The Quantitative Buffy Coat for the Diagnosis of Trypanosomes

1994 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 54-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
J W Bailey ◽  
D H Smith
Keyword(s):  
Anion Exchange ◽  
Diagnostic Test ◽  
District Hospital ◽  
Malaria Diagnosis ◽  
Buffy Coat ◽  
African Trypanosomiasis ◽  
Hospital Level ◽  
Trypanosoma Gambiense

The use of quantitative buffy coat (QBC®) tubes developed for malaria diagnosis is described in the diagnosis of African trypanosomiasis. One hundred and thirty-four patients with Trypanosoma gambiense were examined using QBC® plus either haematocrit (HCT) or mini anion exchange centrifugation (MAEC) or both. QBC® was the only method that detected all 134 patients. QBC® proved to be the most sensitive diagnostic test for the detection of trypanosomes in blood. It is simple to use, gives fast results and would be a useful test at the district hospital level.

Added value of loop-mediated isothermal amplification technology (LAMP) in real life for the diagnosis of malaria in travellers

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisa Burdino ◽  
Guido Calleri ◽  
Valeria Ghisetti
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Test ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Malaria Diagnosis ◽  
Isothermal Amplification ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Prospective Evaluation ◽  
Loop Mediated Isothermal Amplification ◽  
Low Levels

Abstract Malaria diagnosis in non-endemic countries is questioned by lack of experience and low levels of parasite densities. Loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) is aimed at simplifying these challenges. In a prospective evaluation over a 2-year period, LAMP significantly simplified malaria identification in 478 febrile travellers and can be considered the primary diagnostic test in this setting.

scholarly journals Comparative Study of Modified Quantitative Buffy Coat and Two Rapid Tests in Comparison with Peripheral Blood Smear in Malaria Diagnosis in Mumbai, India

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manali M. Kocharekar ◽  
Sougat S. Sarkar ◽  
Debjani Dasgupta
Keyword(s):  
Blood Smear ◽  
Malaria Diagnosis ◽  
Peripheral Blood Smear ◽  
Buffy Coat ◽  
False Positives ◽  
Accurate Diagnosis ◽  
Smear Microscopy ◽  
Reliable Technique ◽  
Rapid Tests

In order to identify a quick and reliable technique for accurate diagnosis of malaria, study of the efficiency of the tests such as Parahit total (HRPII & aldolase Ag), Advantage mal card (parasite specific LDH), and modified QBC was done in comparison with conventional blood smear microscopy. One hundred patients infected withP. vivaxand 101 infected withP. falciparumwere included in this study. The sensitivity of Parahit total, Advantage mal card, and modified QBC forP. falciparumdetection was 70.3, 95%, and 98%, and specificity was 98%, 98%, and 96%, respectively. The sensitivity of Parahit total, Advantage mal card, and modified QBC forP. vivaxdetection was 73%, 97.0%, and 98%, respectively, and specificity of all the tests was 98%. On day 15, in falciparum arm, Advantage mal card and Parahit total showed 8 (7.92%) and 59 (58.41%) false positives. On day 15, in vivax arm, Parahit total revealed 52% false positives. The study indicated that modified QBC could be only used where appropriate facilities are available. Advantage mal card was a better follow-up tool than Parahit total.

scholarly journals Comparative Study of Malaria Diagnosis: Rapid Diagnostic Test (RDTs) Against Microscopy among Pregnant Women Attending Antenatal Clinic in Specialist Hospital, Sokoto

2021 ◽  
pp. 9-16
Author(s):  
K. Mohammed ◽  
M. U. Iduh ◽  
S. M. Saheed ◽  
O. F. Ashcroft ◽  
M. K. Garba ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Diagnostic Test ◽  
Rapid Diagnostic Test ◽  
Study Design ◽  
Gold Standard ◽  
Malaria Parasite ◽  
Malaria Diagnosis ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Cross Sectional

Background: Malaria is an infectious disease caused by a protozoan parasite of the genus Plasmodium. It was estimated that 219 million cases of malaria occur in 87 countries, with an estimated death of 435,000 in 2017 among pregnant women. Other species include P. ovale, P. vivax, and P. malariae is a blood parasite of human and is one of the major public health burdens in developing countries, particularly in Sub-Saharan Africa. It is estimated that about 3.5 billion people globally and 450 million people are thought to be ill as a result of such infections, the majority being children. Aims: This study was aimed at comparing RDTs against microscopy in the detection of malaria parasite among pregnant women. Samples were collected and analyzed following cross-sectional comparative study design. It was conducted between Septembers to November 2019. Study Design: This was a cross-sectional, comparative study Place and Duration of Study: This study was conducted among patients attending Specialist Hospital Sokoto, Sokoto State, between March and November, 2019. Methodology: A total of 106 participants were enrolled for the study. Standard parasitological examination was carried out on blood samples using microscopy followed by Rapid Diagnostic test (RDTs). Results: Finding revealed, in this study, CareStart kit had sensitivity of 77.7%, specificity of 100s%. It is expected that any RDT used for malaria diagnosis should have a high sensitivity of 95% and specificity 97% (WHO, 2003); this is in contrast with the RDTs results in this study. The false negative (FN) Carestart and SD-Bioline kits in this study were 10% and 21%, respectively using microscopy as the gold standard due to lack of sensitivity of RDTs at low parsitaemia compared to microscopy. The false positive rate in this study for the Carestart and SD-Bioline kits are 0% and 0% respectively. Out of 106 patients screened, 35% and 24% tested positive for Plasmodiumfalciparum using Carestart and SD-Bioline RDTs respectively, while 45% were positive to malaria by microscopic examination. There was high prevalence of malaria parasite among age group 18-23 which is 42.2%. Conclusion: It can be concluded that using microscopy is more time consuming compared to RDTs due to the fact that the time taken to read the results for RDTs is within five minutes and that of microscopy is higher compared to RDTs. Over all prevalence of malaria by microscopy was 42.5% while the prevalence of malaria by Carestart and SD-bioline was 33% and 22.6% respectively. Conventional microscopy remains the gold standard compared to RDTs according to this study with the level of its sensitivity and specificity which is higher than RDTs.

