Effect of Perceived Control on Stress Reduction in Pedodontic Patients

1973 ◽  
Vol 52 (6) ◽  
pp. 1261-1264 ◽  
Author(s):  
Norman L. Corah
Keyword(s):  
Stress Reduction ◽  
Perceived Control ◽  
Galvanic Skin Response ◽  
High Stress ◽  
Stress Conditions ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Complex Relationship ◽  
Signaling Device ◽  
Dental Procedures ◽  
Skin Response

A signaling device was given to patients to reduce stress in the dental chair. Galvanic skin response during the dental procedures indicated a complex relationship. Patients with the signaling device showed less arousal under high stress conditions but somewhat higher arousal under low stress conditions when compared with a control group.

Psychological Stress Reduction During Dental Procedures

1979 ◽  
Vol 58 (4) ◽  
pp. 1347-1351 ◽  
Author(s):  
Norman L. Corah ◽  
Elliot N. Gale ◽  
Stephen J. Illig
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Stress ◽  
Stress Reduction ◽  
Perceived Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Dental Procedures ◽  
Group A ◽  
Patient Stress ◽  
Behavioral Methods ◽  
Amalgam Restorations ◽  
Active Distraction

Behavioral methods of patient stress reduction during amalgam restorations were evaluated. Eighty adult patients were randomly assigned to one of four groups of 20 each: a control group, a relaxation group, a perceived control group, and an active distraction group. Both relaxation and distraction were found to be effective in reducing patient discomfort.

scholarly journals Effects of Virtual Reality-Based Relaxation Techniques on Psychological, Physiological, and Biochemical Stress Indicators

Healthcare ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 1729
Author(s):  
Eglė Mazgelytė ◽  
Virginija Rekienė ◽  
Edita Dereškevičiūtė ◽  
Tomas Petrėnas ◽  
Jurgita Songailienė ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Stress Reduction ◽  
Galvanic Skin Response ◽  
Random Sequence ◽  
Relaxation Techniques ◽  
Relaxation Methods ◽  
Stress Indicators ◽  
Management Intervention ◽  
Skin Response ◽  
Physiological And Biochemical

Various relaxation techniques could benefit from merging with virtual reality (VR) technologies, as these technologies are easily applicable, involving, and user-friendly. To date, it is unclear which relaxation technique using biofeedback combined with VR technology is the most effective. The study aimed to compare the effectiveness of brief VR-based biofeedback-assisted relaxation techniques including electroencephalographic biofeedback, mindfulness-based biofeedback, galvanic skin response biofeedback, and respiratory biofeedback. Forty-three healthy volunteers (age 34.7 ± 7.2 years), comprising 28 (65%) women and 15 (35%) men, were enrolled in the study. All the participants were exposed to four distinct relaxation sessions according to a computer-generated random sequence. The efficacy of relaxation methods was evaluated by examining psychological, physiological, and biochemical stress indicators. All VR-based relaxation techniques reduced salivary steroid hormone (i.e., cortisol, cortisone, and total glucocorticoid) levels and increased galvanic skin response values. Similarly, all interventions led to a significantly reduced subjectively perceived psychological strain level. Three out of the four interventions (i.e., electroencephalographic, respiratory, and galvanic skin response-based biofeedback relaxation sessions) resulted in a decreased self-reported fatigue level. We suggest that newly developed VR-based relaxations techniques are potential tools for stress reduction and might be particularly suitable for individuals who are not capable of adhering to a strict and time-consuming stress management intervention schedule.

scholarly journals The Effect of Inquiry-Based Stress Reduction on Teacher Burnout: A Controlled Trial

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 468 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lia Schnaider-Levi ◽  
Ariel B. Ganz ◽  
Keren Zafrani ◽  
Zehavit Goldman ◽  
Inbal Mitnik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Exhaustion ◽  
Stress Reduction ◽  
Passive Control ◽  
Teacher Burnout ◽  
High Stress ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Personal Accomplishment ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Economic Costs

Burnout is a well-known phenomenon with significant social, biological and economic costs. In particular, teacher burnout is associated with unfavorable mental health outcomes and economic costs due to reduced hours and teacher turnover. This study investigated the effect of an Inquiry-Based Stress Reduction (IBSR) cognitive-reframing program on teacher burnout using a quasi-experimental design. Fifty-three teachers participated in a prospective intervention with a passive control group. The intervention group completed a 12-week IBSR program with 4.5 h of weekly engagement. Relative to control, teachers in the intervention group showed greater improvements in emotional exhaustion (18.8 ± 5.2 to 15.9 ± 5.7 vs. 16.0 ± 4.8 to 17.4 ± 4.8; p = 0.01) and personal accomplishment (21.8 ± 5.0 to 24.6 ± 4.3 vs. 21.9 ± 4.5 to 22.8 ± 4.3; p = 0.04). Significant correlations were found between change in emotional exhaustion and negative affect (positive correlation; r = 0.32; p = 0.034) and between personal accomplishment and perceived stress (negative correlation; r = −0.451; p = 0.002). This study demonstrates the potential of IBSR to improve teacher well-being. Future randomized studies are needed to evaluate the causality of IBSR in reducing burnout among teachers and other high-stress workplaces.

