Commercial Aircraft-Cabin Egress: The Current State of Simulation Model Development and the Need for Future Research

Purpose This paper aims to present a literature review on analytical research on the prediction of aircraft spin and recovery characteristics, as it progressed from the early years of aviation to current state of the art spin technologies. Design/methodology/approach Aerodynamic model development approaches that have been generally used in past spin studies are presented. Past contributions in application of these analytical techniques to predict spin and recovery characteristics on various fighters, general aviation and airliners are discussed, thus providing useful reference for researchers embarking aircraft spin research. An overview of the development of spin prevention and spin recovery technologies to mitigate stall/spin susceptibility is presented. Findings The challenges associated with the presented techniques that prompt possible future research directions are discussed. Originality/value Despite considerable progress in the recent years, no comprehensive review on the analytical and computational research techniques to predict aircraft post-stall/ spin characteristics has been undertaken in the recent years.

Download Full-text

The Mexico SimSmoke tobacco control policy model: Development of a simulation model of daily and nondaily cigarette smoking

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0248215 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 16 (6) ◽

pp. e0248215

Author(s):

Luz María Sánchez-Romero ◽

Luis Zavala-Arciniega ◽

Luz Myriam Reynales-Shigematsu ◽

Belén Sáenz de Miera-Juárez ◽

Zhe Yuan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Simulation Model ◽

Tobacco Control ◽

Smoking Prevalence ◽

Model Development ◽

Future Research ◽

Control Policies ◽

Policy Model ◽

Tobacco Control Policies ◽

The Impact ◽

Nondaily Smoking

Background Nondaily smoking has been on the rise, especially in Mexico. While Mexico has strengthened its tobacco control policies, their effects on nondaily smokers have gone largely unexamined. We developed a simulation model to estimate the impact of tobacco control policies on daily and nondaily smoking in Mexico. Methods A previously validated Mexico SimSmoke model that estimated overall trends in smoking prevalence from 2002 through 2013 was extended to 2018 and adapted to distinguish daily and nondaily smoking prevalence. The model was then validated using data from Mexican surveys through 2016. To gauge the potential effects of policies, we compared the trends in smoking under current policies with trends from policies kept at their 2002 levels. Results Between 2002 and 2016, Mexico SimSmoke underestimated the reduction in male and female daily smoking rates. For nondaily smoking, SimSmoke predicted a decline among both males and females, while survey rates showed increasing rates in both genders, primarily among ages 15–44. Of the total reduction in smoking rates predicted by the model by 2018, tax policies account for more than 55%, followed by health warnings, cessation treatment, smoke-free air laws, and tobacco control spending. Conclusions Although Mexico SimSmoke did not successfully explain trends in daily and nondaily smoking, it helps to identify gaps in surveillance and policy evaluation for nondaily smokers. Future research should consider appropriate measures of nondaily smoking prevalence, trajectories between daily and nondaily smoking, and the separate impact of tobacco control policies on each group.

Download Full-text

Self-leadership Training Review

10.31124/advance.7771175.v1 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Andrew Sidwell ◽

Michael Perry

Keyword(s):

Leadership Training ◽

Future Research ◽

Training Methods ◽

Current State ◽

A Current

The purpose of this article was to examine the current state of self-leadership training. The authors analyzed all published, publicly available studies (in English) pertaining to self-leadership training methods, offering a current state of self-leadership training, and implications for future research.

Download Full-text

Earnings Management in Family Firms: Current State of Knowledge and Opportunities for Future Research

SSRN Electronic Journal ◽

10.2139/ssrn.2373122 ◽

2013 ◽

Author(s):

Inna Choban Paiva ◽

Isabel Lourenno ◽

Manuel Castelo Branco

Keyword(s):

Earnings Management ◽

Family Firms ◽

Future Research ◽

Current State

Download Full-text

Prostate cancer chemoprevention in men of African descent: current state of the art and opportunities for future research

Cancer Causes & Control ◽

10.1007/s10552-013-0241-x ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 24 (8) ◽

pp. 1465-1480 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Ganna Chornokur ◽

Nagi B. Kumar

Keyword(s):

