Depressive Symptoms Among Adult Children Aged 55 Years or Older: The Effects of Support Provided to Their Older Parents

2019 ◽  
Vol 89 (4) ◽  
pp. 372-386 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiang Gao ◽  
Qiuju Guo ◽  
Fei Sun ◽  
David R. Hodge
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Adult Children ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Hierarchical Regression ◽  
Chinese Society ◽  
Older Children ◽  
Older Parents ◽  
Clinically Significant

Objectives This study examines the effects of frequency of visits, monetary, and in-kind support provided to older parents on the depressive symptoms of adult children. Method This study drew secondary data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study Follow-up Questionnaire. A total of 629 older children aged 55 years and older ( M = 59.80, standard deviation = 3.90) met the inclusion criteria. The dependent variable—depressive symptoms—was measured with the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression scale. Results Approximately 22% of participants reported clinically significant levels of depressive symptoms. Hierarchical regression analyses found that more frequent visits and monetary support to older parents were related to lower levels of depressive symptoms in older children. Conclusion Providing monetary support to parents may help mitigate a major concern of parents: health-care costs. Older children’s altruistic behaviors meet legal and cultural expectations in Chinese society, contributing to family intimacy and thereby their own mental health outcomes.

Depression as a Comorbid Condition: A Descriptive Comparative Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 42 (12) ◽  
pp. 1097-1103
Author(s):  
Judy Frain ◽  
Horng-Shiuann Wu ◽  
Ling Chen
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Depression Score ◽  
Comorbid Condition ◽  
Persons Living With Hiv ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Clinically Significant ◽  
Living With Hiv

Studies analyzing depressive symptoms across chronic disease populations are limited. Our descriptive comparison investigation included two studies on life-limiting conditions: Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) and breast cancer. In both, depressive symptoms were assessed using the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CES-D). We found a mean depression score of 18.1 (± 11.8) overall ( N = 243). Over half (54%) reported clinically significant depressive symptoms (CES-D ≥ 16); 26% reported severe depressive symptoms (CES-D > 24). Disease and years of education were predictors of depressive symptoms. Persons living with breast cancer showed significantly worse depressive symptoms than persons living with HIV (p < 0.0001). After adjusting for disease, fewer years of education predicted worse depressive symptoms (p < 0.0001). This study demonstrated common determinants of depressive symptoms in both disease populations, suggesting that underlying conditions known to be predictors of depression could be assessed to identify those at higher risk for depression.

scholarly journals Depressive symptoms and marital adjustment among primary care patients with erectile dysfunction in Umuahia, Nigeria

2016 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 6
Author(s):  
Nwaonu C. Nwakanma ◽  
John N. Ofoedu
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Erectile Dysfunction ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Marital Adjustment ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Dyadic Adjustment ◽  
Primary Care Patients ◽  
Clinically Significant ◽  
Partner Involvement

<p><strong>Objectives:</strong> The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between erectile dysfunction (ED), marital adjustment and depression. <br /><strong>Methods:</strong> The survey was conducted among primary care patients at Federal Medical Centre, Umuahia. Subjects were 678 married, male primary care patients; aged 20–70 years (mean age = 45 years). ED was assessed by International Index of Erectile Function 5 (IIEF-5) score, the presence of clinically significant depressive symptoms was assessed with the 5-item <br />version of the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CES-D), and marital adjustment was assessed with the Revised Dyadic Adjustment Scale (RDAS).<br /><strong>Results:</strong> The prevalence of probable depression by CES-D and ED by IIEF-5 score was 20.9% and 26.0%, respectively. Marital distress was rampant (62.0%) among subjects with ED (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05, <em>χ</em>2 = 196.58). Erectile dysfunction was associated with marital adjustment (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05). Partial correlation revealed that depression affects both ED and marital adjustment, and is closely related to both variables.<br /><strong>Conclusion:</strong> Partner involvement and screening for depression should be emphasised in the care of patients with ED.</p>

scholarly journals Maternal early pregnancy obesity and depressive symptoms during and after pregnancy

