scholarly journals The Peer Relationships of Youths With Psychopathic Personality Traits

2008 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 212-227 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luna C. Muñoz ◽  
Margaret Kerr ◽  
Nejra Besic
Keyword(s):  
Personality Traits ◽  
Relationship Quality ◽  
Peer Relationships ◽  
Community Sample ◽  
Psychopathic Traits ◽  
Psychopathic Personality ◽  
Short Term ◽  
High Conflict

Because a callous use of others in many short-term relationships is one criterion for diagnosing psychopathy in adults, one would expect adolescents who are high on psychopathic personality traits to have unstable, conflict-ridden peer relationships. Little is known about this, however, or about the peer activities of youths who are high in psychopathic traits. The authors examined relationship quality and delinquency with peers in a community sample of 12- to 15-year-old adolescents who were stably high or stably low on psychopathic traits during 4 years. Peers also provided data on relationship quality. Youths high on psychopathic traits often engaged in antisocial activities with their peers. Although they reported conflict in their peer relationships, their peers did not report low support or high conflict in those relationships. The authors conclude that youths with psychopathic traits have biased perspectives on interactions with close peers, and this might underlie future problems.

Relationship between defense mechanisms and psychopathic traits in an Internet sample

2021 ◽  
Vol 85 (3) ◽  
pp. 271-282
Author(s):  
Sandra Weber ◽  
William H. Gottdiener ◽  
Cordelia Chou
Keyword(s):  
Defense Mechanisms ◽  
Community Sample ◽  
Psychopathic Traits ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Psychopathic Personality ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Personality Profile ◽  
Defense Style ◽  
Defense Style Questionnaire ◽  
Internet Sample

The authors compared the defense mechanisms used by a community sample of people with and without self-reported psychopathic traits. Defense mechanisms were assessed using the Defense Style Questionnaire-60 and psychopathy was assessed using the Levinson Self-Report Psychopathy Scale in a sample of 225 adults recruited on the Internet. Results found that people with self-reported psychopathy traits used significantly more immature and neurotic defense mechanisms than people without a psychopathic personality profile. All participants reported equal use of mature defenses.

scholarly journals Toddler dysregulated fear predicts continued risk for social anxiety symptoms in early adolescence

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristin A. Buss ◽  
Sunghye Cho ◽  
Santiago Morales ◽  
Meghan McDoniel ◽  
Ann Frank Webb ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Social Anxiety ◽  
Relationship Quality ◽  
Peer Relationships ◽  
Parental Monitoring ◽  
Social Withdrawal ◽  
Community Sample ◽  
Anxiety Symptoms ◽  
Child Reports ◽  
Two Samples

Abstract Identifying early risk factors for the development of social anxiety symptoms has important translational implications. Accurately identifying which children are at the highest risk is of critical importance, especially if we can identify risk early in development. We examined continued risk for social anxiety symptoms at the transition to adolescence in a community sample of children (n = 112) that had been observed for high fearfulness at age 2 and tracked for social anxiety symptoms from preschool through age 6. In our previous studies, we found that a pattern of dysregulated fear (DF), characterized by high fear in low threat contexts, predicted social anxiety symptoms at ages 3, 4, 5, and 6 years across two samples. In the current study, we re-evaluated these children at 11–13 years of age by using parent and child reports of social anxiety symptoms, parental monitoring, and peer relationship quality. The scores for DF uniquely predicted adolescents’ social anxiety symptoms beyond the prediction that was made by more proximal measures of behavioral (e.g., kindergarten social withdrawal) and concurrent environmental risk factors (e.g., parental monitoring, peer relationships). Implications for early detection, prevention, and intervention are discussed.

