Maternal early pregnancy obesity and depressive symptoms during and after pregnancy

AbstractBackgroundPrevious studies have linked maternal obesity with depressive symptoms during and after pregnancy. It remains unknown whether obesity associates with consistently elevated depressive symptoms throughout pregnancy, predicts symptoms postpartum when accounting for antenatal symptoms, and if co-morbid hypertensive and diabetic disorders add to these associations. We addressed these questions in a sample of Finnish women whom we followed during and after pregnancy.MethodsEarly pregnancy body mass index, derived from the Finnish Medical Birth Register and hospital records in 3234 PREDO study participants, was categorized into underweight (<18.5 kg/m2), normal weight (18.5–24.99 kg/m2), overweight (25–29.99 kg/m2), and obese (⩾30 kg/m2) groups. The women completed the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale biweekly during pregnancy, and at 2.4 (s.d.= 1.2) and/or 28.2 (s.d.= 4.2) weeks after pregnancy.ResultsIn comparison to normal weight women, overweight, and obese women reported higher levels of depressive symptoms and had higher odds of clinically significant depressive symptoms during (23% and 43%, respectively) and after pregnancy (22% and 36%, respectively). Underweight women had 68% higher odds of clinically significant depressive symptoms after pregnancy. Overweight and obesity also predicted higher depressive symptoms after pregnancy in women not reporting clinically relevant symptomatology during pregnancy. Hypertensive and diabetic disorders did not explain or add to these associations.ConclusionsMaternal early pregnancy overweight and obesity and depressive symptoms during and after pregnancy are associated. Mental health promotion should be included as an integral part of lifestyle interventions in early pregnancy obesity and extended to benefit also overweight and underweight women.

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Depression as a Comorbid Condition: A Descriptive Comparative Study

Western Journal of Nursing Research ◽

10.1177/0193945920937450 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 42 (12) ◽

pp. 1097-1103

Author(s):

Judy Frain ◽

Horng-Shiuann Wu ◽

Ling Chen

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Depressive Symptoms ◽

Depression Scale ◽

Epidemiological Studies ◽

Depression Score ◽

Comorbid Condition ◽

Persons Living With Hiv ◽

Immunodeficiency Virus ◽

Clinically Significant ◽

Living With Hiv

Studies analyzing depressive symptoms across chronic disease populations are limited. Our descriptive comparison investigation included two studies on life-limiting conditions: Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) and breast cancer. In both, depressive symptoms were assessed using the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CES-D). We found a mean depression score of 18.1 (± 11.8) overall ( N = 243). Over half (54%) reported clinically significant depressive symptoms (CES-D ≥ 16); 26% reported severe depressive symptoms (CES-D > 24). Disease and years of education were predictors of depressive symptoms. Persons living with breast cancer showed significantly worse depressive symptoms than persons living with HIV (p < 0.0001). After adjusting for disease, fewer years of education predicted worse depressive symptoms (p < 0.0001). This study demonstrated common determinants of depressive symptoms in both disease populations, suggesting that underlying conditions known to be predictors of depression could be assessed to identify those at higher risk for depression.

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Less Animal-Based Food, Better Weight Status: Associations of the Restriction of Animal-Based Product Intake with Body-Mass-Index, Depressive Symptoms and Personality in the General Population

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu12051492 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (5) ◽

pp. 1492 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Evelyn Medawar ◽

Cornelia Enzenbach ◽

Susanne Roehr ◽

Arno Villringer ◽

Steffi Riedel-Heller ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Body Mass Index ◽