2018 ◽  
Vol 48 (14) ◽  
pp. 2353-2363 ◽  
Author(s):  
Satu M. Kumpulainen ◽  
Polina Girchenko ◽  
Marius Lahti-Pulkkinen ◽  
Rebecca M. Reynolds ◽  
Soile Tuovinen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Early Pregnancy ◽  
Maternal Obesity ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Obese Women ◽  
Medical Birth Register ◽  
Clinically Significant

AbstractBackgroundPrevious studies have linked maternal obesity with depressive symptoms during and after pregnancy. It remains unknown whether obesity associates with consistently elevated depressive symptoms throughout pregnancy, predicts symptoms postpartum when accounting for antenatal symptoms, and if co-morbid hypertensive and diabetic disorders add to these associations. We addressed these questions in a sample of Finnish women whom we followed during and after pregnancy.MethodsEarly pregnancy body mass index, derived from the Finnish Medical Birth Register and hospital records in 3234 PREDO study participants, was categorized into underweight (<18.5 kg/m2), normal weight (18.5–24.99 kg/m2), overweight (25–29.99 kg/m2), and obese (⩾30 kg/m2) groups. The women completed the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale biweekly during pregnancy, and at 2.4 (s.d.= 1.2) and/or 28.2 (s.d.= 4.2) weeks after pregnancy.ResultsIn comparison to normal weight women, overweight, and obese women reported higher levels of depressive symptoms and had higher odds of clinically significant depressive symptoms during (23% and 43%, respectively) and after pregnancy (22% and 36%, respectively). Underweight women had 68% higher odds of clinically significant depressive symptoms after pregnancy. Overweight and obesity also predicted higher depressive symptoms after pregnancy in women not reporting clinically relevant symptomatology during pregnancy. Hypertensive and diabetic disorders did not explain or add to these associations.ConclusionsMaternal early pregnancy overweight and obesity and depressive symptoms during and after pregnancy are associated. Mental health promotion should be included as an integral part of lifestyle interventions in early pregnancy obesity and extended to benefit also overweight and underweight women.

scholarly journals Children’s Geographic Proximity and Older Parents’ Depressive Symptoms in China

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 233372141772950 ◽  
Author(s):  
Di Liang ◽  
Donglan Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Adult Children ◽  
Geographic Distance ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Adult Child ◽  
Epidemiologic Studies ◽  
Geographic Proximity ◽  
Older Parents ◽  
Living Together

Objective: This study examined the association between children’s proximity and older parents’ depressive symptoms, and whether living with grandchildren modified this association. Method: Study sample was from the 2011 China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study ( N = 5,261). Elders’ depressive symptoms were measured using the 10-item Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale. Children’s proximity was measured by the geographic distance from an adult child to elders’ residence. Linear and logit regressions were performed. Results: Elders who had their nearest child living 100 km away were 9% more likely to experience severe depressive symptoms (95% CI: [1%, 16%]) than those living together with children. Among those living far away from adult children, living with a grandchild in the same household increased the likelihood of having severe depressive symptoms by 23% (95% CI: [12%, 34%]). Discussion: Relationships between children’s proximity and parents’ health were identified and modified by whether living with grandchildren.

scholarly journals Pensions and Depressive Symptoms of Older Adults in China: The Mediating Role of Intergenerational Support

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (7) ◽  
pp. 3725
Author(s):  
Hui He ◽  
Ling Xu ◽  
Noelle Fields
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Social Insurance ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Work And Family ◽  
Intergenerational Support ◽  
Mediation Analyses ◽  
Mediating Role

