scholarly journals Africa’s new cities: The contested future of urbanisation

Urban Studies ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 55 (6) ◽  
pp. 1223-1241 ◽  
Author(s):  
Femke van Noorloos ◽  
Marjan Kloosterboer
Keyword(s):  
Private Sector ◽  
Private Property ◽  
Public Funding ◽  
Gated Communities ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Conceptual Clarity ◽  
Political Economies ◽  
Urban Problems ◽  
New City ◽  
Governance Arrangements

New private property investments in Africa’s cities are on the rise, and they often take the form of entirely new cities built up from scratch as comprehensively planned self-contained enclaves. As these new city-making trajectories are expanding and empirical research is emerging, there is a need to provide more conceptual clarity. We systematically examine the diversity of new cities in Africa; elicit their financial trajectories; and set an agenda for critically examining their actual and expected implications, by learning transnational lessons from debates on gated communities, peri-urban land governance and displacement, and older waves of new city building. Although most new cities are private-led projects, they are inserted into diverse and dynamic political economies with states ranging from developmentalist to neoliberal to absent. The consumptive and supply-driven character of many projects so far (resembling gated communities for middle and higher classes), their insertion into ‘rurban’ spaces with complex land governance arrangements, and their tendency to implement post-democratic private-sector-driven governance will make them at best unsuitable for solving Africa’s urban problems, and at worst they will increase expulsions and enclosures of the poor, public funding injustice and socio-spatial segregation and fragmentation.

The Market at the Bottom of the Pyramid: Understanding the Culture of Poverty

2013 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 489-513 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fauzia Erfan Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Private Sector ◽  
Bottom Of The Pyramid ◽  
Grameen Bank ◽  
Culture Of Poverty ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Segmentation Approach

Abstract As never before, the private sector can make a difference at the bottom of the pyramid (BOP). But little is known about who the poor really are, the environment in which they live, and how to create value for them. This also means that little is known about how to establish a business at the BOP that meets both development and profit goals. This article presents a segmentation approach embedded in a larger theory of the culture of poverty to help businesses focus on serving the BOP. I focus on examples from my research on the Grameen Bank in Bangladesh and Patrimonio Hoy in Mexico to show examples of applications of segmentation theory to businesses at the BOP.

Theorising Empowerment Thought: Illuminating the Relationship between Ideology and Politics in the Contemporary Era

2000 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 43-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dod Forrest
Keyword(s):  
Public Sector ◽  
Private Sector ◽  
Management Of Change ◽  
Supervisory Relationships ◽  
The Poor ◽  
East And West ◽  
The Rich ◽  
The Relationship

One response to the on-going crisis of profitability, East and West, has been to alter the form and content of supervisory relationships at work and in the community. The 1990s have been described as the empowerment era. A paradox exists however in that the idea of empowerment appeals to the rich and powerful and the poor and powerless. It is both liberatory and regulative. In this article the ideological polarity of empowerment is investigated in the context of the management of change in the workplaces of large private sector organisations and public sector welfare in Britain. It is argued that the growth of the idea of empowerment is central to politics in the contemporary era.

scholarly journals ZAKAT AND WAKAF FUNDED HOUSING FOR THE POOR AND NEEDY – AN ANALYSIS OF THE ZAKAT AND WAKAF AUTHORITIES ROLES FROM THE AUTHORITIES’ PERSPECTIVES

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Khairuddin Abdul Rashid ◽  
Sharina Farihah Hasan ◽  
Puteri Nur Farah Naadia Mohd Fauzi ◽  
Srazali Aripin ◽  
Azila Ahmad Sarkawi
Keyword(s):  
Affordable Housing ◽  
Private Property ◽  
Housing Development ◽  
Modus Operandi ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Collaborative Working ◽  
Desk Research ◽  
Property Developers

This paper concerns the provision of affordable housing for the poor and needy Muslims through zakat and wakaf funding. The study’s objectives are to determine whether zakat and wakaf resources are employed therein, examine the roles of the zakat and wakaf authorities, and identify constraints and the ensuing strategies. The study was carried out through desk research and interviews with representatives of selected zakat and wakaf authorities. Key findings from the study are that zakat and wakaf are involved in the provision of affordable housing for the poor and needy Muslims and that their funds have been employed therein. However, their roles are dissimilar, therefore, each authority has its own modus operandi. In addition, both zakat and wakaf authorities have constraints in the availability of expertise to undertake the procurement of housing development and they address this problem through collaborative working styles, with each other, and with private property developers.

scholarly journals Contesting digital finance for the poor

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 135-151 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peterson K. Ozili
Keyword(s):  
Discourse Analysis ◽  
Private Sector ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Socioeconomic Development ◽  
Policy Discourse ◽  
Poor People ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Development Finance ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Critical Policy

