Sistem Pengendalian Kadar PH dan Penyiraman Tanaman Hidroponik Model Wick System

Hidroponik merupakan cara bercocok tanam menggunakan media air dengan parameter tertentu. Kadar pH dankuantitas air adalah parameter penting yang perlu diperhatikan, sebab pH yang stabil dan air yang cukup akanmembuat pertumbuhan dan kualitas tanaman baik. Petani di dusun Cisarua, Natar melakukan proses penyiraman dan pengendalian pH air tanaman sawi (pakcoy) hidroponik model wick system (sumbu sebagai media akar)secara manual, menggunakan alat ukur pH A009 dengan rentang nilai pH 6.3 – 6.8. Petani harus mengawasitanaman dengan rutin seperti menambah cairan pH Up saat pH air turun, dan cairan pH Down ketika pH tanamanterlalu tinggi, serta menambah air pada tandon. Teknologi Internet of Things (IoT) dapat membantu sistempengendalian dan penyiraman tanaman hidroponik model wick system, sehingga petani mudah untukmemonitoring pH dan tinggi air dari jarak jauh. Metode Rapid Application Development (RAD) yang memilikifase Requirement Planning, User Design, Construction, dan Cutover digunakan sebagai metode pembuatansistem pengendali kadar pH dan menghasilkan sebuah sistem yang dapat meningkatkan kualitas bobot tanaman10 gram atau 12,5% lebih baik dibandingkan pertumbuhan tanaman yang dikendalikan secara manual.Kata kunci: pH, tinggi air,wick system, RAD, dan IoT.

Ethical Benefits and Drawbacks of Digitally Informed Consent

As organizations steadily adopt remote and virtual capabilities, informed consent processes are increasingly managed by digital technologies. These digital methods are generating novel opportunities to collect individuals' permissions for use of private information but are blurring traditional boundaries of consent communication and documentation. Therefore, the rapid growth of digital technologies used for informed consent as well as the sheer volume of data resulting from electronic data capture are generating complex questions about individual engagement and data practices. This chapter presents emerging risks, benefits, and ethical principles about digital informed consent methods and technologies. For the areas where digital informed consent creates ethical uncertainties, ethical guidelines and user-design recommendations are provided.

Approximate Square Root Circuits with Low Latency and Power Dissipation

This paper proposes a series of approximate square root circuit designs with high accuracy, low latency, low area, and low power dissipation requirements. The proposed designs are constructed using an array of controlled add–subtract cell elements with both exact and approximate versions. The utility of the proposed designs are evaluated by utilizing them in an example image contrast enhancement application with demonstrably satisfactory results and large peak signal-to-noise ratios and structural similarity values. The accuracy and hardware characteristics of the proposed square root designs are also analyzed and compared with previously proposed state-of-the-art approximate square root designs. When applied to a 16-bit radicand (the number under the square root symbol), the proposed designs have the lowest error rates, normalized mean error distances, and mean relative error distances by at least 1.8x when compared to all previous methods using the same number of approximate cells. When the designs were synthesized using Synopsys Design Compiler with a 28 nm bulk CMOS process, the delay, area, power, and power-delay-product characteristics outperform all previous designs in all but a few cases. These results demonstrate that the proposed designs permit the use of a flexible range of approximate designs with varying accuracy and hardware overhead characteristics, and a suitable design can be selected based on the user design requirements.

User Engagement and User Design on Online Shopping Apps

Most people nowadays use mobile phones, and they do a lot of things with this device, including online shopping through an app since it saves a lot of time, and they can choose a broad range of products even with just a small screen. User engagement is one of the factors that affect the design of an app. Referring to the quality of the user that emphasizes the interaction between the user and the app. Numerous studies internationally have studied user engagement and app design but not specifically with the user engagement towards shopping apps design. We conducted this study to assess the effectiveness of user engagement towards online shopping apps design. Also, the purpose of this study is to identify user engagement factors that will produce a successful good shopping app design. The results show a high level of user engagement and online shopping apps design. It has also been found that among the indicators of user engagement, attention and satisfaction are the two predictors of the design of online shopping apps

Association between SGLT2 Inhibitors vs DPP-4 Inhibitors and Risk of Pneumonia Among Patients with Type 2 Diabetes