scholarly journals LO77: Performance enhancing psychological skills in clinical simulation

CJEM ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (S1) ◽  
pp. S35-S35
Author(s):  
E. Johannessen ◽  
T. Davies ◽  
A. Valeriano ◽  
E. Blackmore ◽  
A. Belyea ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Load ◽  
Acute Care ◽  
Galvanic Skin Response ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Psychological Skills ◽  
Spike Density ◽  
Clinical Simulation ◽  
Breathing Exercises ◽  
Skin Response ◽  
Performance Enhancing

Introduction: Clinical simulations in are designed to evoke feelings of stress and uncertainty in order to mimic challenges that learners will face in the real world. When not managed properly, these sources of extraneous cognitive load cause a burden on working memory, leading to a hindered ability to acquire new information. The “Beat the Stress Fool” (BTSF) protocol is a performance-enhancing tool designed to reduce cognitive overload during acute care scenarios. It involves breathing exercises, positive self-talk, visualization, and deliberate articulations. This study aims to validate the BTSF protocol as a method for reducing cognitive load using both psychometric and physiologic measures. Methods: Data collection took place during the Queen's University “Nightmares-FM” course. This clinical simulation program involves team-based scenarios designed to teach the fundamentals of acute care to first-year family medicine residents. Participants were divided equally into experimental and control groups based on pre-existing cohorts. Participants completed a baseline state-trait anxiety inventory and a demographics survey. The experimental group was guided through the BTSF protocol prior to each of 16 simulations; in both groups, physiologic and psychometric cognitive load measurements were collected for the alternating team leader. Galvanic skin response (GSR) and heart rate (HR) were collected during a 15-second baseline and throughout each simulation using a Shimmer 3 GSR+ wearable sensor. Self-reported cognitive load was assessed after each scenario using the 9-point Paas scale. Results: The mean Paas scores for the BTSF group were significantly lower than the control group (6.2 vs 6.9, p < 0.05), indicating lower subjective cognitive load. GSR signal magnitude (p = 0.086), spike amplitude (p = 0.066), and spike density (p = 0.584) were also lower in the BTSF group. There was no difference in HR between groups. There was not a significant correlation between self-reported cognitive load and the normalized physiologic measures. Conclusion: The results demonstrate the effectiveness of the BTSF protocol in lowering the amount of perceived mental effort required to perform clinical simulation tasks. These findings were mirrored in the galvanic skin response signal, though our study was likely underpowered for significance. This is the first study to validate a proof-of-concept for the BTSF protocol in learners during simulated training.

scholarly journals Recognition of Stress Activation by Unobtrusive Multi Sensing Setup

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (14) ◽  
pp. 6381
Author(s):  
Veronica Chiara Zuccalà ◽  
Riccardo Favilla ◽  
Giuseppe Coppini
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Feature Selection ◽  
Respiratory Rate ◽  
Galvanic Skin Response ◽  
Stress Conditions ◽  
Self Organizing Map ◽  
Cognitive Activation ◽  
Skin Response ◽  
Stroop Color Word Test ◽  
Definition Of

It is recognized that stress conditions play an important role in the definition of individual wellness and represent a major risk factor for most non-communicable diseases. Most studies focus on the evaluation of response to maximal stress conditions while a few of them reports results about the detection/monitoring of response to mild stimulations. In this study, we investigate the capability of some physiological signs and indicators (including Heart Rate, Heart Rate Variability, Respiratory Rate, Galvanic Skin Response) to recognize stress in response to moderate cognitive activation in daily life settings. To achieve this goal, we built up an unobtrusive platform to collect signals from healthy volunteers (10 subjects) undergoing cognitive activation via Stroop Color Word Test. We integrated our dataset with data from the Stress Recognition in the Automobile Drivers dataset. Following data harmonization, signal recordings in both datasets were split into five-minute blocks and a set of 12 features was extracted from each block. A feature selection was implemented by two complementary approaches: Sequential Forward Feature Selection (SFFS) and Auto-Encoder (AE) neural networks. Finally, we explored the use of Self-Organizing Map (SOM) to provide a flexible representation of an individual status. From the initial feature set we have determined, by SFFS analysis, that 2 of them (median Respiratory Rate and number peaks in Galvanic Skin Response signals) can discriminate activation statuses from resting ones. In addition, AE experiments also support that two features can suffice for recognition. Finally, we showed that SOM can provide a comprehensive but compact description of activation statuses allowing a fine prototypical representation of individual status.

scholarly journals Measurements of Galvanic Skin Response on Subjects Affected by Stress

