scholarly journals Genetic and Environmental Influences on Achievement Outcomes Based on Family History of Learning Disabilities Status

2018 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
pp. 135-145 ◽  
Author(s):  
Florina Erbeli ◽  
Sara A. Hart ◽  
Jeanette Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Learning Disabilities ◽  
Family History ◽  
Learning Disability ◽  
Positive Family History ◽  
Reading Behavior ◽  
Achievement Outcomes ◽  
History Of ◽  
Mean Differences ◽  
Achievement Outcome

A risk to develop a learning disability has been shown to run in families. Having a positive family history of learning disability seems to account for mean differences in achievement outcomes (reading, math) in that children with a positive family history score significantly lower compared to their peers with no such family history. However, the role of family history status in explaining etiological (genetic and environmental) differences among these subgroups of children has yet to be established. The present study of 872 twins ( Mage = 13.30, SDage = 1.40) from the Florida Twin Project on Reading, Behavior, and Environment utilized a multigroup approach to examine etiological differences on reading, spelling, and math among two subgroups defined by family history status. Results showed significant mean differences on all achievement outcomes, aside from math; however, no significant etiological differences on any achievement outcome were found among the two subgroups. Results support previous literature that the risk for developing a learning disability is transmitted through a family, but this is seemingly not manifested by differential etiology.

scholarly journals Corrigendum

2018 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
pp. NP1-NP1
Keyword(s):  
Learning Disabilities ◽  
Missing Data ◽  
Family History ◽  
Math Achievement ◽  
The Other ◽  
Math Fluency ◽  
P Values ◽  
Achievement Outcomes ◽  
History Of ◽  
Made In

Erbeli, F., Hart, S. A., & Taylor, J. (2018). Genetic and environmental influences on achievement outcomes based on family history of learning disabilities status. Journal of Learning Disabilites. Advance online publication. (Original doi: 10.1177/0022219418775116 ) In the version of this article originally published OnlineFirst, an error was made in the coding of missing data for math fluency. The mistake is limited to the math fluency measure only (a miscode of the data resulted in missing data being set to 0), and is limited to the specific numbers reported for the math achievement measure. The mistake did not result in a change in the pattern, or implications, of the results. Tables 1, 2, 3, and 4, Figure 3, as well as a sentence in the Results section, have been corrected online and in subsequent versions of the article. All the other sections of the paper remain intact. The conclusions continue to be supported by the new data and verifiable analyses. The corrected sentence is as follows: Outcomes on all achievement measures, aside from math fluency, were statistically significant indicators of FH+ status, as shown by the p values.

Role of Polymorphism IL-1β Gene in Development of Febrile Seizures in Children (Review)

2015 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 183-188
Author(s):  
Мартынова ◽  
G. Martynova ◽  
Шнайдер ◽  
N. Shnayder ◽  
Строганова ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Family History ◽  
Literature Search ◽  
Positive Family History ◽  
Gene Mutations ◽  
Febrile Seizures ◽  
Cytokine Gene ◽  
Cytokine Gene Polymorphism ◽  
History Of ◽  
Definition Of

This review provides information on the definition of febrile seizures in children, presents modern data on the dependence of the genetic predisposition to IL-Ιβ gene mutations and development of febrile seizures in children. Purpose of the review is analysis of available publications devoted to the study of the role of IL-Ιβ polymorphism in the development of febrile seizures in children. The literature search included available full-text publications in Russian and English databases. It was found that febrile seizures are characteristic for children from 6 months to 3 years. The causes of seizures still serve as a subject of debate. Family history of febrile seizures in the development is most important risk factor. Positive family history can be detected in 25-40% of patients. Components of the immune response may play a role in the pathogenesis of febrile seizures. One factor is a pro-inflammatory cytokine gene polymorphism of interleukin-ΐβ (IL-Ιβ). The analysis of the literature demonstrates the need for a detailed study of the genetic causes of febrile seizures in children, especially in patients with a positive family history.

Intellectual Differences in Relation to Personal and Family Handedness

1976 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 591-601 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gary G. Briggs ◽  
Robert D. Nebes ◽  
Marcel Kinsbourne
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Family History ◽  
Hemispheric Specialization ◽  
Positive Family History ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
The Other ◽  
Cognitive Tests ◽  
Left Handed ◽  
History Of

Right, mixed and left-handed college students were given the complete WAIS, and a series of cognitive factor tests. Results showed left- and mixed-handed individuals to have a significantly lower full scale I.Q. than right-handers. There was no difference between the mixed and left-handers. In all three handedness groups, subjects with a positive family history of sinistrality had a lower full scale I.Q. than did subjects without left-handed relatives. Neither handedness nor family history differentially affected the Verbal or Performance subscales, nor did they have a significant effect on scores in the other cognitive tests. These results are discussed with respect to Levy's theory of hemispheric specialization, and to the role of inheritance and brain damage in the causation of left- and mixed-handedness.

scholarly journals Family history as an important factor for stratifying participants in genetic studies of major depression

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
B Zalar ◽  
A Blatnik ◽  
A Maver ◽  
Z Klemenc-Ketiš ◽  
B Peterlin
Keyword(s):  
Family History ◽  
Genetic Risk ◽  
Positive Family History ◽  
Risk Variants ◽  
Common Genetic Variants ◽  
World Mental Health Survey ◽  
History Of ◽  
Sporadic Cases ◽  
Family History Of Depression

Abstract Depression is estimated to affect 350 million people worldwide. The World Mental Health Survey conducted in 17 countries found that, on average, about one in 20 people reported having an episode of depression in the previous year. Although depression has been shown to be moderately heritable by studies conducted in the past, the search for its so-called missing heritability has so far been unsuccessful. The difficulty in identifying common genetic variants predisposing to depression could be due to large sample sizes needed to detect small effects on genetic risk and the heterogeneous nature of major depressive disorder (MDD). The aim of our study was to determine whether there was a connection between a family history of depression in MDD patients and the presence of putative risk variants in the well-studied SLC6A4, COMT and PCLO genes. We analyzed 133 patients with MDD (30.0% with a positive family history for MDD and 70.0% sporadic cases) and compared them to 279 healthy controls. When comparing all the depressed patients to controls, no significant differences in genotype and allele distributions were detected. After stratifying patients according to their family history, the PCLO rs2522833 C allele was shown to be significantly less common in patients with a positive family history (p = 0.001), indicating a possible difference in the genetic structure of MDD between familial and sporadic cases and a less important role of the common genetic risk variants for the development of MDD in familial cases.

