A Comprehensive Review of Indoor/Outdoor Localization Solutions in IoT era: Research Challenges and Future Perspectives

<p>The number of connected mobile devices and Internet of Things (IoT) is growing around us, rapidly. Since, most of the people daily activities are relying on these connected things or devices. Specifically, this past year (with COVID-19) changed daily life in abroad and this is increased the use of IoT enabled technologies in health sector, work, and play. Further, the most common service via using these technologies is the localization/positioning service for different applications including: geo-tagging, billing, contact tracing, health-care system, point-of-interest recommendations, social networking, security, and more. Despite the availability of a large number of localization solutions in the literature, the precision of localization cannot meet the needs of consumers. For that reason, this paper provides an in-depth investigation of the existing technologies and techniques in the localization field, within the IoT era. Furthermore, the benefits and drawbacks of each technique with enabled technologies are illustrated and a comparison between the utilized technologies in the localization is made. The paper as a guideline is also going through all of the metrics that may be used to assess the localization solutions. Finally, the state-of-the-art solutions are examined, with challenges and perspectives regarding indoors/outdoors environments are demonstrated.</p>

A Comprehensive Review of Indoor/Outdoor Localization Solutions in IoT era: Research Challenges and Future Perspectives

<p>The number of connected mobile devices and Internet of Things (IoT) is growing around us, rapidly. Since, most of the people daily activities are relying on these connected things or devices. Specifically, this past year (with COVID-19) changed daily life in abroad and this is increased the use of IoT enabled technologies in health sector, work, and play. Further, the most common service via using these technologies is the localization/positioning service for different applications including: geo-tagging, billing, contact tracing, health-care system, point-of-interest recommendations, social networking, security, and more. Despite the availability of a large number of localization solutions in the literature, the precision of localization cannot meet the needs of consumers. For that reason, this paper provides an in-depth investigation of the existing technologies and techniques in the localization field, within the IoT era. Furthermore, the benefits and drawbacks of each technique with enabled technologies are illustrated and a comparison between the utilized technologies in the localization is made. The paper as a guideline is also going through all of the metrics that may be used to assess the localization solutions. Finally, the state-of-the-art solutions are examined, with challenges and perspectives regarding indoors/outdoors environments are demonstrated.</p>

Boundary Work

The first chapter lays a foundation for the book by defining boundary discourse in crossdisciplinary and cross-sector work. It begins by distinguishing spatial and organic metaphors of boundaries, with initial emphasis on disciplines. It then combines the two metaphors in a composite concept of an ecology of spatializing practices, illustrated by the evolving nature of disciplines as well as trading zones and communities of practice. The chapter then describes structures for interdisciplinary work, followed by the concept of heterarchy, changing character of higher education, platforms for communication and collaboration, and role of the built environment. It turns next to boundary objects, illustrated by construction of a natural history museum, an academic reform initiative, a project on waste management, and the relationship of objects and their description in climate modeling, regulatory discourse, genetic toxicology, and human ecology. The chapter ends by examining boundary organizations and agents in two cross-sector case studies.

From Failing to Succeeding

Decades of reports have delineated factors for success. Yet, projects, programs, and fields continue to falter. This final chapter begins by condensing barriers and impediments into a digest of challenges for both crossdisciplinary and cross-sector work. It then elaborates reasons for shortfalls: highlighting impediments to radical forms of interdisciplinarity, questioning the litmus test of integration, and marking persistent limits to developing and sustaining fields and programs. The chapter turns next to six overarching principles for success: transparency; best practices, models, guidelines, and authoritative reports; consistency and alignment of activities in a systematic approach; balance of disciplinary, professional, crossdisciplinary, and cross-sector work; credit for boundary crossing; and appropriate criteria in a multi-methodological approach to evaluation. This section also considers the role of technology, academic reward systems, and responsibility for change. The chapter and the book conclude by returning to the opening question of what constitutes interdisciplinarity, followed by five gateways into the burgeoning body of resources.

Beyond Interdisciplinarity

Beyond Interdisciplinarity examines the broadening meaning, heterogeneity, and boundary work of interdisciplinarity. It includes both crossdisciplinary work (encompassing multi-, inter-, and trans-disciplinary forms) as well as cross-sector work (spanning disciplines, fields, professions, government and industry, and communities in the North and South). Part I defines boundary work, discourses of interdisciplinarity, and the nature of interdisciplinary fields and interdisciplines. Part II examines dynamics of working across boundaries, including communicating, collaborating, and learning in research projects and programs, with a closing chapter on failing and succeeding along with gateways to literature and other resources. The conceptual framework is based on an ecology of spatializing practices in transaction spaces, including trading zones and communities of practice. Boundary objects, boundary agents, and boundary organizations play a vital role in brokering differences for platforming change in contexts ranging from small projects to new fields to international initiatives. Translation, interlanguage, and a communication boundary space are vital to achieving intersubjectivity and collective identity, fostering not only pragmatics of negotiation and integration but also reflexivity, transactivity, and co-production of knowledge with stakeholders beyond the academy. Rhetorics of holism and synthesis compete with instrumentalities of problem solving and innovation as well as transgressive critique. Yet typical warrants today include complexity, contextualization, collaboration, and socially robust knowledge. The book also emphasizes the roles of contextualization and historical change while accounting for the shifting relationship of disciplinarity and interdisciplinarity, the ascendancy of transdisciplinarity, and intersections with other constructs, including Mode 2 knowledge production, convergence, team science, and postdisciplinarity.

