Students’ engagement profiles in mathematics according to learning environment dimensions: Developing an evidence base for best practice in mathematics education

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 166-183 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helen M. G. Watt ◽  
Colin Carmichael ◽  
Rosemary Callingham
Keyword(s):  
Mathematics Education ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
School Environment ◽  
Best Practice ◽  
Latent Class ◽  
Evidence Base ◽  
Learning Climate ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Key Dimensions

The Best Practice in Mathematics Education project was funded by the Australian Office of the Chief Scientist, to examine promotion of students’ learning, engagement and aspirations in this core learning domain. We draw upon cross-sectional survey data from 551 students in grades three to nine to examine how students’ mathematics engagement relates to key dimensions of their learning climate (mastery or performance focused classrooms), teacher enthusiasm, and school caring. Engagement is known to be associated with positive school outcomes and influenced by environmental factors. Less known is whether, and the extent to which, students have different profiles of engagement across component dimensions (Fredricks, Blumenfeld, & Paris, 2004); and, how profiles may differ according to experienced environment dimensions. We first develop profiles of adolescents’ behavioral, emotional, and cognitive engagement using multilevel latent class analysis, educing three profiles of ‘engaged’, ‘compliant’, and ‘disengaged’ students, who systematically differed on experienced environmental factors. Mastery focused classrooms, enthusiastic teachers and caring school environment were experienced most by engaged, and least by disengaged students; performance focused classrooms were unrelated to engagement profiles. Identified patterns will be of particular use to teachers in understanding how class, teacher, and school influences together shape students’ own engagement in mathematics.

Preferences Toward COVID-19 Diagnostic Testing Features: Results From a National Cross-Sectional Survey

2021 ◽  
pp. 089011712110340
Author(s):  
Bhagyashree Katare ◽  
Shuoli Zhao ◽  
Joel Cuffey ◽  
Maria I. Marshall ◽  
Corinne Valdivia
Keyword(s):  
Logit Model ◽  
Nasal Swab ◽  
Latent Class ◽  
Diagnostic Testing ◽  
Mixed Logit ◽  
Monetary Incentive ◽  
Monetary Incentives ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Nationally Representative

Purpose: Describe preferences toward COVID-19 testing features (method, location, hypothetical monetary incentive) and simulate the effect of monetary incentives on willingness to test. Design: Online cross-sectional survey administered in July 2020. Subjects: 1,505 nationally representative U.S. respondents. Measures: Choice of preferred COVID-19 testing options in discrete choice experiment. Options differed by method (nasal-swab, saliva), location (hospital/clinic, drive-through, at-home), and monetary incentive ($0, $10, $20). Analysis: Latent class conditional logit model to classify preferences, mixed logit model to simulate incentive effectiveness. Results: Preferences were categorized into 4 groups: 34% (n = 517) considered testing comfort (saliva versus nasal swab) most important, 27% (n = 408) were willing to trade comfort for monetary incentives, 19% (n = 287) would only test at convenient locations, 20% (n = 293) avoided testing altogether. Relative to no monetary incentives, incentives of $100 increased the percent of testing avoiders (16%) and convenience seekers (70%) that were willing to test. Conclusion: Preferences toward different COVID-19 testing features vary, highlighting the need to match testing features with individuals to monitor the spread of COVID-19.

scholarly journals Physicians Report Barriers to Deliver Best Practice Care for Asplenic Patients: A Cross-Sectional Survey

PLoS ONE ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. e17302 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. J. Jolanda Lammers ◽  
Joost B. L. Hoekstra ◽  
Peter Speelman ◽  
Kiki M. J. M. H. Lombarts
Keyword(s):  
Best Practice ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Practice Care

scholarly journals Impact of a Smoking Cessation Quitline in Vietnam: Evidence Base and Future Directions

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (14) ◽  
pp. 2538
Author(s):  
Chau Quy Ngo ◽  
Phuong Thu Phan ◽  
Giap Van Vu ◽  
Quyen Thi Le Pham ◽  
Hanh Thi Chu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Smoking Cessation ◽  
Tobacco Consumption ◽  
Evidence Base ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Quit Attempt ◽  
Early Action ◽  
The Impact