Depressive Symptoms ◽

Personality Traits ◽

Body Mass ◽

Weight Status ◽

Emotional Health ◽

Depression Scale ◽

Epidemiological Studies ◽

Overweight And Obesity ◽

Cross Sectional

Restricting animal-based products from diet may exert beneficial effects on weight status; however, less is known about such a diet and emotional health. Moreover, personality traits, for example high neuroticism, may contribute to restrictive eating habits and potentially confound diet-health associations. We aim to systematically assess if restrictive dietary intake of animal-based products relates to lower weight and higher depressive symptoms, and if differences in personality traits play a significant role. Cross-sectional data from the baseline LIFE-Adult study were collected from 2011–2014 in Leipzig, Germany (n = 8943). Main outcomes of interest were dietary frequency of animal-derived products in the last year measured using a Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ), body-mass-index (BMI) (kg/m2), and the Center of Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CES-D). Personality traits were assessed in a subsample of n = 7906 using the Five Factor Inventory (NEO-FFI). Higher restriction of animal-based product intake was associated with a lower BMI, but not with depression scores. Personality, i.e., lower extraversion, was related to lower frequency of animal product intake. Moreover, personality traits were significantly associated with depressive symptoms, i.e., higher neuroticism, lower extraversion, lower agreeableness, lower conscientiousness, and with higher BMI. These findings encourage future longitudinal studies to test the efficacy of restricting animal-based products as a preventive and therapeutic strategy for overweight and obesity.

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Depressive symptoms and marital adjustment among primary care patients with erectile dysfunction in Umuahia, Nigeria

South African Journal of Psychiatry ◽

10.4102/sajpsychiatry.v22i1.979 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 22 (1) ◽

pp. 6

Author(s):

Nwaonu C. Nwakanma ◽

John N. Ofoedu

Keyword(s):

Primary Care ◽

Erectile Dysfunction ◽

Depressive Symptoms ◽

Marital Adjustment ◽

Depression Scale ◽

Epidemiological Studies ◽

Dyadic Adjustment ◽

Primary Care Patients ◽

Clinically Significant ◽

Partner Involvement

Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between erectile dysfunction (ED), marital adjustment and depression. Methods: The survey was conducted among primary care patients at Federal Medical Centre, Umuahia. Subjects were 678 married, male primary care patients; aged 20–70 years (mean age = 45 years). ED was assessed by International Index of Erectile Function 5 (IIEF-5) score, the presence of clinically significant depressive symptoms was assessed with the 5-item version of the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CES-D), and marital adjustment was assessed with the Revised Dyadic Adjustment Scale (RDAS). Results: The prevalence of probable depression by CES-D and ED by IIEF-5 score was 20.9% and 26.0%, respectively. Marital distress was rampant (62.0%) among subjects with ED (p < 0.05, χ2 = 196.58). Erectile dysfunction was associated with marital adjustment (p < 0.05). Partial correlation revealed that depression affects both ED and marital adjustment, and is closely related to both variables. Conclusion: Partner involvement and screening for depression should be emphasised in the care of patients with ED.

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Depressive symptoms are associated with weight gain among women

Psychological Medicine ◽

10.1017/s0033291712000566 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 42 (11) ◽

pp. 2351-2360 ◽

Cited By ~ 27

Author(s):

A. R. Sutin ◽

A. B. Zonderman

Keyword(s):

Depressive Symptoms ◽

Weight Gain ◽

Hierarchical Linear Modeling ◽

Depression Scale ◽

Epidemiological Studies ◽

Normal Weight ◽

Linear Modeling ◽

Hip Circumference ◽

Adult Lifespan ◽

Baltimore Longitudinal Study

BackgroundMany studies have linked depression and obesity; few have more than two assessments of depressive symptoms and adiposity to address the potential bidirectional relationship between adiposity and depressive symptoms from young adulthood through old age. We tested whether baseline depressive symptoms are associated with changes in weight, whether baseline adiposity is associated with changes in depressive symptoms, and whether these associations vary by sex.MethodParticipants (n=2251; 47% female) were from the Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging (BLSA). Using hierarchical linear modeling (HLM) on 30 years of data, the trajectory of adiposity and depressive symptoms over adulthood was estimated from >10 000 observations (mean=4.5 assessments per participant) of body mass index (BMI; kg/m2), waist circumference and hip circumference and >10 000 observations (mean=4.5 assessments per participant) of the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CES-D). Baseline depressive symptoms and adiposity were then tested as predictors of the trajectory of adiposity and depressive symptoms respectively. Additional analyses tested for sex-specific associations.ResultsSex moderated the association between depressive symptoms and weight gain such that women who experienced depressed affect had greater increases in BMI (binteraction=0.12, s.e.=0.04), waist (binteraction=0.22, s.e.=0.10) and hip circumference (binteraction=0.20, s.e.=0.07) across the adult lifespan, controlling for relevant demographic and behavioral covariates. Baseline adiposity was unrelated to the trajectory of depressive symptoms (median b=0.00) for both sexes.ConclusionsWomen who experience symptoms of depression tend to gain more weight across adulthood than men who experience such symptoms. Whether an individual was normal weight or overweight was unrelated to changes in depressive symptoms across adulthood.

