work is to investigate the mechanical properties of additives of basalt fibers (BF) to ABS with (5, 10, and 15) wt% embedded into the polymer matrix by using plastic injection molding technique. This new perceptions has been done on basalt fibers that have a potential low cost with its good mechanical performance. The ultimate tensile strength that obtained from the composite with 15 wt% is 56.67 MPa with 40.52 % increase value than neat ABS, Young’s modulus gradually increases with increasing the amount of additives. Impact un-notched strength decreases with a reported increment of 24.617 KJ.m–2. A Rockwell hardness test is also used and with the increases of additives the amount of hardness of the composite increases. A scan electron microscopy (SEM) on the fracture surface is captured to check the morphologies structure of the composite comparable with a neat ABS. and it is showed a very good distribution and bonding of the B.F. with the pure ABS. As well as the cost of the ABS and BF is reduced by a percentage of 15 %.

scholarly journals Recycled Glass Fiber Composites from Wind Turbine Waste for 3D Printing Feedstock: Effects of Fiber Content and Interface on Mechanical Performance

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (23) ◽  
pp. 3929 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amirmohammad Rahimizadeh ◽  
Jordan Kalman ◽  
Rodolphe Henri ◽  
Kazem Fayazbakhsh ◽  
Larry Lessard
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
3D Printing ◽  
Wind Turbine ◽  
Glass Fiber ◽  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
Glass Fibers ◽  
Turbine Blades ◽  
3D Print ◽  
Recycled Glass ◽  
Recycled Fibers

This research validates the viability of a recycling and reusing process for end-of-life glass fiber reinforced wind turbine blades. Short glass fibers from scrap turbine blades are reclaimed and mixed with polylactic acid (PLA) through a double extrusion process to produce composite feedstock with recycled glass fibers for fused filament fabrication (FFF) 3D printing. Reinforced filaments with different fiber contents, as high as 25% by weight, are extruded and used to 3D print tensile specimens per ASTM D638-14. For 25 wt% reinforcement, the samples showed up to 74% increase in specific stiffness compared to pure PLA samples, while there was a reduction of 42% and 65% in specific tensile strength and failure strain, respectively. To capture the level of impregnation of the non-pyrolyzed recycled fibers and PLA, samples made from reinforced filaments with virgin and recycled fibers are fabricated and assessed in terms of mechanical properties and interface. For the composite specimens out of reinforced PLA with recycled glass fibers, it was found that the specific modulus and tensile strength are respectively 18% and 19% higher than those of samples reinforced with virgin glass fibers. The cause for this observation is mainly attributed to the fact that the surface of recycled fibers is partially covered with epoxy particles, a phenomenon that allows for favorable interactions between the molecules of PLA and epoxy, thus improving the interface bonding between the fibers and PLA.

Design of Thermal Transferring of Plane Mould for Low Pressure Sheet Molding Compound

2010 ◽  
Vol 44-47 ◽  
pp. 2607-2611
Author(s):  
Jian Li ◽  
Zhi Xiong Huang
Keyword(s):  
High Weight ◽  
Glass Fibers ◽  
Low Pressure ◽  
Molding Compound ◽  
Sheet Molding Compound ◽  
Heating Pipes ◽  
Weight Content ◽  
Fracture Area ◽  
Mold Flow ◽  
Highly Uniform

Mathematical simulation of mold flow of glass fibers and design of heat transferring of plane mould for low pressure sheet molding compound were analyzed and optimized by MATLAB software in this article. The flexural properties of specimens molded in conventional and thermal-deign optimized mould were compared. The fracture surfaces of specimens were carefully investigated by SEM, too. The results show that the surface temperature of the mould was highly uniform during the process of curing when the distribution of the heating pipes in the plane mould was optimized. The flexural strengths of the specimens, cut from the center and the corner of the parts molded by thermal optimized mould, are almost the same and can reach about 170MPa. And the distribution of glass fiber with high weight content adhering well with resin is uniform in the fracture area.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Jenis dan Volumetrik Fiber terhadap Kekuatan Transversal Reparasi Plat Resin Akrilik

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 102
Author(s):  
Pramudya Aditama ◽  
Siti Sunarintyas ◽  
Widjijono Widjijono
Keyword(s):  
Glass Fiber ◽  
Glass Fibers ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Acrylic Resin ◽  
Universal Testing Machine ◽  
Transverse Strength ◽  
Universal Testing ◽  
Group I ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Post Hoc