The role of a family history of adenocarcinomas in patients with Barrett oesophagus

2001 ◽  
Vol 120 (5) ◽  
pp. A442-A442
Author(s):  
P TSIBOURIS ◽  
M HENDRICKSE ◽  
P ISAACS
Keyword(s):  
Family History ◽  
History Of ◽  
Barrett Oesophagus

scholarly journals The role of pubertal timing in the link between family history of alcohol use disorder and late adolescent substance use

2020 ◽  
Vol 210 ◽  
pp. 107955
Author(s):  
Alexander S. Weigard ◽  
Jillian E. Hardee ◽  
Robert A. Zucker ◽  
Mary M. Heitzeg ◽  
Adriene M. Beltz
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Family History ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Alcohol Use Disorder ◽  
Pubertal Timing ◽  
Adolescent Substance Use ◽  
Late Adolescent ◽  
Adolescent Substance ◽  
History Of

scholarly journals The association between diabetes and thyroid cancer risk: a hospital-based case-control study in China

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Meng Wang ◽  
Wei-Wei Gong ◽  
Feng Lu ◽  
Ru-Ying Hu ◽  
Qing-Fang He ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Family History ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Positive Family History ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Diabetes Duration ◽  
Family History Of Diabetes ◽  
Thyroid Cancer Risk ◽  
History Of ◽  
Control Study

Abstract Background Previous studies have indicated inconsistent relationships of diabetes with thyroid cancer risk, yet little is known in China. In this study, we aimed to investigate the associations between diabetes, diabetes duration and the risk of thyroid cancer in Chinese population. Methods A 1:1 matched case-control study was performed between 2015 and 2017 in Zhejiang Province including 2,937 thyroid cancer cases and 2,937 healthy controls. Odds ratios (ORs) with 95 % confidence intervals (CIs) for thyroid cancer were estimated in logistic regression models. Specific effects stratified by age, as well as sex, body mass index (BMI) and family history of diabetes were also examined. Results Overall, neither diabetes (OR = 0.75, 95 % CI: 0.21–2.73) nor diabetes duration (OR = 0.14, 95 % CI: 0.02–1.22 for diabetes duration ≦ 5 years; OR = 2.10, 95 % CI: 0.32–13.94 for diabetes duration > 5 years) was significantly associated with thyroid cancer. In stratified analyses, significant lower risk of thyroid cancer was observed among subjects with diabetes and shorter diabetes duration ( ≦ 5 years), but limited to those who were aged more than 40 years, female, overweight/obese and had positive family history of diabetes. Conclusions Diabetes and shorter diabetes duration were significantly associated with decreased risk of thyroid cancer in individuals characterized by older age, female sex, higher BMI and positive family history of diabetes.

Culture and Contracts: The Historical Legacy of Forced Labour

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arthur Blouin
Keyword(s):  
Family History ◽  
Historical Legacy ◽  
Colonial Policy ◽  
Ethnic Tension ◽  
History Of ◽  
Forced Labour ◽  
Divide And Rule

Abstract Can divide-and-rule colonial policy be responsible for contemporary ethnic tension? This paper empirically investigates the role of a divisive and extractive colonial policy on Hutu-Tutsi discord in Rwanda and Burundi. It shows that Hutu with a family history of subjugation to forced labour by Tutsi chiefs are less trusting of Tutsi today and less willing to partner with Tutsi for a cooperative task. This may have implications for agriculture insurance agreements since Hutu are more agrarian and Tutsi are more pastoral. Indeed, Hutu with a forced labour family history make fewer inter-household insurance agreements and are more likely to experience default.

scholarly journals Differential expression of micro RNA-29 family in non-diabetic adults of diabetic and non-diabetic parents

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Uzair Abbas ◽  
Bushra Imdad ◽  
Sikander Adil Mughal ◽  
Israr Ahmed Baloch ◽  
Afshan Mehboob Khan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Family History ◽  
Positive Family History ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Micro Rna ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Family History Of Diabetes ◽  
History Of

Abstract Objective MicroRNAs are known to regulate 60% of genes at post translational level. MicroRNAs including Micro RNA-29 family play a vital role in cellular activities and have validate role in numerous metabolic disorders inclusive of diabetes mellitus and its complications. While micro RNA profile changes years before the occurrence of disease. This cross-sectional study was conducted in non-diabetic adults of diabetic and non-diabetic parents to explore the early changes in expression of micro RNA-29 family as it can be served as early biomarker of type 2 diabetes in non-diabetic adults. This study was conducted from January 2019 to January 2021. Micro RNA was extracted from plasma of 50 participants and expression was compared through qPCR. While data was analyzed through SPSS version 21.0. Results 29a and 29b had lower expression in participants with family history of DM compared to those having no family history of DM (P < 0.0001). While micro RNA 29c was found to be significantly higher in participants with positive family history of type 2 diabetes as compared to those without family history of diabetes (P = 0.001).

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document