Context Patients with diabetes are at a higher risk of pneumonia and pneumonia mortality. Sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2is), the latest class of glucose-lowering agents, were shown to reduce the risk of pneumonia in clinical trials. However, the real-world effectiveness of SGLT2is on the risk of pneumonia is largely unknown. Objective To investigate the associations between SGLT2is use and the risk of pneumonia and pneumonia mortality compared to dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors (DPP4is) using an electronic medical database in Hong Kong. Design A retrospective cohort study. The “prevalent new-user” design was adopted to account for the previous exposure to the study drugs being compared. Propensity score (PS) matching (1:4) was used to balance the baseline characteristics of the two groups. Setting and participants Electronic health data of type 2 diabetes patients using SGLT2is and DPP4is between 2015 and 2018 was collected from the Clinical Data Analysis and Reporting System (CDARS). Main Outcome Measures Pneumonia incidence and mortality. Results The PS-matched cohort consisted of 6,664 users of SGLT2is and 26,656 users of DPP4is, with a mean follow-up of 3.8 years. Poisson regression showed that SGLT2is use was associated with lower risk of pneumonia compared to DPP4is with an absolute rate difference of 4.05 per 1000 person-years (95% CI: 2.61-5.51). The corresponding IRR was 0.71 (95% CI: 0.62-0.81). Similar reduction in risk of pneumonia death was observed (HR: 0.57; 95% CI: 0.42-0.77). Conclusion Compared to DPP4is, SGLT2is use was associated with a reduced risk of pneumonia and pneumonia mortality in a real-world setting.

Pengembangan Aplikasi E-Learning Edu IT : Pembuatan Aplikasi Ujian Essay Online serta Upload Download Materi Kuliah

<p class="Judul2"> </p><p class="Abstrak">Dunia pendidikan sekarang sudah banyak yang menggunakan kecanggihan teknologi dan berbasis internet, seperti proses belajar mengajar secara elektronik atau dikenal dengan e-learning. Salah satu fitur e-learning dalam proses belajar mengajar adalah dapat menampilkan materi, soal latihan, percakapan melalui text/video maupun video, kuis, dan ujian secara elektronik. Contoh di dunia Pendidikan yang menggunakan <em>e-learning </em>adalah Universitas Katolik Musi Charitas yang merupakan salah satu Perguruan Tinggi Swasta di Palembang. Selama ini di UKMC, ujian masih dilakukan secara konvensional yaitu menggunakan kertas yang nantinya akan memperbanyak tumpukan kertas yang sudah ada sebelumnya. Selain itu, distribusi materi kuliah masih sering dilakukan melalui flashdisk/e-mail. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk membuat aplikasi ujian essay online serta upload download materi kuliah di satu aplikasi (pengembangan dari aplikasi portal tugas). Pembuatan aplikasi ini dapat membantu proses konvensional untuk berkembang dengan menggunakan teknologi dan secara real time. Proses pengerjaan penelitian ini dimulai dari Requirements Planning, User Design, Construction, dan Cutover hingga yang terakhir adalah pembuatan laporan akhir penelitian. Penelitian ini akan menampilkan suatu menu dropdown yaitu soal Essay dengan soal-soal yang perlu dijawab dengan lengkap dan detail. Selanjutnya akan tampil nilai untuk masing-masing mahasiswa. Selain itu pada aplikasi ini juga akan ditambahkan suatu menu untuk upload dan download materi kuliah sehingga nantinya akan menjadi suatu e-learning yang lengkap. Hasilnya adalah interaksi antara mahasiswa dan dosen tidak hanya dapat dilakukan secara konvensional, tetapi dapat pula dilakukan secara daring/<em>online</em> dan dapat mengurangi tumpukan kertas.</p><p class="Abstrak"> </p><p class="Abstrak"><em><strong>Abstract</strong></em></p><p class="Abstract"><em>The world of education is now many who use technological sophistication and internet based, such as the process of teaching electronic learning/which is known as e-learning. One of the e-learning features in the teaching and learning process is that it can display materials, exercises, conversations through text/video or videos, quizzes, and exams electronically. During this time in UKMC, exams are still done in conventional way, namely using paper that will reproduce the papers that are not used anymore. In addition, the distribution of lecture materials is still often done through flash or e-mail. The purpose of this research is to make an online essay exam application as well as upload downloadable lecture material in one application which is a development of portal task application. This research will temporarily be tested to information and informatics systems students. The creation of this application can help the conventional process to evolve using technology and in real time. The process of this research is started from requirements Planning, User Design, Construction, and Cutover until the last is the generation of final research report. This research will show a drop down menu which is Essay about essay with questions in the form of essays that need to be answered with complete and detail. In addition to this application will also be added a menu to upload and download lecture materials so it will later become a complete e-learning. The result is that the interactions between students and lecturers are not conventionally and can reduce paperless.</em><em> </em></p>