This study aimed to investigate the relations between pensions and depressive symptoms of Chinese older people, and whether intergenerational support mediated such association. Secondary data was drawn from Chinese Longitudinal Aging Social Survey (CLASS) 2014 (N = 6687). Depressive symptoms were measured by 12-item version of the Centre for Epidemiological Studies Depression scale (CES-D). Intergenerational support was measured by financial, instrumental, and emotional support. About 80.1% of the participants had pension and the mean score of depressive symptoms of the participants was 17.10 (SD = 4.35) with a range from 12 to 36. The results from hierarchical linear regression revealed that there was significantly association between pensions and lower levels of depressive symptoms (B = −0.645, p < 0.000). Findings of mediation analyses also indicated that financial support from adult children played a mediating role between pensions and depressive symptoms (B = −0.039, 95% CI [−0.064, −0.018], z = −3.082, p = 0.002). Findings from this study enrich our theoretical and practical understanding of the roles of intergenerational support, and offer implications for social insurance policy, social work, and family support interventions for Chinese older adults.

scholarly journals The Impact of Work Hours on Depressive Symptoms among Koreans Aged 45 and Over

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 853
Author(s):  
Juyeong Kim ◽  
Eun-Cheol Park
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Social Services ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Work Hours ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Health Studies ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
The Impact

Background: Given the documented importance of employment for middle-aged and older adults’ mental health, studies of the association between their number of work hours and depressive symptoms are needed. Objectives: To examine the association between the number of work hours and depressive symptoms in Korean aged 45 and over. Methods: We used data from the first wave to fourth wave of the Korea Longitudinal Study of Aging. Using the first wave at baseline, data included 9845 individuals. Depressive symptoms were measured using the 10-item Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression scale. We performed a longitudinal analysis to estimate the prevalence of depressive symptoms by work hours. Results: Both unemployed males and females aged 45–65 years were associated with higher depressive symptoms (β = 0.59, p < 0.001; β = 0.32, p < 0.001). Females working ≥ 69 h were associated with higher depressive symptoms compared to those working 41–68 h (β = 0.25, p = 0.013). Among those both middle-aged and older adults, both males and females unemployed were associated with higher depressive symptoms. Those middle-aged female working ≥69 h were associated with higher depressive symptoms. Conclusions: An increase in depressive symptoms was associated with unemployed males and females working ≥69 h compared to those working 41–68 h. Although this association was found among middle-aged individuals, a decrease in depressive symptoms in both sexes was associated with working 1–40 h. Depressive symptoms should decrease by implementing employment policies and social services to encourage employers to support middle-aged and older adults in the workforce considering their sex and age differences.

scholarly journals Regular Exercise and Depressive Symptoms in Korean Older Adults

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 303
Author(s):  
Young-Mee Kim ◽  
Sung-il Cho
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Grip Strength ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Hand Grip Strength ◽  
Regular Exercise ◽  
Older Individuals ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Hand Grip

Prior studies have found that exercise has a positive effect on depressive symptoms in the general population. For older individuals, however, the association between exercise and depressive symptoms is conclusive. We examined whether regular exercise is related to depressive symptoms in 5379 Korean adults aged ≥55 years using data from a 2016 survey administered in the Korean Longitudinal Study of Aging. We used the 10-item Center for Epidemiological Studies–Depression scale to assess depressive symptoms. We performed a multivariate logistic regression analysis to investigate the relationship between regular exercise and depressive symptoms, adjusting for sociodemographic characteristics, self-rated health, number of chronic diseases, body mass index, hand-grip strength, physical disability, cognitive impairment, and health behavior. Interaction terms, including regular exercise and health-related factors, were also added. We found that a lack of regular exercise was significantly related to an increased frequency of depressive symptoms (OR = 1.18, 95% CI = 1.03–1.35). Moreover, hand-grip strength may increase the effect of regular exercise on depressive symptoms in individuals 65 years and older (OR = 1.01 vs. 1.70, 95% CI = 1.05–1.96). Our results suggest that it is important to encourage older individuals to exercise regularly as a means of relieving depressive symptoms.

