Effect of the addition of aliphatic diamine-functionalized carbon nanotubes on the interfacial adhesion of glass fiber/epoxy composites

2021 ◽  
pp. 004051752110519
Author(s):  
Yecheng Fan ◽  
Shen Ziyue ◽  
Shaohua Zeng ◽  
Pengpeng Chen ◽  
Ying Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Glass Fiber ◽  
Interfacial Adhesion ◽  
Control Sample ◽  
Epoxy Composites ◽  
Aliphatic Diamine ◽  
Uniform Dispersion ◽  
Fiber Matrix ◽  
Interlaminar Shear ◽  
Chain Lengths

To improve the interfacial adhesion of glass fiber (GF)/epoxy composites, the GF surface was treated by dispersing aliphatic diamine-functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs). Carboxyl MWCNTs were first modified by aliphatic diamine with different alkyl chain lengths and then deposited on the surface of GF. The effect of aliphatic diamine chain lengths on the MWCNTs’ dispersion and interfacial properties of resultant composites was investigated in detail. The results showed that uniform dispersion of MWCNTs and strong fiber/matrix interfacial adhesion could be achieved, based on the grafting of 1,8-octanediamine onto MWCNTs. Compared with the control sample, the interlaminar shear, flexural, and tensile strengths of the treated composites increased by 41%, 29%, and 30%, respectively; the interlaminar fracture toughness and storage modulus in the glass region were significantly enhanced; and the glass transition temperature increased by more than 8°C. This work demonstrates that the carbon nanotubes functionalized by appropriate chain lengths of amine modifier can improve the fiber/matrix interfacial interactions and thus enhance the strength, toughness, and stiffness of fiber-reinforced composites.

Effect of silane hydrolysis on the interfacial adhesion of carbon nanotubes/glass fiber fabric-reinforced multiscale composites

2016 ◽  
Vol 88 (4) ◽  
pp. 379-391 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shaohua Zeng ◽  
Mingxia Shen ◽  
Pengpeng Duan ◽  
Yijiao Xue ◽  
Zhuying Wang
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Glass Fiber ◽  
Interfacial Adhesion ◽  
Flexural Rigidity ◽  
Multiwall Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Industrial Grade ◽  
Ultrasonic Assisted ◽  
Interlaminar Shear ◽  
Initial Storage ◽  
Multiscale Composites

Three types of multiwall carbon nanotubes (MCNTs)/glass fiber fabrics (MGf) were prepared by dispersing industrial-grade MCNTs onto commercial E-glass fiber fabrics (GFfs) through an ultrasonic-assisted impregnation deposition method. The multiscale MGf-reinforced composites were fabricated by the vacuum infusion process. The effect of γ-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane (APS) or APS hydrolysis on the MCNT dispersion and the interfacial bonding between MCNTs and glass fiber were investigated by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, field-emission scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and their flexural stiffness, respectively. The interfacial adhesion of MGf composites was evaluated by interlaminar shear strength (ILSS) and dynamic mechanical thermal analysis. The results indicated that MCNTs on the MGf surface could form an interpenetrating network and act as anchors to interlock glass fiber with epoxy. The initial storage modulus and glass transition temperature of the MGf composites clearly increased, while the first loss factor of the MGf composites decreased by 30.0–45.0% compared with that of the GFf composite. Whether or not APS was hydrolyzed, it helped the MCNTs disperse on the GFf surface by chemical bonds. The ILSS of the multiscale composite with APS-treated MCNTs was enhanced significantly, while that with hydrolyzed APS-treated MCNTs (MGf-h) had a slight increase. APS hydrolysis increased the flexural rigidity of the MGf-h.

Enhanced interfacial adhesion in glass fiber fabric/epoxy composites employing fiber surface treatment with aminosilane-functionalized graphene oxide

2020 ◽  
pp. 004051752096074
Author(s):  
Hongjie Gao ◽  
Yecheng Fan ◽  
Shaohua Zeng ◽  
Pengpeng Chen ◽  
Ying Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Graphene Oxide ◽  
Glass Fiber ◽  
Fiber Surface ◽  
Epoxy Composites ◽  
Functionalized Graphene ◽  
Functionalized Graphene Oxide ◽  
Uniform Dispersion ◽  
Interlaminar Shear ◽  
Fiber Surface Treatment ◽  
Fiber Fabric

An economical and effective method was developed to optimize the interface of glass fiber fabric (GFf)-reinforced epoxy composites (GFfE) by dispersing aminosilane-functionalized graphene oxide (GO) on the fiber surface. The effects of γ-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane (APS) or APS hydrolysis on the dispersion of GO and the interfacial properties of resultant composites were investigated in detail. The results indicated that the uniform dispersion of GO in composites and strong fiber/matrix adhesion could be achieved, based on grafting of APS hydrolysis onto GO. The interlaminar shear, flexural and tensile strengths of resultant composites were improved by 28%, 22% and 19%, respectively; the storage modulus and dynamic glass transition temperature (1 Hz) were significantly enhanced, compared with pure GFfE. In particular, the work of fracture received from interlaminar load–deflection curves increased by 97%, indicating the toughening effect of GO. This work demonstrates that it is possible to enhance the strength, stiffness and toughness of fiber-reinforced composites by incorporating GO into the interface between the fiber and the matrix.