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Maternal Obesity Affects Cardiac Remodeling and Recovery in Women with Peripartum Cardiomyopathy

American Journal of Perinatology ◽

10.1055/s-0038-1669439 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 36 (05) ◽

pp. 476-483 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Esa Davis ◽

Gregory Ewald ◽

Michael Givertz ◽

Navin Rajagopalan ◽

Leslie Cooper ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Ejection Fraction ◽

Cardiac Remodeling ◽

Maternal Obesity ◽

Left Ventricular ◽

Normal Weight ◽

Peripartum Cardiomyopathy ◽

Overweight And Obesity ◽

Obese Women ◽

Cardiac Recovery ◽

Lv Dysfunction

Objective To examine the association between maternal obesity on left ventricular (LV) size and recovery in women with peripartum cardiomyopathy (PPCM). Study Design This was a prospective analysis of 100 women enrolled within 13 weeks of PPCM diagnosis and followed for a year in the Investigation of Pregnancy Associated Cardiomyopathy study. Adiposity was defined by standard body mass index (BMI) definitions for under/normal weight, overweight, and obesity. Demographic, clinical, and biomarker variables were compared across weight categories. Outcomes LV end-diastolic diameter (LVEDD) and ejection fraction were measured at entry, 6, and 12 months postpartum. Multivariable regression models examined the relationship between adiposity, LV size, and leptin levels with cardiac recovery at 6 and 12 months postpartum. Results Obese and nonobese women had similar LV dysfunction at entry. Obese women had greater LV size and less LV recovery at 6 and 12 months postpartum. BMI was positively associated with leptin and ventricular diameter. Greater BMI at entry remained associated with less ventricular recovery at 6 months (p = 0.02) in adjusted race-stratified models. LVEDD at entry predicted lower ejection fraction at 6 months (p < 0.001) and similarly at 12 months. Conclusion Obese women with PPCM had greater cardiac remodeling, higher leptin levels, and diminished cardiac recovery.

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Depressive Symptoms Among Adult Children Aged 55 Years or Older: The Effects of Support Provided to Their Older Parents

The International Journal of Aging and Human Development ◽

10.1177/0091415018822064 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 89 (4) ◽

pp. 372-386 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Xiang Gao ◽

Qiuju Guo ◽

Fei Sun ◽

David R. Hodge

Keyword(s):

Depressive Symptoms ◽

Adult Children ◽

Depression Scale ◽

Secondary Data ◽

Epidemiological Studies ◽

Hierarchical Regression ◽

Chinese Society ◽

Older Children ◽

Older Parents ◽

Clinically Significant

Objectives This study examines the effects of frequency of visits, monetary, and in-kind support provided to older parents on the depressive symptoms of adult children. Method This study drew secondary data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study Follow-up Questionnaire. A total of 629 older children aged 55 years and older ( M = 59.80, standard deviation = 3.90) met the inclusion criteria. The dependent variable—depressive symptoms—was measured with the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression scale. Results Approximately 22% of participants reported clinically significant levels of depressive symptoms. Hierarchical regression analyses found that more frequent visits and monetary support to older parents were related to lower levels of depressive symptoms in older children. Conclusion Providing monetary support to parents may help mitigate a major concern of parents: health-care costs. Older children’s altruistic behaviors meet legal and cultural expectations in Chinese society, contributing to family intimacy and thereby their own mental health outcomes.