Smoking is considered the most critical modifiable factor with regard to lung cancer and remains a public health concern in many countries, including Vietnam, which is among those countries with the highest tobacco consumption rates in the world. This study has examined the impact of national telephone counselling for smoking cessation and has identified the factors associated with the impact of the quitline among male callers in Vietnam. A randomized cross-sectional survey of 469 smokers who sought smoking cessation services via the national quitline was performed from September 2015 to May 2016. The primary outcomes were measured by a self-reported quit rate at the time of assessment, 7 day point prevalence abstinence (PA), 6 month prolonged PA, service satisfaction, and level of motivation. Among the participants, 31.6% were abstinent, and 5.1% of participants successfully stopped smoking and did not need to seek quitline support. Most of the clients were satisfied with the quality of service (88.5%), felt more confident about quitting (74.3%), and took early action via their first quit attempt (81.7%); 18.3% reported a more than 7 day abstinence period at the time of survey. The primary reasons for smoking relapse were surrounding smoking environments (51.6%) and craving symptoms (44.1%). Future smoking cessation efforts should focus on improving the quality of quitline services, client satisfaction, and developing a tailored program and counseling targeting smokers with specific characteristics, especially ones experiencing chronic diseases.

Degree of consistency of parental dietary and sedentary behavior rules as indicators for overweight

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (Supplement_4) ◽  
Author(s):  
E L M Ruiter ◽  
G A J Fransen ◽  
M Kleinjan ◽  
G R M Molleman ◽  
K van der Velden ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sedentary Behavior ◽  
Sedentary Behaviour ◽  
Latent Class ◽  
Dietary Behavior ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Overweight Children ◽  
Sedentary Behaviors ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Latent Class Analyses

Abstract Background To increase our understanding of the effect of parenting on the child’s likelihood of becoming overweight, we attempted to identify typologies based on how consistently parents apply dietary and sedentary behavior rules, and we examined whether these typologies are associated with energy balance-related behaviors in children and/or with the prevalence of overweight children. Methods Data were obtained from a cross-sectional survey of the Community Health Service in Nijmegen, the Netherlands in which a total of 4,865 parents of children aged 4-12 years participated. Data were collected using validated self-report questionnaires. To identify typologies based on how consistently parents apply dietary and sedentary behavior rules, we performed latent class analyses. We then performed regression analyses to examine the correlation between these typologies and socio-demographic characteristics, dietary and sedentary behaviors, and overweight. Results Latent class analyses revealed the existence of the following four distinct, stable classes/typologies; parents who have: (1) no dietary behavior rules, plus indulgent sedentary behavior rules; (2) indulgent dietary behavior rules, plus no sedentary behavior rules; (3) overall indulgent rules; (4) overall strict rules. Children of parents with overall strict rules (class 4) had significantly healthier dietary and sedentary behaviors compared to the children of parents in the other three classes. Children 8-12 years of age with parents in class 2 were the most likely to be overweight; compared to the children of parents in classes 1, 3, and 4, the parents in class 2 had the lowest level of education and the higher number of Turkish and Moroccan immigrants. Conclusions These results underscore the need for parents to establish strict rules for their children, particularly regarding sedentary behaviour in order to minimize the child’s likelihood of becoming overweight. Key messages The results underscore the need for parents to establish strict rules for their children, particularly regarding sedentary behaviour in order to minimize the child’s likelihood of becoming overweight. These results may contribute to making healthcare professionals aware that children of parents who do not apply sedentary behavior rules are more likely to become overweight.

Community stroke education practices in New York State designated stroke centres

2019 ◽  
Vol 78 (8) ◽  
pp. 1012-1019
Author(s):  
Olajide Williams ◽  
Ellyn Leighton-Herrmann Quinn ◽  
Anna Colello ◽  
Crismely Perdomo ◽  
Ji Chong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Best Practice ◽  
Systems Of Care ◽  
New York State ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
York State ◽  
Stroke Education ◽  
Stroke Systems Of Care

