Who Is Wary of User Design? The Role of Power-Distance Beliefs in Preference for User-Designed Products

2019 ◽  
Vol 83 (3) ◽  
pp. 91-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neeru Paharia ◽  
Vanitha Swaminathan
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Power Distance ◽  
The United States ◽  
Political Orientation ◽  
Brand Preference ◽  
User Design ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
High Power Distance

This article evaluates when a user-design approach is and is not effective in strengthening brand preference. It specifically delves into the role of power-distance beliefs in influencing preferences for user-designed products and brands. The authors demonstrate that low-power-distance consumers prefer user-designed products to company-designed products, whereas this effect is attenuated or reversed for high-power-distance consumers. The authors find process evidence that both feelings of empowerment and values of expertise differentially mediate brand preferences depending on power-distance beliefs, thus extending prior research findings. Field experiments conducted in the United States and cross-culturally (Austria and Guatemala) with Facebook’s advertising platform provide convergent evidence using country and political orientation as managerially accessible proxies. This research sheds light on when and why firms should be wary of user-design approaches, based on how power-distance beliefs drive consumers’ preferences.

The Role of Grit Among Kenyan Immigrants in the United States

2021 ◽  
pp. 212-231
Author(s):  
Sharon Ndolo
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Research Design ◽  
Research Study ◽  
The United States ◽  
Qualitative Approach ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Positive Outcomes ◽  
Research Findings

This research study examines the role of grit in the success of Kenyan immigrants in the United States. It gives an illustration as to why grit is more relevant than IQ in the accomplishment of long-term goals. It will also examine the importance of learning from a motivational point of view. Finally, it will investigate how Kenyan immigrants with grit handled challenging situations that they faced while in the United States and the positive outcomes that resulted after their decision to be passionate on their set goals. A qualitative approach was selected as the research design for this study using unstructured interviews. The research findings indicate that grit contributed to the success of the five Kenyan immigrants in the United States. Challenges that people face in life can lead to feelings of worthlessness and giving up on set goals. However, the grit predisposition present in all the five participants in the study enabled them to overcome their challenges as noted in the findings, and they all accomplished their set goals.

The Structure and Role of the Underwriting Syndicate

2018 ◽  
pp. 389-411
Author(s):  
Sébastien Dereeper ◽  
Armin Schwienbacher
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Initial Public Offering ◽  
The United States ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Comprehensive Picture ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Syndicate Structure ◽  
Research Questions ◽  
Public Offering

This chapter presents research findings on the structure and role of underwriter syndicates in the initial public offering (IPO) process, thereby extending the list of participants beyond the lead underwriter. The authors rely on recent studies to offer a more comprehensive picture of syndicate structure and size in Europe and the United States. Research questions being addressed include the following: How are underpricing and reputation linked to syndicates? How many banks should be included in the syndicate? What responsibilities can be shared? Finally, the chapter concludes with a discussion of avenues for future research on IPO syndicate structure.

scholarly journals Disease and Disapproval: COVID-19 Concern is Related to Greater Moral Condemnation

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 147470492110215
Author(s):  
Robert K. Henderson ◽  
Simone Schnall
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Disease ◽  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
Political Orientation ◽  
Moral Judgments ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Rational Thought ◽  
Moral Condemnation ◽  
Moral Transgressions

Prior research has indicated that disease threat and disgust are associated with harsher moral condemnation. We investigated the role of a specific, highly salient health concern, namely the spread of the coronavirus, and associated COVID-19 disease, on moral disapproval. We hypothesized that individuals who report greater subjective worry about COVID-19 would be more sensitive to moral transgressions. Across three studies ( N = 913), conducted March-May 2020 as the pandemic started to unfold in the United States, we found that individuals who were worried about contracting the infectious disease made harsher moral judgments than those who were relatively less worried. This effect was not restricted to transgressions involving purity, but extended to transgressions involving harm, fairness, authority, and loyalty, and remained when controlling for political orientation. Furthermore, for Studies 1 and 2 the effect also was robust when taking into account the contamination subscale of the Disgust Scale–Revised. These findings add to the growing literature that concrete threats to health can play a role in abstract moral considerations, supporting the notion that judgments of wrongdoing are not based on rational thought alone.

The Role of Gender and Sensation Seeking in Film Choice

2008 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 97-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Smita C. Banerjee ◽  
Kathryn Greene ◽  
Marina Krcmar ◽  
Zhanna Bagdasarov ◽  
Dovile Ruginyte
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Sensation Seeking ◽  
Negative Mood ◽  
Positive Mood ◽  
The United States ◽  
High Arousal ◽  
Subject Design ◽  
Happy Mood

This study demonstrates the significance of individual difference factors, particularly gender and sensation seeking, in predicting media choice (examined through hypothetical descriptions of films that participants anticipated they would view). This study used a 2 (Positive mood/negative mood) × 2 (High arousal/low arousal) within-subject design with 544 undergraduate students recruited from a large northeastern university in the United States. Results showed that happy films and high arousal films were preferred over sad films and low-arousal films, respectively. In terms of gender differences, female viewers reported a greater preference than male viewers for happy-mood films. Also, male viewers reported a greater preference for high-arousal films compared to female viewers, and female viewers reported a greater preference for low-arousal films compared to male viewers. Finally, high sensation seekers reported a preference for high-arousal films. Implications for research design and importance of exploring media characteristics are discussed.

The link between coronavirus, anxiety, and religious beliefs in the United States and United Kingdom

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesco Rigoli
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
United Kingdom ◽  
Religious Beliefs ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The United States ◽  
Christian Faith ◽  
Stressful Event ◽  
Cultural Implications ◽  
The Impact

Research has shown that stress impacts on people’s religious beliefs. However, several aspects of this effect remain poorly understood, for example regarding the role of prior religiosity and stress-induced anxiety. This paper explores these aspects in the context of the recent coronavirus emergency. The latter has impacted dramatically on many people’s well-being; hence it can be considered a highly stressful event. Through online questionnaires administered to UK and USA citizens professing either Christian faith or no religion, this paper examines the impact of the coronavirus crisis upon common people’s religious beliefs. We found that, following the coronavirus emergency, strong believers reported higher confidence in their religious beliefs while non-believers reported increased scepticism towards religion. Moreover, for strong believers, higher anxiety elicited by the coronavirus threat was associated with increased strengthening of religious beliefs. Conversely, for non-believers, higher anxiety elicited by the coronavirus thereat was associated with increased scepticism towards religious beliefs. These observations are consistent with the notion that stress-induced anxiety enhances support for the ideology already embraced before a stressful event occurs. This study sheds light on the psychological and cultural implications of the coronavirus crisis, which represents one of the most serious health emergencies in recent times.

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