2019 ◽  
Vol 71 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-29
Author(s):  
Loredana Cristina Dascălu ◽  
Claudiu Babiș ◽  
Oana Chivu ◽  
Gabriel Iacobescu ◽  
Ana Maria Alecusan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Galvanic Skin Response ◽  
Emotional State ◽  
Eating Habits ◽  
High Stress ◽  
Mental Task ◽  
Data Set ◽  
The People ◽  
Sweat Secretion ◽  
Skin Response

Abstract The aim of the present paper is to study the Galvanic Skin Response (GSR) level on subjects affected by stress. The device that we have used, connects to the people by finger electrodes to record GSR. The purpose was to find statistical differences between the activities (mental task, walking, sitting and to fill out a survey about their lives) and their stress level. During the experiment, it was found that the survey caused the source of high stress and increasing skin conductance was caused by sweat secretion (mental, physical activity). Is needed to work of collecting data from more subjects because GSR is depended on human behaviour, is variable upon many factors (their eating habits, their emotional state, their gender, their relationship with family, etc) and we need to build a substantial data set for a valid research.

Self-Injurious Behavior vs. Nonsuicidal Self-Injury

Crisis ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 106-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher M. Bloom ◽  
Shareen Holly ◽  
Adam M. P. Miller
Keyword(s):  
Positive Reinforcement ◽  
Empirical Investigation ◽  
High Stress ◽  
Animal Research ◽  
Stress Conditions ◽  
Human Populations ◽  
Pharmacological Interventions ◽  
Self Injury ◽  
Cns Stimulant ◽  
Nonsuicidal Self Injury

Background: Historically, the field of self-injury has distinguished between the behaviors exhibited among individuals with a developmental disability (self-injurious behaviors; SIB) and those present within a normative population (nonsuicidal self-injury; NSSI),which typically result as a response to perceived stress. More recently, however, conclusions about NSSI have been drawn from lines of animal research aimed at examining the neurobiological mechanisms of SIB. Despite some functional similarity between SIB and NSSI, no empirical investigation has provided precedent for the application of SIB-targeted animal research as justification for pharmacological interventions in populations demonstrating NSSI. Aims: The present study examined this question directly, by simulating an animal model of SIB in rodents injected with pemoline and systematically manipulating stress conditions in order to monitor rates of self-injury. Methods: Sham controls and experimental animals injected with pemoline (200 mg/kg) were assigned to either a low stress (discriminated positive reinforcement) or high stress (discriminated avoidance) group and compared on the dependent measures of self-inflicted injury prevalence and severity. Results: The manipulation of stress conditions did not impact the rate of self-injury demonstrated by the rats. The results do not support a model of stress-induced SIB in rodents. Conclusions: Current findings provide evidence for caution in the development of pharmacotherapies of NSSI in human populations based on CNS stimulant models. Theoretical implications are discussed with respect to antecedent factors such as preinjury arousal level and environmental stress.

scholarly journals Inquiry Based Stress Reduction (IBSR) Improves Overall Stuttering Experience among Adults Who Stutter: A Randomized Controlled Trial

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 2187
Author(s):  
Omrit Feldman ◽  
Eran Goldstien ◽  
Benjamin Rolnik ◽  
Ariel B. Ganz ◽  
Shahar Lev-Ari
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Stress Reduction ◽  
Satisfaction With Life ◽  
Psychological Flexibility ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The United States ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Adults Who Stutter

Stuttering is a speech disorder that can cause disturbances in the timing and flow of speech. In addition to being a communication disorder, stuttering is often accompanied by a reduction in the quality of life and has impacts on social status, mental well-being, self-acceptance, and the chances of integration into the labor market. The Inquiry Based Stress Reduction (IBSR) program, developed in the United States by Byron Katie in 1986, is the clinical application of “The Work” method (Thework.com) and represents an emerging mindfulness and cognitive-reframing method. IBSR has been demonstrated to improve mental health and well-being in adults and may alleviate psychological and psychosocial symptoms of stuttering. The purpose of this trial was to examine the effect of a 12-week IBSR intervention on the overall stuttering experience and indicators of anxiety, psychological flexibility, and well-being among adults who stutter (AWS). This study was a randomized controlled clinical trial. Participants were randomized to IBSR (n = 28) and control (n = 28) groups. Validated questionnaires of overall stuttering experience (OASES-A), anxiety (STAI), psychological flexibility (PFQ), and satisfaction with life (SWLS) were completed before, after, and one month after the intervention. An intention-to-treat approach was implemented for analysis. Our results show that participants in the IBSR intervention group exhibited a greater improvement in their overall stuttering experience as compared to the control group, as well as in general information on stuttering awareness and perception, reactions to stuttering, communication in daily situations, and quality of life. In addition, we found a greater reduction in anxiety levels and an increase in satisfaction-with-life scores in the IBSR group. These results indicate that IBSR can improve the overall stuttering experience.

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