Resin akrilik merupakan bahan yang sering digunakan dalam pembuatan basis gigi tiruan. Kelemahan resin akrilik adalah mudah patah. Salah satu cara untuk mengatasi masalah tersebut adalah dengan menambahkan polyethylene (PE) atau glass fiber. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh jenis dan volumetrik fiber terhadap kekuatan transversal reparasi plat resin akrilik. Penelitian ini menggunakan dua puluh lima plat resin akrilik kuring panas berukuran 65 x 10 x 2,5 mm. Subjek dipreparasi untuk membuat jarak 3 mm dan sudut bevel 45o. Subjek dibagi menjadi 5 kelompok, masingmasing kelompok terdiri dari 5 subjek. Kelompok 1 (kontrol) tanpa penambahan fiber, kelompok II dengan penambahan 3,7% v/v PE fiber, kelompok III dengan penambahan 7,4% v/v PE fiber, kelompok IV dengan penambahan 3,7% v/v E-glass fiber, dan kelompok V dengan penambahan 7,4% v/v E-glass fiber. Seluruh plat direndam dalam air destilasi selama satu hari pada suhu 37oC. Pengujian kekuatan transversal plat resin akrilik dengan menggunakan Universal Testing Machine dan data yang didapat dianalisis menggunakan ANAVA dua jalur dengan tingkat kepercayaan 95%. Rerata kekuatan transversal (MPa) reparasi plat resin akrilik yang diperkuat fiber: 3,7% v/v PE fiber (67,77±3,34); 7,4% v/v PE fiber (80,37±8,42); 3,7% v/v E-glass fiber (96,72±5,43); 7,4% v/v E-glass fiber (109,44±4,98); sedangkan reparasi plat resin yang tidak diperkuat fiber menghasilkan kekuatan transversal 56,27±4,7 MPa. Hasil analisis menggunakanANAVA dua jalur menunjukkan variabel jenis dan volumetrik fiber memberikan pengaruh signifikan (p<0,05), sedangkan interaksi antara jenis dan volumetrik fiber tidak berpengaruh signifikan (p>0,05). Uji post hoc Tukey menunjukkan perbedaan signifikan (p<0,05) untuk seluruh kelompok perlakuan. Penambahan E-glass fiber dalam reparasi plat resinakrilik mampu meningkatkan kekuatan transversal lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan menggunakan PE fiber. Peningkatan volumetrik fiber dapat meningkatkan kekuatan transversal reparasi plat resin akrilik. Effect Of Type And Volumetric Fiber On Transverse Strength Of Acrylic Resin Plate Repair. Acrylic resin is the most common denture base material. A disadvantage of acrylic resin is that it is easily fractured. One way to resolve this problem is by adding polyethylene (PE) or glass fibers. The purpose of this research is to find out about the effect of type and volumetric fiber on transverse strength of acrylic resin plate repaired. The experiment involved twenty five plates of heat cured acrylic with the dimensions of 65 x 10 x 2.5 mm. The speciments were prepared to create a 3 mm gap and 45° bevel. The subjects were divided into 5 groups; each group consisted of 5. Group I (control) was without fiber reinforcement, group II reinforced with 3.7% v/v PE fiber, group III reinforced with 7.4% v/v PE fiber, group IV reinforced with 3.7% v/v E-glass fiber, and group V reinforced with 7.4% v/v E-glass fiber. All plates were soaked in distilled water for one day at 37° C temperature. The plates were tested for transverse strength with Universal Testing Machine and all data obtained were analyzed with two way ANOVA at 95% confidence level. The mean of transverse strength (MPa) of the acrylic resin plate repair reinforced with fiber: 3.7% v/v PE fiber was (67.77±3.34); 7.4% v/v PE fiber (80.37±8.42); 3.7% v/v E-glass fiber (96.72±5.43); 7.4% v/v E-glass fiber (109.44±4.98); while the transverse strength of the acrylic resin plate with no fiber reinforced was 56.27±4.7 MPa. Two way ANOVA analysis shows that type and volumetric fiber had significant effect (p<0.05), while the interaction between type and volumetric fiber had no significant effect (p>0.05). Tukey post hoc test shows significant difference (p<0.05) for all groups. The addition of E-glass fibers in the acrylic resin plate repaired increased the transverse strength higher than that with PE fibers. The increase in volumetric fibers might improve the transverse strength of the acrylic resin plate repaired.

Review of research on basalt fibers and basalt fiber-reinforced composites in China (I): Physicochemical and mechanical properties

2020 ◽  
pp. 096739112097739
Author(s):  
Li Yan ◽  
Faliang Chu ◽  
Wanyong Tuo ◽  
Xiaobo Zhao ◽  
Yan Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Thermal Insulation ◽  
Sound Absorption ◽  
Acid Corrosion ◽  
Glass Fibers ◽  
Basalt Fiber ◽  
Research Progress ◽  
Sound Insulation ◽  
Basalt Fibers ◽  
Hygroscopic Properties

This paper reviewed the research progress in China on the durability, acid and alkali corrosion resistances, thermal insulation, sound insulation, and hygroscopic properties of basalt fibers (BFs) as well as the physicochemical and mechanical properties of BF-reinforced resin composites. The acidity coefficient and pH value of BFs and glass fibers (GFs) were tested, which showed that BFs had better chemical stability. Scanning electron microscopy observations showed that the acid corrosion of BFs gradually occurred from the outside to the inside, whereas the alkali corrosion of BFs occurred nearly simultaneously both inside and outside. Moreover, the reasons for these results were analyzed from a chemical reaction perspective. BFs met the thermal conductivity and sound absorption coefficient requirements of building thermal insulation and sound absorption materials. The hygroscopicity of BFs was 1/8–1/6 that of GFs, and BFs also had a smaller dielectric loss angle. Tests confirmed that BFRC exhibited great high-temperature resistance. As the short BF content increased, the flexural strength, splitting tensile strength and impermeability of BFRC significantly improved, and an optimal fiber length and content were proposed. A comparison showed that the mechanical properties of BF-reinforced resin were generally better than those of GF-reinforced resin. Finally, this review identified some concepts to be studied in this field and prospects for possible future research directions. [Formula: see text]

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