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Association between pre-pregnancy weight status and maternal micronutrient status in early pregnancy

Public Health Nutrition ◽

10.1017/s1368980018000459 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 21 (11) ◽

pp. 2046-2055 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Judith M Scholing ◽

Margreet R Olthof ◽

Femkje AM Jonker ◽

Tanja GM Vrijkotte

Keyword(s):

Early Pregnancy ◽

Weight Status ◽

Normal Weight ◽

Overweight And Obesity ◽

Serum Folate ◽

Vitamin B ◽

Obese Women ◽

Overweight Women ◽

Micronutrient Status ◽

Pregnancy Weight

AbstractObjectiveInadequate maternal micronutrient status during pregnancy can lead to short- and long-term health risks for mother and offspring. The present study investigated the association between pre-pregnancy weight status and micronutrient status during pregnancy.DesignMaternal blood samples were collected during early pregnancy (median 13, interquartile range 12–15 weeks) and were assayed for serum folate, ferritin, Fe and vitamin B12. Regression modelling was used to assess the association between pre-pregnancy underweight, normal weight, overweight and obesity, and micronutrient levels, as well as the odds for deficiencies.SettingThe Amsterdam Born Children and their Development (ABCD) study, the Netherlands.SubjectsWomen with singleton pregnancies without diabetes (n 4243).ResultsAfter adjustment for covariates, overweight women and obese women had lower (β; 95 % CI) folate (−1·2; −2·2, −0·2 and −2·3; −4·0, −0·7 nmol/l, respectively) and Fe (−1·7; −2·3, −1·1 and −3·6; −4·7, −2·6 μmol/l, respectively) levels than women with normal weight. Furthermore, overweight women had 6 % (95 % CI −9, −3 %) and obese women had 15 % (−19, −10 %), lower vitamin B12 levels, and obese women had 19 % (6, 32 %) higher ferritin levels, than normal-weight women. Obese women had higher odds (OR; 95 % CI) for folate deficiency (2·03; 1·35, 3·06), Fe deficiency (3·26; 2·09, 5·08) and vitamin B12 deficiency (2·05; 1·41, 2·99) than women with normal weight. Underweight was not associated with micronutrient status.ConclusionsDuring early pregnancy, women with pre-pregnancy overweight and obesity had lower serum folate, Fe and vitamin B12 status. This resulted in increased risk of serum folate, Fe and vitamin B12 deficiencies in women with obesity.

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The Impact of Work Hours on Depressive Symptoms among Koreans Aged 45 and Over

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph18030853 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (3) ◽

pp. 853

Author(s):

Juyeong Kim ◽

Eun-Cheol Park

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Depressive Symptoms ◽

Social Services ◽

Depression Scale ◽

Epidemiological Studies ◽

Work Hours ◽

Middle Aged ◽

Health Studies ◽

Males And Females ◽

The Impact

Background: Given the documented importance of employment for middle-aged and older adults’ mental health, studies of the association between their number of work hours and depressive symptoms are needed. Objectives: To examine the association between the number of work hours and depressive symptoms in Korean aged 45 and over. Methods: We used data from the first wave to fourth wave of the Korea Longitudinal Study of Aging. Using the first wave at baseline, data included 9845 individuals. Depressive symptoms were measured using the 10-item Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression scale. We performed a longitudinal analysis to estimate the prevalence of depressive symptoms by work hours. Results: Both unemployed males and females aged 45–65 years were associated with higher depressive symptoms (β = 0.59, p < 0.001; β = 0.32, p < 0.001). Females working ≥ 69 h were associated with higher depressive symptoms compared to those working 41–68 h (β = 0.25, p = 0.013). Among those both middle-aged and older adults, both males and females unemployed were associated with higher depressive symptoms. Those middle-aged female working ≥69 h were associated with higher depressive symptoms. Conclusions: An increase in depressive symptoms was associated with unemployed males and females working ≥69 h compared to those working 41–68 h. Although this association was found among middle-aged individuals, a decrease in depressive symptoms in both sexes was associated with working 1–40 h. Depressive symptoms should decrease by implementing employment policies and social services to encourage employers to support middle-aged and older adults in the workforce considering their sex and age differences.