Objective: Community stroke education is a regulated, integral component of stroke systems of care. However, little is known about the types of activities conducted by hospitals. This study was designed to examine the annual requirement for community stroke education among New York State’s 119 designated Primary Stroke Centres and identify areas for improvement that may have an implication on stroke outcomes. Design: Cross-sectional survey design Setting: All 119 New York State designated Primary Stroke Centres were invited to participate. Methods: Participating hospitals completed a 29-item online questionnaire assessing multiple domains related to community stroke education including hospital characteristics, allocated resources, implementation barriers, current community stroke education practices and willingness to adopt best practice guidelines. Data were analysed using univariate descriptive and chi-square statistics. Results: Eighty-eight percent of hospitals completed the survey (105/119). Respondents were mostly stroke coordinators and stroke directors. Stroke outreach education was conducted two to four times per year in 58% of the hospitals ( n = 69). Community stroke education included behavioural risk factor modification, the detection of stroke risk through screening and stroke preparedness education at health fairs. Although 95% of hospitals ( n = 98) reported using at least one best practice approach for these activities, evaluation was generally poor, with only about 23% ( n = 24) implementing outcome-specific assessments. Major barriers to stroke outreach were inadequate staffing, time constraints and lack of funding. Conclusion: Hospital-driven community stroke education efforts occur infrequently and are poorly evaluated. This component of stroke systems of care would benefit from guidelines from regulatory agencies, which currently do not exist.

scholarly journals Evolution of the Output–Workforce Relationship in Primary Care Facilities in China from 2009 to 2017

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (9) ◽  
pp. 3043 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shan Lu ◽  
Liang Zhang ◽  
Niek Klazinga ◽  
Dionne Kringos
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Primary Care ◽  
Latent Class ◽  
Clinical Care ◽  
Public Health Services ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Care Facilities ◽  
Facility Level ◽  
Latent Class Growth

This study evaluates trends in workforce supply compared with those in the volume of service delivery (output) for basic clinical care (CC) and public health (PH) services from 2009 to 2017 in China. A cross-sectional survey (2018) was combined with retrospective data (2009–2017) from 785 primary care (PC) facilities in six provinces. Measures for the output of clinical care and of public health services were aggregated into a single (weighted) index for both service profiles. The output–workforce relationship was measured by its ratio. Latent class growth analysis and logistic regression analysis were applied to classify trajectories and determine associations with facility-level, geographic, and economic characteristics. From 2009 to 2017, the proportion of PC to overall healthcare workforce decreased from 24.25% to 18.57%; the proportion of PH to PC providers at PC facilities increased from 23.6% to 29.5%, while the proportion of PH output increased from 44.3% to 65.9%. Four trajectories of the output–workforce relationship were identified for CC, and five trajectories for PH services of which 85.3% of the facilities showed initially increasing and then slightly decreasing trends. Geographic characteristics impacted different trajectories. The PC workforce falls behind hospital workforce. The expansion in workload of PH services is unbalanced with that of workforce.

Multi-sector framework for benchmarking in facilities management

2017 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 826-856 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yewande Adetoro Adewunmi ◽  
Reuben Iyagba ◽  
Modupe Omirin
Keyword(s):  
Best Practice ◽  
Survey Design ◽  
Group Discussion ◽  
Facilities Management ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Design Data ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Port Harcourt ◽  
The Relationship

Purpose Benchmarking in FM practice although understood and applied globally, little is known about the practice in Nigeria. The purpose of this paper is to develop a framework to guide the use of benchmarking. Design/methodology/approach The research adopts a cross-sectional survey design. Data were collected using self-administered questionnaires on FM organizations in Lagos metropolis, Abuja and Port Harcourt. The results of the survey were supplemented with interviews with FM unit heads in the study areas. The framework was validated using a focus group discussion with ten FM industry experts. Findings A framework which serves as a guide for the use of best practice benchmarking was developed. It showed that there is a relationship between best practice benchmarking and location. Research limitations/implications The evaluation of the framework was limited by the number of participants involved and being that it has not been put to use. Originality/value This study develops a multi-sector framework to guide the use of best practice benchmarking in facilities management (FM). The framework explains the relationship between organizational characteristics and best practice benchmarking. In addition, there are limited empirical benchmarking frameworks in FM literature.

scholarly journals Hearing and vision care provided to older people residing in care homes: a cross-sectional survey of care home staff