Prostate Cancer ◽

State Of The Art ◽

African Descent ◽

Cancer Chemoprevention ◽

Future Research ◽

Current State

Download Full-text

From Globalisation to Revolution? The Porfirian Political Economy: An Essay on Issues and Interpretations

Journal of Latin American Studies ◽

10.1017/s0022216x09005598 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 41 (2) ◽

pp. 347-368 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

PAOLO RIGUZZI

Keyword(s):

Political Economy ◽

Mexican Revolution ◽

Future Research ◽

The Political ◽

Economic Relations ◽

Future Research Agenda ◽

Current State ◽

International Economic Relations ◽

Economic Strategies ◽

State Finance

AbstractThis essay evaluates the political economy of Mexico during the Porfirian period (1876–1911), with the aim of discussing advances in scholarship and presenting an outline of the elements for a future research agenda. To this end, the essay examines the current state of knowledge on four crucial aspects of the Mexican economy: growth and its dimensions; the state, finance and economic strategies; the construction and functioning of the internal market; and the international economic relations of Mexico during the first period of globalisation. In particular, it assesses the arguments that link features of Porfirian economic organisation with the outbreak of the Mexican Revolution in 1910.

Download Full-text

A Scoping Review of Resilience in Survivors of Human Trafficking

Trauma Violence & Abuse ◽

10.1177/1524838020985561 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 152483802098556

Author(s):

Logan Knight ◽

Yitong Xin ◽

Cecilia Mengo

Keyword(s):

Interpersonal Relationships ◽

Scoping Review ◽

National Origin ◽

Future Research ◽

Research Needs ◽

Standardized Measures ◽

Factors Associated ◽

Current State ◽

Case Files ◽

Sexual Trafficking

Resilience is critical among survivors of trafficking as they are mostly vulnerable populations who face multiple adversities before, during, and after trafficking. However, resilience in survivors of trafficking is understudied. This scoping review aims to clarify the current state of knowledge, focusing on definitions of resilience, how resilience has been studied, and factors associated with resilience among survivors. Five databases were searched using key words related to trafficking and resilience. Studies were included if they were published in English between 2000 and 2019 and focused on resilience with the study design including at least one of these four features: (a) use of standardized measures of resilience, (b) qualitative descriptions of resilience, (c) participants were survivors or professionals serving survivors, and (d) data sources such as case files or program manuals directly pertained to survivors. Eighteen studies were identified. Findings indicated that resilience was primarily described as emergent from interactions between the survivor and the environment. Resilience in trafficking appeared largely similar to resilience in other kinds of victimization. Nonetheless, trafficking survivors also may display resilience in alternative ways such as refusing treatment. Positive interpersonal relationships were the most commonly mentioned resilience factor. In addition, current research lacks studies featuring longitudinal designs, interventions, participatory methods, types of trafficking other than sexual trafficking, and demographic characteristics such as age, gender, and national origin. Future research needs to establish definitions and measures of resilience that are culturally and contextually relevant to survivors and build knowledge necessary for designing and evaluating resilience-enhancing interventions.

Download Full-text

Hepatic stellate cells: current state and open questions

Biological Chemistry ◽

10.1515/hsz-2021-0180 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 0 (0) ◽

Author(s):

Claus Kordes ◽

Hans H. Bock ◽

Doreen Reichert ◽

Petra May ◽

Dieter Häussinger

Keyword(s):

Hepatic Stellate Cells ◽

Stellate Cells ◽

Essential Elements ◽

Future Research ◽

Heinrich Heine ◽

Current State ◽

Open Questions ◽

Sinusoidal Endothelium ◽

Cell Niche ◽

Space Of Disse

Abstract This review article summarizes 20 years of our research on hepatic stellate cells within the framework of two collaborative research centers CRC575 and CRC974 at the Heinrich Heine University. Over this period, stellate cells were identified for the first time as mesenchymal stem cells of the liver, and important functions of these cells in the context of liver regeneration were discovered. Furthermore, it was determined that the space of Disse – bounded by the sinusoidal endothelium and hepatocytes – functions as a stem cell niche for stellate cells. Essential elements of this niche that control the maintenance of hepatic stellate cells have been identified alongside their impairment with age. This article aims to highlight previous studies on stellate cells and critically examine and identify open questions and future research directions.

Download Full-text