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Regular Exercise and Depressive Symptoms in Korean Older Adults

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph18010303 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (1) ◽

pp. 303

Author(s):

Young-Mee Kim ◽

Sung-il Cho

Keyword(s):

Depressive Symptoms ◽

Grip Strength ◽

Multivariate Logistic Regression Analysis ◽

Depression Scale ◽

Epidemiological Studies ◽

Hand Grip Strength ◽

Regular Exercise ◽

Older Individuals ◽

Related Factors ◽

Hand Grip

Prior studies have found that exercise has a positive effect on depressive symptoms in the general population. For older individuals, however, the association between exercise and depressive symptoms is conclusive. We examined whether regular exercise is related to depressive symptoms in 5379 Korean adults aged ≥55 years using data from a 2016 survey administered in the Korean Longitudinal Study of Aging. We used the 10-item Center for Epidemiological Studies–Depression scale to assess depressive symptoms. We performed a multivariate logistic regression analysis to investigate the relationship between regular exercise and depressive symptoms, adjusting for sociodemographic characteristics, self-rated health, number of chronic diseases, body mass index, hand-grip strength, physical disability, cognitive impairment, and health behavior. Interaction terms, including regular exercise and health-related factors, were also added. We found that a lack of regular exercise was significantly related to an increased frequency of depressive symptoms (OR = 1.18, 95% CI = 1.03–1.35). Moreover, hand-grip strength may increase the effect of regular exercise on depressive symptoms in individuals 65 years and older (OR = 1.01 vs. 1.70, 95% CI = 1.05–1.96). Our results suggest that it is important to encourage older individuals to exercise regularly as a means of relieving depressive symptoms.

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The impact of cataract surgery on depressive symptoms for bilateral cataract patients in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam

International Psychogeriatrics ◽

10.1017/s1041610213001907 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 26 (2) ◽

pp. 307-313 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Kien Gia To ◽

Lynn B. Meuleners ◽

Michelle L. Fraser ◽

Dat Van Duong ◽

Dung Van Do ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Visual Acuity ◽

Depressive Symptoms ◽

Cataract Surgery ◽

Contrast Sensitivity ◽

Depression Scale ◽

Epidemiological Studies ◽

Ho Chi Minh City ◽

Bilateral Cataract ◽

Vietnamese Population ◽

The Impact

ABSTRACTBackground:Depression is common among older populations with cataract. However, the impact of cataract surgery on depression in both developed and developing countries remains unclear. The aim of this study is to determine the impact of cataract surgery on depressive symptoms and to examine the association between objective visual measures and change in depressive symptoms after surgery among a Vietnamese population in Ho Chi Minh City.Methods:A cohort of older patients with bilateral cataract were assessed the week before and one to three months after first eye surgery only or first- and second-eye cataract surgeries. Visual measures including visual acuity, contrast sensitivity, and stereopsis were obtained. Depressive symptoms were assessed using the 20-item Center for Epidemiological Studies-Depression Scale (CES-D). Descriptive analyses and a generalized estimating equations (GEE) analysis were undertaken to determine the impact of cataract surgery on depressive symptoms.Results:Four hundred and thirteen participants were recruited into the study before cataract surgery. Two hundred and forty-seven completed the follow-up assessment after surgery. There was a significant decrease (improvement) of one point in the depressive symptoms score (p = 0.04) after cataract surgery, after accounting for potential confounding factors. In addition, females reported a significantly greater decrease (improvement) of two points in depressive symptom scores (p = 0.01), compared to males. However, contrast sensitivity, visual acuity, and stereopsis were not significantly associated with change in depressive symptoms scores. First-eye cataract surgery or both-eye cataract surgery did not modify the change in depressive symptoms score.Conclusion:There was a small but significant improvement in depressive symptoms score after cataract surgery for an older population in Vietnam.

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