scholarly journals Are there decision support tools that might strengthen the health system for perinatal care in South African district hospitals? A review of the literature

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ntombifikile Maureen Nkwanyana ◽  
Anna Silvia Voce
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
Decision Support ◽  
Health System ◽  
District Hospital ◽  
Perinatal Care ◽  
Decision Support Tools ◽  
Hospital Level ◽  
District Hospitals ◽  
Support Tools

Abstract Background South Africa has a high burden of perinatal deaths in spite of the availability of evidence-based interventions. The majority of preventable perinatal deaths occur in district hospitals and are mainly related to the functioning of the health system. Particularly, leadership in district hospitals needs to be strengthened in order to decrease the burden of perinatal mortality. Decision-making is a key function of leaders, however leaders in district hospitals are not supported to make evidence-based decisions. The aim of this research was to identify health system decision support tools that can be applied at district hospital level to strengthen decision-making in the health system for perinatal care in South Africa. Methods A structured approach, the systematic quantitative literature review method, was conducted to find published articles that reported on decision support tools to strengthen decision-making in a health system for perinatal, maternal, neonatal and child health. Articles published in English between 2003 and 2017 were sought through the following search engines: Google Scholar, EBSCOhost and Science Direct. Furthermore, the electronic databases searched were: Academic Search Complete, Health Source – Consumer Edition, Health Source – Nursing/Academic Edition and MEDLINE. Results The search yielded 6366 articles of which 43 met the inclusion criteria for review. Four decision support tools identified in the articles that met the inclusion criteria were the Lives Saved Tool, Maternal and Neonatal Directed Assessment of Technology model, OneHealth Tool, and Discrete Event Simulation. The analysis reflected that none of the identified decision support tools could be adopted at district hospital level to strengthen decision-making in the health system for perinatal care in South Africa. Conclusion There is a need to either adapt an existing decision support tool or to develop a tool that will support decision-making at district hospital level towards strengthening the health system for perinatal care in South Africa.

scholarly journals Cost-Effectiveness and Validity Assessment of Cyscope Microscope, Quantitative Buffy Coat Microscope, and Rapid Diagnostic Kit for Malaria Diagnosis among Clinic Attendees in Ibadan, Nigeria

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abiodun Ogunniyi ◽  
Magbagbeola David Dairo ◽  
Hannah Dada-Adegbola ◽  
Ikeoluwapo O. Ajayi ◽  
Adebola Olayinka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cost Effectiveness ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Malaria Diagnosis ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Turnaround Time ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Buffy Coat ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Validity Assessment ◽  
Diagnostic Instruments

Background. Unavailability of accurate, rapid, reliable, and cost-effective malaria diagnostic instruments constitutes major a challenge to malaria elimination. We validated alternative malaria diagnostic instruments and assessed their comparative cost-effectiveness. Method. Using a cross-sectional study design, 502 patients with malaria symptoms at selected health facilities in Ibadan between January and April 2014 were recruited consecutively. We examined malaria parasites using Cyscope®, QBC, and CareStart™ and results were compared to light microscopy (LM). Validity was determined by assessing sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV). Costs per hour of use for instruments and turnaround time were determined. Result. Sensitivity of the instruments was 76.0% (CareStart), 95.0% (Cyscope), and 98.1% (QBC). Specificity was 96.0% (CareStart), 87.3% (Cyscope), and 85.5% (QBC). PPV were 65.2%, 67.5%, and 84.7%, while NPV were 93.6%, 98.6%, and 99.4% for CareStart, Cyscope, and QBC with Kappa values of 0.75 (CI = 0.68–0.82) for CareStart, 0.72 (CI = 0.65–0.78) for Cyscope, and 0.71 (CI = 0.64–0.77) for QBC. Average cost per hour of use was the lowest ($2.04) with the Cyscope. Turnaround time was the fastest with Cyscope (5 minutes). Conclusion. Cyscope fluorescent microscope had the shortest turnaround time and is the most cost-effective of all the malaria diagnostic instruments evaluated.

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