The impact of cataract surgery on depressive symptoms for bilateral cataract patients in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam

2013 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 307-313 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kien Gia To ◽  
Lynn B. Meuleners ◽  
Michelle L. Fraser ◽  
Dat Van Duong ◽  
Dung Van Do ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visual Acuity ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Cataract Surgery ◽  
Contrast Sensitivity ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Ho Chi Minh City ◽  
Bilateral Cataract ◽  
Vietnamese Population ◽  
The Impact

ABSTRACTBackground:Depression is common among older populations with cataract. However, the impact of cataract surgery on depression in both developed and developing countries remains unclear. The aim of this study is to determine the impact of cataract surgery on depressive symptoms and to examine the association between objective visual measures and change in depressive symptoms after surgery among a Vietnamese population in Ho Chi Minh City.Methods:A cohort of older patients with bilateral cataract were assessed the week before and one to three months after first eye surgery only or first- and second-eye cataract surgeries. Visual measures including visual acuity, contrast sensitivity, and stereopsis were obtained. Depressive symptoms were assessed using the 20-item Center for Epidemiological Studies-Depression Scale (CES-D). Descriptive analyses and a generalized estimating equations (GEE) analysis were undertaken to determine the impact of cataract surgery on depressive symptoms.Results:Four hundred and thirteen participants were recruited into the study before cataract surgery. Two hundred and forty-seven completed the follow-up assessment after surgery. There was a significant decrease (improvement) of one point in the depressive symptoms score (p = 0.04) after cataract surgery, after accounting for potential confounding factors. In addition, females reported a significantly greater decrease (improvement) of two points in depressive symptom scores (p = 0.01), compared to males. However, contrast sensitivity, visual acuity, and stereopsis were not significantly associated with change in depressive symptoms scores. First-eye cataract surgery or both-eye cataract surgery did not modify the change in depressive symptoms score.Conclusion:There was a small but significant improvement in depressive symptoms score after cataract surgery for an older population in Vietnam.

scholarly journals Length of gestation and depressive symptoms at age 60 years

2007 ◽  
Vol 190 (6) ◽  
pp. 469-474 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katri Räikkönen ◽  
Anu-Katriina Pesonen ◽  
Eero Kajantie ◽  
Kati Heinonen ◽  
Tom Forsén ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Birth Size ◽  
Gestational Length ◽  
Socioeconomic Characteristics ◽  
Duration Of Gestation ◽  
Length Of Gestation

BackgroundA non-optimal foetal environment, reflected in smaller birth size and shorter duration of gestation, is a risk factor for compromised health later in life.AimsTo examine whether smaller birth size and shorter gestation predict depressive symptoms.MethodA total of 1371 members of a cohort born between 1934 and 1944 at term (259–294 days' gestation) in Helsinki, Finland, completed the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression scale (CES–D) at an average age of 61.5 years (BDI) and 63.4 years (BDI and CES–D).ResultsGestational length predicted depressive symptoms linearly and independently of gender and birth weight: per day decrease in gestational length, depressive symptoms scores increased by 0.8-0.9% (95% CI 0.2-1.4, P<0.009). Weight, length and head circumference at birth showed no linear association with depression, adjusted for gender and gestational length. The results did not change when further controlled for socioeconomic characteristics at birth and in adulthood, age and body mass index in adulthood.ConclusionsSusceptibility to depressive symptoms may relate to shorter length of gestation.

scholarly journals The Relationship Between Reported Pain and Depressive Symptoms Among Adolescents

2018 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 87-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sofie Borgman ◽  
Ida Ericsson ◽  
Eva K. Clausson ◽  
Pernilla Garmy
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Pain ◽  
Back Pain ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Scale Scores ◽  
Prevalence Of Pain ◽  
The Relationship

Pain and depressive symptoms are common reasons for adolescents to contact the school nurse. The aim was to describe the prevalence of pain (headache, abdominal pain, and back pain) and depressive symptoms among adolescents and to examine whether there is an association between pain and depressive symptoms. This cross-sectional survey included students ( N = 639) in Sweden (median age: 16 years). Over half of the female participants (56%) and one third of male participants (33%) had weekly headaches, abdominal pain, or back pain. Almost every second girl (48%) and one in four boys (25%) had depressive symptoms (as measured by the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale, scores ≥ 16). There was a significant association between having pain (headache, abdominal pain, or back pain) and having depressive symptoms. It is of great importance for school nurses to adequately identify and treat the cause of pain and other factors contributing to depression.

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