Violent peer influence: The roles of self-esteem and psychopathic traits

2015 ◽  
Vol 27 (4pt1) ◽  
pp. 1077-1088 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maarten Herman Walter Van Zalk ◽  
Nejra Van Zalk
Keyword(s):  
Peer Relationships ◽  
Peer Influence ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Psychopathic Traits ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Psychopathic Personality ◽  
Adolescent Violence ◽  
Callous Unemotional ◽  
Callous Unemotional Traits ◽  
Unemotional Traits

AbstractEvidence for the risks of psychopathic personality traits for adolescent antisocial behavior are well documented in the literature. Little is known, however, about who the peers of adolescents with these traits are and to what extent they influence one another. In the current study, three dimensions of psychopathic traits were distinguished: grandiose–manipulative traits, callous–unemotional traits, and impulsive–irresponsible traits. A dynamic social network approach was used with three waves of longitudinal data from 1,772 adolescents (51.1% girls, M age = 13.03 at first measurement). Results showed that adolescents with grandiose–manipulative and callous–unemotional traits formed peer relationships with adolescents who had low self-esteem. Furthermore, peers' violence predicted stronger increases in violence for adolescents with low self-esteem than for other adolescents, and peers' violence predicted stronger increases in adolescent violence for peers with high psychopathic traits than for other peers. Thus, findings indicate that adolescents with low self-esteem are vulnerable to deviant peer influence from peers with psychopathic traits.

scholarly journals The Durand Adaptive Psychopathic Traits Questionnaire: development and validation

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guillaume Durand
Keyword(s):  
Community Sample ◽  
Questionnaire Development ◽  
Internal Consistency Reliability ◽  
Psychopathic Traits ◽  
Psychopathic Personality ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Adaptive Traits ◽  
Convergent And Divergent Validity ◽  
Good Internal Consistency ◽  
As Stress

While the term ‘‘psychopathy’’ is embedded with negativity, evidence points to the existence of another form of psychopathy, which involves adaptive traits such as stress and anxiety immunity, remarkable social skills, noteworthy leadership ability, and an absence of fear. The newly developed Durand Adaptive Psychopathic Traits Questionnaire (DAPTQ) aims to assess adaptive traits known to correlate with the psychopathic personality. Validation of the questionnaire among 765 individuals from the community gave support to a 10-factor solution: Leadership, Logical Thinking, Composure, Creativity, Fearlessness, Money Smart, Focus, Extroversion, Consequentialism, and Management. The DAPTQ and its 10 subscales demonstrated good internal consistency reliability in a community sample (0.64 - 0.88). Good convergent and divergent validity was confirmed by administering the DAPTQ alongside established measures of the psychopathic personality. Subscales validation against well-established personality assessments further confirms the DAPTQ’s strength. These findings support the potential of the DAPTQ as an instrument for measuring psychopathy-associated adaptive traits. Limitations of the present study and potential directions for future research are also discussed. Further studies are needed to validate the DAPTQ and its subscales against a wider range of personality traits and behaviors.

Psychopathic Traits and Moral Disengagement Interact to Predict Bullying and Cyberbullying Among Adolescents

2016 ◽  
Vol 34 (11) ◽  
pp. 2313-2332 ◽  
Author(s):  
Izaskun Orue ◽  
Esther Calvete
Keyword(s):  
Personality Traits ◽  
Moral Disengagement ◽  
Community Sample ◽  
Psychopathic Traits ◽  
Traditional Bullying ◽  
Callous Unemotional ◽  
Callous Unemotional Traits ◽  
Moral Growth ◽  
Unemotional Traits ◽  
Low Levels

The aim of this study was to test a model in which psychopathic traits (callous-unemotional, grandiose-manipulative, and impulsive-irresponsible) and moral disengagement individually and interactively predict two types of bullying (traditional and cyberbullying) in a community sample of adolescents. A total of 765 adolescents (464 girls and 301 boys) completed measures of moral disengagement and psychopathic traits at Time 1, and measures of bullying and cyberbullying at Time 1 and 1 year later, at Time 2. The results showed that callous-unemotional traits predicted both traditional bullying and cyberbullying, grandiose-manipulative and impulsive-irresponsible traits only predicted traditional bullying, and moral disengagement only predicted cyberbullying. Callous-Unemotional Traits × Moral Disengagement and Grandiose-Manipulative × Moral Disengagement were significantly correlated with the residual change in cyberbullying. Callous-unemotional traits were positively related to cyberbullying at high levels of moral disengagement but not when moral disengagement was low. In contrast, grandiose-manipulative traits were positively related to cyberbullying at low levels of moral disengagement but not when moral disengagement was high. These findings have implications for both prevention and intervention. Integrative approaches that promote moral growth are needed, including a deeper understanding of why bullying is morally wrong and ways to stimulate personality traits that counteract psychopathic traits.