Static and Fatigue Strengths of Carbon Nanotube/Epoxy Composites under Hygrothermal Environments

2013 ◽  
Vol 284-287 ◽  
pp. 204-210
Author(s):  
Yi Ming Jen ◽  
Chien Yang Huang
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Carbon Nanotube ◽  
Stress Concentration ◽  
Interfacial Adhesion ◽  
Epoxy Composites ◽  
Hygrothermal Effect ◽  
Multi Walled Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Hygrothermal Environments ◽  
Stress Concentration Effect ◽  
Walled Carbon Nanotubes

This study experimentally analyzed the hygrothermal effect on the static and fatigue strengths of acid-treated multi-walled carbon nanotubes (CNTs)/epoxy composites. The nanocomposite specimens with various CNT contents (0., 0.5, and 1.0 wt.%) were statically and fatigue-tested under three different hygrothermal conditions (25 °C/60% RH, 25° C/85% RH, and 40 °C/85% RH) to investigate the influences of hygrothermal conditions and CNT contents on the tensile static and fatigue strengths of the studied nanocomposites. The results show that the static and fatigue strengths decreased slightly at 25 °C/85% RH environments compared with those tested under the 25 °C/60% RH condition. However, the static and fatigue strengths of the studied nanocomposites decreased substantially under the 40 °C/85% RH condition. The combined temperature and humidity environments weaken the interfacial adhesion between the CNT surfaces and the epoxy matrix. Moreover, the experimental results show that the addition of 0.5 wt.% of carbon nanotubes improved the static and fatigue strengths considerably under the same hygrothermal environments. However, when an excessive amount of CNTs was used (1.0 wt.%), the nanocomposite exhibited the lowest strengths compared with the specimens with 0 and 0.5 wt.% CNTs. The stress concentration effect caused by the CNT aggregates was detrimental to the static and fatigue strengths of the studied nanocomposites.

COMBINED TEMPERATURE AND MOISTURE EFFECT ON THE STRENGTH OF CARBON NANOTUBE REINFORCED EPOXY MATERIALS

2013 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 755-763 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi-Ming Jen ◽  
Chien-Yang Huang
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Carbon Nanotube ◽  
Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Epoxy Matrix ◽  
Interfacial Adhesion ◽  
Epoxy Composites ◽  
Multiwalled Carbon ◽  
Moisture Effect ◽  
Hygrothermal Effect ◽  
Temperature And Humidity

This study experimentally analyzed the hygrothermal effect on the static and fatigue strengths of multiwalled carbon nanotubes (CNTs)/epoxy composites. The results show that the static and fatigue strengths decreased slightly at 25°C/85% RH environments compared with those tested under the 25°C/60% RH condition. However, the strengths decreased substantially under the 40°C/85% RH condition, indicating that the combined temperature and humidity environments weaken the interfacial adhesion between the CNT surfaces and the epoxy matrix.

Thermo-Mechanical and ILSS Properties of Woven Carbon/Epoxy-XD-CNT Nanophased Composites

2014 ◽  
Vol 1700 ◽  
pp. 55-60
Author(s):  
Mohammad K. Hossain ◽  
Md Mahmudur R. Chowdhury ◽  
Mahmud B. Salam ◽  
Johnathan Malone ◽  
Mahesh V. Hosur ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Loss Modulus ◽  
Compression Molding ◽  
Epoxy Composites ◽  
Molding Process ◽  
Short Beam ◽  
Uniform Dispersion ◽  
Beam Shear ◽  
Interlaminar Shear ◽  
Modified Resin

ABSTRACTCarbon fiber-reinforced epoxy composites (CFEC) were fabricated infusing 0, 0.15, 0.30, and 0.40 wt% amino-functionalized XD-grade carbon nanotubes (NH2-XDCNTs) using the compression molding process under 16 kips. The thermo-mechanical and interlaminar shear properties of CNT incorporated carbon/epoxy composite samples were evaluated by performing dynamic-mechanical thermal analysis (DMTA) and short beam shear (SBS) tests. XD-CNTs were infused into Epon 862 resin using a mechanical stirrer followed by a high intensity ultrasonic liquid processor for better dispersion. After the sonication, the mixture was placed in a three roll milling processor for 3 successive cycles at 140 rpm, with the gap spaces incrementally reduced from 20 to 5 μm, to obtain the uniform dispersion of CNTs throughout the resin. Epikure W curing agent was then added to the modified resin and mixed using a high-speed mechanical stirrer. Finally, the fiber was reinforced with that modified resin using the compression molding process. The results obtained from the DMTA test were analyzed based on the storage modulus, glass transition temperature, and loss modulus. The analysis indicated that the thermo-mechanical properties were linearly increasing from 0 to 0.3 wt% XDCNT loading. The SBS test results exhibited that the incorporation of XDCNTs into the composite increased the interlaminar shear strength (ILSS) by up to 22% at 0.3 wt% CNT loading. Better dispersion of XDCNTs might be attributed to more crosslinking sites and better interaction between fiber and matrix resulting in an improved fiber-matrix interface, whereas, the reaction between functional groups –NH2 of XDCNTs with epoxide groups of resin and epoxy silanes of fiber surfaces improved the crosslinking and thereby ILSS properties of carbon/epoxy composites.

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