Summary and Conclusions

Despite political controversy, the growth of private providers has been steady since the 1990s. The Swedish municipalities have often been more practically inclined—willing to experiment and adopt what works. The expansion of private provision has increased choice opportunities, accessibility, and in many cases service quality. The benefits have mostly been accomplished without increasing costs, although there are examples, including care of the disabled, of spiralling total costs. User choice is popular, but its impact on total costs needs to be handled. A complication is that there must be some excess capacity for user choice to have economic consequences for the providers. Market design and regulation are crucial for the functioning of quasi-markets. Private and public providers should receive the same treatment when it comes to permissions, financing, inspections, and audits. As another general policy conclusion, we emphasize a resolute focus on quality control. This is most evident in education—where there is need for external restrictions on grades or a return to traditional final, and centralized, exams. The soft aspects of quality should not be neglected. An important lesson when it comes to management is that the same management practices that are successful in the private sector work in the public sector too. Entry barriers can be useful in quasi-markets by dissuading unwanted providers and incentivizing the serious ones. The Swedish experiment with quasi-markets and privatized service production provides a rich experience for other countries to determine what works as well as what pitfalls to avoid.

Implementation and Effectiveness of New Technologies in Housekeeping Department

When everything from front workplace to food and liquid has started the new technology within the same time work department additionally go with new technology they must not be in the age. In nowadays in building and hospital or any tourist sector work can not be outlined as cleanup and maintaining totally different surfaces there's a such a lot issue on the far side that additionally. currently days every and each trade is functioning through a technology-driven transformation and there's no totally different in cordial reception industry additionally. In these topics we tend to are planning to highlights the present challenges that we face from the worker and therefore the best practices on new technologies which may be innovated for the building trade, and if it goes well then we are able to apply this new technologies effectively within the building in work department. it's the upper growth and the and therefore the and additionally the cut tools for the building and hospital trade also. These articles delineated the teachers and up to date building work technologies effectiveness. This new technological innovation within the work service is made public on very cheap of the model guest cycle. fine quality technological service is that the pillar of the work department it will create the work easier. building work have to be compelled to be a IT savvy housekeeping, cross coaching for the worker, TV, radio lightweight curtain area service laundry assortment every and each issue that is an element of the work are going to be controlled from one device. If these all are often implementing in a very systematic manner within the cordial reception trade then it will cause be an enormous opportunities and future profit for the hospital industry.

Pragmatics for cross-disciplinary collaboration.

This chapter draws on the Field Guide, as well as on a recent study of the boundary work of collaborating in cross-disciplinary and crosssector work, with added insights from literature on team science. Heeding the editors' mandate to focus on pragmatics, it depicts the 'how' of collaboration across boundaries of expertise in short essays that define major dimensions. Each essay is framed at the start by keywords and ends with pertinent resources that individuals and groups may use in whole or in part for training modules and workshops, interventions in the course of actually conducting research, and formal curricula in higher education. The initial section of the chapter describes the overarching topic of collaboration, including the role of a collaboration plan and the centrality of communication. The remaining sections discuss three subtopics that are often linked with collaboration. The first, cross-disciplinary and crosssector work, reveals distinctions in kinds of teamwork. The second, integration, discloses degrees of interaction and synthesis. The third, leadership, describes typical needs and responsibilities. These shorter accounts of related concepts and approaches begin with definitions of crossdisciplinarity (spanning multi-, inter- and transdisciplinary approaches) and cross-sector work (bridging the academy, government, industry, and communities in the north and global south). After a short summary, the conclusion reflects on the importance of integrative expertise among all team members along with needed requisite competencies.

Kontrak Kerja dan Kesejahteraan ABK Nelayan Perspektif Etika Bisnis Islam di Sarangmeduro, Jawa Tengah

Analysis of work contracts on the welfare of crew in fishermen sector from the Perspective of Islamic business ethics in Sarangmeduro Village is a study that aimed to answer questions about how the fishermen sector work contracts are implemented and how the welfare of the crew members is applied in Sarangmeduro Village. The methodology used was descriptive qualitative method with the type of case study research on the object. The result of this research is that the work contract conducted by fishermen in Sarangmeduro Village is a work contract system that has been implemented from generation to generation and is more likely to approach the muzaroah contract in profit sharing of maro or paroan. Based on the field of employment, the fishermen in Sarangmeduro Village live in prosperity. By the opening jobs provided by ship employers, they are facilitated in finding work. The residence that is inhabited every year has changed, which was originally made of woven bamboo, now most of them are built of bricks. The existence of a work contract implemented by fishermen can help to boost the economic condition of the fishermen in Sarangmeduro Village, which is always developing. The researcher recommend that fishermen make work inovation.

Pathways to Retirement in Taiwan: Do Ethnicity and Cohort Matter?

Studies about retirement often neglect ethnic identity. This research utilized the “Taiwan Longitudinal Study in Aging” data from 1989 to 1996 when political and social changes in the country occurred to examine the influence of ethnicity (dominant Mainlanders versus Southern Min, Hakka, and various indigenous people) on Taiwanese men’s working status at age 60 and above. We asked three questions: (1) Are Mainlanders more likely to retire earlier than non-Mainlanders? (2) Does working in the public versus the private sector affect the age of retirement and does this differ by ethnicity? (3)What factors determine retirement ages of two cohorts? Using chi-square and t-tests, results of a comparison of two cohorts (n = 1254 and n = 526 for the 1989 and 1996 cohorts, respectively) showed that being a Mainlander, being unmarried, older age, self-reported poor health, and functional limitation were associated with a higher likelihood of earlier retirement. In logistic regression models, public sector work mediated and moderated the effect of ethnicity on the likelihood of earlier retirement only in the older cohort, where Mainlander public sector workers had the greatest likelihood of earlier retirement, indicating that the incentive structure of public pensions contributes to earlier retirement. The results are consistent with cumulative advantage theory. To delay the retirement age for public sector workers, policymakers could reduce public pension incentives.