scholarly journals The Durand Adaptive Psychopathic Traits Questionnaire: development and preliminary validation

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guillaume Durand
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Sample ◽  
Community Sample ◽  
Questionnaire Development ◽  
Psychopathic Traits ◽  
Psychopathic Personality ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Adaptive Traits ◽  
Social Deviance ◽  
Convergent And Divergent Validity ◽  
As Stress

In recent decades, psychopathic personality has become synonym to a pervasive personality disorder characterized by a lack of empathy, callousness, impulsivity, social deviance and aggressive behavior. However, evidences point to the existence of another form of psychopathy, which involves adaptive traits such as stress and anxiety immunity, remarkable social skills, noteworthy leadership ability, and an absence of fear. The newly developed Durand Adaptive Psychopathic Traits Questionnaire (DAPTQ) aims to assess adaptive traits known to correlate with the psychopathic personality. Validation of the questionnaire among 765 individuals from the community gave support for a 4-factor solution within the DAPTQ: Extroverted Leading, Rational Thinking, Risk Taking, and Composure. The DAPTQ and its four subscales demonstrated high internal consistency in a community sample (0.78 - 0.88) and in a clinical sample (0.79 - 0.90). Good convergent and divergent validity was established by administering the DAPTQ alongside established measures of psychopathic personality. Subscales validation against well-established personality assessments further confirm the DAPTQ’s strength. These findings indicate that the DAPTQ is a reliable and valid tool for measuring psychopathy-associated adaptive traits. Limitations of the present study and potential directives for future research are also discussed. Further studies are needed to validate the DAPTQ and its subscales against a wider range of personality traits and behaviors.

scholarly journals The Durand Adaptive Psychopathic Traits Questionnaire: development and preliminary validation

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guillaume Durand
Keyword(s):  
Community Sample ◽  
Questionnaire Development ◽  
Psychopathic Traits ◽  
Psychopathic Personality ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Adaptive Traits ◽  
Preliminary Validation ◽  
Convergent And Divergent Validity ◽  
High Internal Consistency ◽  
As Stress

While the term ‘psychopathy’ is embedded with negativity, evidences point to the existence of another form of psychopathy, which involves adaptive traits such as stress and anxiety immunity, remarkable social skills, noteworthy leadership ability, and an absence of fear. The newly developed Durand Adaptive Psychopathic Traits Questionnaire (DAPTQ) aims to assess adaptive traits known to correlate with the psychopathic personality. Validation of the questionnaire among 765 individuals from the community gave support for a 4-factor solution within the DAPTQ: Extroverted Leading, Rational Thinking, Risk Taking, and Composure. The DAPTQ and its four subscales demonstrated high internal consistency in a community sample (0.78 - 0.88). Good convergent and divergent validity was established by administering the DAPTQ alongside established measures of psychopathic personality. Subscales validation against well-established personality assessments further confirm the DAPTQ’s strength. These findings indicate that the DAPTQ is a reliable and valid tool for measuring psychopathy-associated adaptive traits. Limitations of the present study and potential directives for future research are also discussed. Further studies are needed to validate the DAPTQ and its subscales against a wider range of personality traits and behaviors.

scholarly journals Psychopathic personality in children: genetic and environmental contributions

2010 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 589-600 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Bezdjian ◽  
A. Raine ◽  
L. A. Baker ◽  
D. R. Lynam
Keyword(s):  
Personality Traits ◽  
Community Sample ◽  
Environmental Influences ◽  
Psychopathic Personality ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analyses ◽  
Genetic Modeling ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Child Psychopathy ◽  
The Relationship