Infection hospitalisation in systemic lupus in Sweden

ObjectiveImmune dysregulation in SLE and the corresponding immune-modulating and immunosuppressive nature of the treatments may play key roles in infection risk. We compared serious infection rates among individuals with incident SLE with the general population, and examined the role of treatment initiation in SLE.MethodsNewly diagnosed patients with SLE (2006–2013) and general population comparators from the Swedish Lupus Linkage cohort were followed for serious infection through 2016. Adjusted Cox and frailty models estimated the relative risk of first and recurrent infections, respectively. Using a new-user design, rates of serious infections were compared between disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) and hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) initiators. We then evaluated three DMARDs (azathioprine, mycophenolate mofetil and methotrexate) in multivariable-adjusted models.ResultsIndividuals with SLE experienced more infections (22% vs 6%), especially during the first year of follow-up, and recurrent serious infections were also more common (HR=2.22, 95% CI 1.93 to 2.56). DMARDs were associated with a higher rate of serious infection versus HCQ (HR=1.82, 95% CI 1.27 to 2.60), which attenuated after multivariable-adjustment (HR=1.30, 95% CI 0.86 to 1.95). Among DMARDs, azathioprine was associated with infection (HR=2.19, 95% CI 1.14 to 4.21) and mycophenolate mofetil yielded an HR=1.39 (95% CI 0.65 to 2.96) in multivariable-adjusted models compared with methotrexate. Results were comparable across numerous sensitivity analyses.ConclusionIndividuals with incident SLE were 2–4 times more likely to be hospitalised for infection and experienced more recurrent infections than the general population. Among DMARD initiators, azathioprine was associated with the highest rate.

Statins and cognitive decline in the Cardiovascular Health Study: A comparison of different analytical approaches

Background Despite their well-established benefits for the prevention of cardiovascular disease, robust evidence on the effects of statins on cognition is largely inconclusive. We apply various study designs and analytical approaches to mimic randomized controlled trial (RCT) effects from observational data. Methods We used observational data from 5,580 participants enrolled in the Cardiovascular Health Study from 1989/90 to 1999/2000. We conceptualized the cohort as an overlapping sequence of non-randomized trials. We compared multiple selection (eligible population, prevalent users, new-users) and analytic approaches (multivariable adjustment, inverse probability treatment weights, propensity score matching) to evaluate the association between statin use and 5-year change in global cognitive function, assessed using the Modified Mini-Mental State (3MS) examination. Results When comparing prevalent users to non-users (N=2,772), statin use was associated with slower cognitive decline over 5 years (adjusted annual change in 3MSE = 0.34 points/year; 95% CI:0.05;0.63). Compared to prevalent user design, estimates from new user designs (e.g. comparing eligible statin initiators to non-initiators) were attenuated showing either null or negative association, though not significant. For example, in a propensity score-matched sample of statin-eligible individuals (N=454), annual 3MS change comparing statin initiators to non-initiators was -0.21 points/year (95% CI:-0.81;0.39). Conclusions The association of statin use and cognitive decline is attenuated towards the null when using rigorous analytical approaches that more closely mimic RCTs. Point estimates, even within the same study, may vary depending on the analytical methods used. Further studies that leverage natural or quasi experiments around statin use are needed to replicate our findings.

Investigation of Nozzle on Knuckle Region of Dished Head

ASME Code Section VIII Division 1 [1] provides rules for the shape of openings, size of openings, strength and design of openings, however, the existing rules do not provide any restrictions on the specific location of the nozzle on the dished head knuckle region. Many corporate guidelines/ user design requirements meant for pressure vessel design and specification suggest avoiding placement of any type of nozzle in the knuckle area of a dished head and generally state in their design specification to limit the placement of a nozzle including its reinforcement within the crown area. This applies to Torispherical and Ellipsoidal dished heads. Code [1] rule UG-37(a) provides the benefit in reinforcement by reducing the required thickness (tr) of the dished head when the nozzle is in the spherical portion of the dished head for the Ellipsoidal and Torispherical dished head. High stresses occur in the knuckle region of the dished head due to the edge bending effect caused as the cylinder and head try to deform in different directions. For various reasons the user design requirements insist on placing the nozzle in the knuckle region, further compounding the complexity of the stress pattern in the knuckle area. The work carried out in this paper was an attempt to check whether it is safe to locate a nozzle in the knuckle region of the dished head since the knuckle portion is generally subjected to higher stresses in comparison to the crown portion of a dished head and the Code [1] and [2] does not impose any restrictions for the placement of nozzles in the knuckle region. Also, in this paper an attempt was made to evaluate the induced stresses when equivalent sizes of nozzles are placed in the crown as well as the knuckle portion of the dished head.