Purpose This paper aims to critically assess digital finance as a pro-poor intervention in the development finance space. Design/methodology/approach Using critical policy discourse analysis, this paper explains the turn from microfinance to digital finance, and thereafter discusses four issues: the lack of evidence that digital finance for poor people actually promotes socioeconomic development; the risks that poor people are exposed to, which arises from their exposure to digital finance technology; the lack of evidence that digital finance actually brings poor people immediate benefits; and the weak business rationale for digital finance. Findings The expectation for digital finance serving as a major pro-poor private sector intervention lacks justification. Originality/value The paper reflects on the effect of digital finance for poor people.

scholarly journals Labor Market Effects of Social Programs: Evidence from India's Employment Guarantee

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 233-263 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clément Imbert ◽  
John Papp
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Public Sector ◽  
Private Sector ◽  
Social Programs ◽  
Welfare Gains ◽  
Market Effects ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Private Employment ◽  
Employment Guarantee ◽  
Sector Work

We estimate the effect of a large rural workfare program in India on private employment and wages by comparing trends in districts that received the program earlier relative to those that received it later. Our results suggest that public sector hiring crowded out private sector work and increased private sector wages. We compute the implied welfare gains of the program by consumption quintile. Our calculations show that the welfare gains to the poor from the equilibrium increase in private sector wages are large in absolute terms and large relative to the gains received solely by program participants. (JEL I38, J31, J45, J68, O15)

scholarly journals Review of the Housing Policies and Programmes in Nigeria

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (02) ◽  
pp. 20603-20616 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aminu Bello
Keyword(s):  
Private Sector ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Capital City ◽  
Poor People ◽  
Housing Sector ◽  
Housing Conditions ◽  
Housing Problem ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Regional Headquarters

Problem of inadequate housing faced by poor people around the world has been a matter of concern to governments in various countries especially in the developing world whereby significant portion of the population is mostly   characterized by poverty.  In such countries, the housing problem is not only that of quantity but also of the poor quality of available housing units. Private sector development in the Nigerian housing sector has been a standstill for more than a decade. With few exceptions, the private sector transactions that have taken place have been informal and on the fringe of legality. At the opposite of the spectrum, public sector activity is plagued with many problems. Instead of operating as a social policy, it operates more like a regressive lottery or patronage system. The results have been the simultaneous construction of some of the most luxurious subsidized housing in Africa, and general deterioration in housing conditions of most Nigerians, particularly the housing conditions of the poor. The recorded history of formal intervention into the housing sector in Nigeria dated back to the colonial administration, after the unfortunate outbreak of the bubonic plaque of 1928 in Lagos. This necessitated the establishment of the Lagos Executive Development Board (LEDB). This signifies the ushering of Nigerian public housing programmes intervention; which was during colonial era. The policies are modest with the ultimate aim of addressing the housing problem at a National scale. The policy focus then, was on the provision of expatriate quarters and some selected indigenous staff in Rail ways, Marine, Police and Armed forces. The construction of senior civil servant quarters in the capital city of Lagos and regional headquarters like Kaduna, Ibadan and Enugu are some of the practical efforts made at the same time some form of rent subsidy and housing loans.

scholarly journals A SWARA-COPRAS APPROACH TO THE ALLOCATION OF RISK IN WATER AND SEWERAGE PUBLIC–PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP PROJECTS IN MALAYSIA

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 269-283 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alireza Valipour ◽  
Nordin Yahaya ◽  
Norhazilan MD Noor ◽  
Iman Valipour ◽  
Jolanta Tamošaitienė
Keyword(s):  
Private Sector ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Public Funding ◽  
Risk Allocation ◽  
Political Strategy ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Government ◽  
Public And Private Sector ◽  
Private Investors ◽  
The Impact

In a situation of growing water demand, inadequate public funding, poor asset condition and lack of maintenance in developing countries, public-private partnerships (PPPs) play an important role in the development of infrastructure, such as water supply and sewerage services. The purpose of this study is to develop a quantitative approach to appropriate risk allocation, with attention directed to the impact of positive and negative factors in water and sewerage projects. The paper presents a hybrid SWARA-COPRAS approach to examine risk allocation, particularly for PPP water supply and sewerage projects in the context of Malaysia. In addition to PPP infrastructure projects, the approach has the potential to be adapted to other applications. The proposed method enables decision makers to utilise qualitative linguistic terms in the allocation of risk between the public and private sector, and to select the best strategy for risk allocation in a contract. Finally, 24 significant risks were identified: six risks would preferably be allocated to the public sector, while seven risks would be assigned to the private sector, and eleven risks would preferably be shared by both parties. The finding from this study can help the government of Malaysia to determine an attractive political strategy for private investors to support a PPP water and sewerage infrastructure project.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document