BackgroundThe current study investigates whether the underlying factor structure of psychopathic personality traits found in adults is similar to that in children and what the extent of the genetic and environmental influences are on these psychopathic traits.MethodPsychopathic personality traits were assessed in a community sample of 1219 twins and triplets (age 9–10 years) through caregiver reports of each child's behavior using the Child Psychopathy Scale (CPS).ResultsConfirmatory factor analyses revealed an optimal two-factor solution (callous/disinhibited and manipulative/deceitful) to the CPS subscales. Bivariate genetic modeling of the two computed factor scores revealed significant genetic as well as unique environmental influences on psychopathic personality traits in both boys and girls, with heritability estimates of 0.64 and 0.46, respectively, in boys and 0.49 and 0.58, respectively, in girls. No shared environmental influences on psychopathic personality traits were found.ConclusionsThe relationship between the two factors was mediated by both genetic and unique environmental factors common to both traits.

scholarly journals Dimensions of Psychopathic Traits in a Community Sample

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Hedwig Eisenbarth ◽  
Luna C. M. Centifanti
Keyword(s):  
Construct Validity ◽  
Antisocial Behavior ◽  
Community Sample ◽  
Psychopathic Traits ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Psychopathic Personality ◽  
Callous Unemotional ◽  
Psychopathic Personality Inventory ◽  
Two Measures ◽  
Antisocial Personality Traits

Abstract. There are valid measures of psychopathic traits in youth, such as the Youth Psychopathic Traits Inventory (YPI). However, it is unclear how another self-report measure, which is based on a different conceptualization of psychopathy relates to the YPI in youth and to antisocial behavior. We therefore, compared the construct validity of two measures: the personality-based Psychopathic Personality Inventory-Revised (PPI-R) and the YPI – based on adult antisocial personality traits. First, both measures showed sufficient model fit and some overlap in their variance, particularly YPI impulsive-irresponsible and grandiose-manipulative factors with PPI-R self-centered impulsivity, as well as YPI callous-unemotional with PPI-R coldheartedness. We found that although overall delinquency was correlated with PPI-R and YPI subscales, only the self-centered impulsivity factor of the PPI-R and only the Impulsive-Irresponsibility domain of the YPI were statistically predictive of self-reported antisocial behavior. Thus, the PPI-R and the YPI both show moderate construct validity and criterion validity for use among young community adults.

scholarly journals Detection of Psychopathic Traits in Emotional Faces

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 29
Author(s):  
Sally Olderbak ◽  
Christina Bader ◽  
Nicole Hauser ◽  
Sabina Kleitman
Keyword(s):  
Personality Traits ◽  
Cognitive Abilities ◽  
Fluid Intelligence ◽  
Psychopathic Traits ◽  
Psychopathic Personality ◽  
Short Version ◽  
Emotional States ◽  
Psychopathy Checklist ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Short Video

When meeting someone at zero acquaintance, we make assumptions about each other that encompass emotional states, personality traits, and even cognitive abilities. Evidence suggests individuals can accurately detect psychopathic personality traits in strangers based on short video clips or photographs of faces. We present an in-depth examination of this ability. In two studies, we investigated whether high psychopathy traits are perceivable and whether other traits affect ratings of psychopathic traits in the sense of a halo effect. On the perceiver’s end, we additionally examined how cognitive abilities and personality traits of the responders affect these ratings. In two studies (n1 = 170 community adults from the USA, n2 = 126 students from Australia), participants rated several targets on several characteristics of psychopathy, as well as on attractiveness, masculinity, sympathy, trustworthiness, neuroticism, intelligence, and extraversion. Results show that responders were generally able to detect psychopathy. Responders generally came to a consensus in their ratings, and using profile similarity metrics, we found a weak relation between ratings of psychopathy and the targets’ psychopathy level as determined by the Psychopathy Checklist: Short Version. Trait ratings, though, were influenced by the ratings of other traits like attractiveness. Finally, we found accuracy in the perception of psychopathy was positively related to fluid intelligence but unrelated to emotion perception ability.

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