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wendy Andrusjak ◽  
Ana Barbosa ◽  
Gail Mountain
Keyword(s):  
Older People ◽  
Best Practice ◽  
Vision Loss ◽  
Care Home ◽  
Care Homes ◽  
Eye Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Care Home Staff ◽  
Vision Care

Abstract Background: Hearing and vision loss in older people has been proven to affect physical and mental health and increase the speed of cognitive decline. Studies have demonstrated that certain practices and improved staff knowledge increase the effective care of residents’ ears and eyes, yet it is not known which practices are being implemented in care homes. This study aimed to identify the gaps in staff knowledge regarding hearing and vision difficulties in older residents, and which practices known to improve ear and eye care in older care home residents are not commonly implemented in care homes in England.Methods: This study used a cross-sectional survey design. Survey questions were informed by the existing literature and were focused on practices, staff knowledge, and other aspects that have shown to affect residents’ hearing and vision care. A convenience sample of care home staff were recruited from care homes across England between November 2018 and February 2019 via email and in paper format. Descriptive statistics and Chi-Square analysis were applied to identify the factors influencing the care being provided to care home residents. Results: A total of 400 care home staff responded from 74 care homes. The results revealed that less than half of staff respondents reported to use screening tools to identify hearing (46%) and vision impairments (43.8%); that care homes rarely have limited access to other assistive devices for hearing (16%) and vision loss (23.8%), and that audiology services do not regularly assess care home residents (46.8%). A majority of staff who responded were not confident in ear and eye care. Responses were found to be influenced by the respondents’ job role, length of time working in care homes and also the care home type and care home size. Findings confirmed a lack of standardised practice and the importance of shared communication for promulgation of best practice.Conclusion: This study has identified that some practices known to facilitate ear and eye care are not commonly applied in a sample of English care homes. It has also shown that care home staff knowledge of ear and eye care is inconsistent. The information derived from this survey can be used to inform guidelines for best practice and inform needs for future research.

scholarly journals Knowledge and Expectations of Perinatal Care Among Pregnant Women During the COVID-19 Pandemic

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caleb Chun Wei Lim ◽  
Marlene Samantha Sze Minn Goh ◽  
Ka-Hee Chua ◽  
Meei Jiun Seet ◽  
Siew Guek Tay ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Best Practice ◽  
Perinatal Care ◽  
Mode Of Delivery ◽  
In Utero ◽  
Neonatal Care ◽  
Prevention Strategies ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Increased Risk

Abstract Background: This study aimed to investigate the knowledge and expectations of pregnant women on perinatal and neonatal care during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic in Singapore. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was administered to pregnant women attending antenatal clinics between August and September 2020 via a secure online platform. Participants aged ≥21 years without a history of confirmed COVID-19 were included. The survey consisted of 10 questions which evaluated the knowledge and expectations on perinatal and neonatal care during the current pandemic. Results: A total of 313 pregnant women completed the survey. The mean age of the participants was 30 years (SD 4; range 22-43 years). The median gestational age was 25 weeks (range 4-40 weeks). The participants were predominantly multiparous (54%) and almost all (98%) had completed secondary level education. Majority of participants were aware of the spread of COVID-19 by respiratory secretions and contact (90%), and the importance of prevention strategies (94%). Up to 72% agreed or strongly agreed that in-utero transmission of SARS-CoV-2 was possible. Most were unsure of the optimal mode of delivery (77%) and only 22% believed that breastfeeding was safe in a pregnant woman with active COVID-19. There was no significant association between the sociodemographic factors evaluated and maternal agreement with the possibility of in-utero SARS-CoV-2 transmission and the risk associated with vaginal delivery in women with COVID-19. Although 46% of participants were concerned about the increased risk of contracting COVID-19 during routine clinic appointments, only 37% of the cohort were agreeable with teleconferencing of clinic appointments. More than half (56%) of the participants reported that their postnatal confinement plans were affected by the current pandemic. Conclusions: Our survey revealed that majority of participants were aware of modes of transmission, prevention strategies and in utero transmission of SARS-CoV-2. Significant gaps were identified in their knowledge related to method of delivery and safety of breastfeeding, along with significant variability to the agreement with alterations to the perinatal care. For best practice we recommend provision of evidence-based information early to expectant mothers by the healthcare professionals to reduce misinformation and anxiety amongst pregnant women.

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