scholarly journals Predictions of summertime overheating: Comparison of dynamic thermal models and measurements in synthetically occupied test houses

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 512-552 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ben M Roberts ◽  
David Allinson ◽  
Susie Diamond ◽  
Ben Abel ◽  
Claire Das Bhaumik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Internal Heat ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Thermal Simulation ◽  
The Other ◽  
Supplementary Information ◽  
Thermal Models ◽  
Door Opening ◽  
Test House ◽  
Health And Well Being

Summertime overheating in UK dwellings is seen as a risk to occupants' health and well-being. Dynamic thermal simulation programs are widely used to assess the overheating risk in new homes, but how accurate are the predictions? Results from two different dynamic thermal simulation programs used by four different experienced modellers are compared with measurements from a pair of traditional, semi-detached test houses. The synthetic occupancy in the test houses replicated curtain operation and the CIBSE TM59 internal heat gain profiles and internal door opening profiles. In one house, the windows were always closed and in the other they operated following the TM59 protocol. Sensors monitored the internal temperatures in five rooms and the local weather during a 21-day period in the summer of 2017. Model evaluation took place in two phases: blind and open. In the blind phase, modellers received information about the houses, the occupancy profiles and the weather conditions. In the open phase, modellers received the test house temperature measurements and, with the other modellers, adjusted their models to try and improve predictions. The data provided to modellers is openly available as supplementary information to this paper. In both phases, during warm weather, the models consistently predicted higher peak temperatures and larger diurnal swings than were measured. The models' predicted hours of overheating were compared with the measured hours using the CIBSE static threshold of 26℃ for bedrooms and the BSEN15251 Category II threshold for living rooms. The models developed in each phase were also used to predict the annual hours of overheating using the CIBSE TM59 procedure. The inter-model variation was quantified as the Simulation Resolution. For these houses, the blind phase models produced Simulation Resolution values of approximately 3% ± 3 percentage points for TM59 Criterion A and 1% ± 1 percentage point for TM59 Criterion B. The Simulation Resolution concept offers a valuable aid to modellers when assessing the compliance of dwellings with the TM59 overheating criteria. Further work to produce Simulation Resolution values for different dwelling archetypes and weather conditions is recommended. Practical application: Overheating in UK homes is a serious and growing risk to health and well-being. Dynamic thermal models are used to predict overheating risk in existing and proposed dwellings. Comparisons between predicted temperatures and temperatures measured in two test houses shed light on the accuracy of predictions for existing homes. CIBSE Technical Memorandum TM59 provides a strategy for predicting overheating risk in proposed dwellings. There are, however, differences between models' predictions. The concept of Simulation Resolution is introduced to quantify this inter-model variability. It provides modellers with a firm basis on which to determine whether TM59 overheating predictions are robust.

6. The why of creativity

2021 ◽  
pp. 82-96
Author(s):  
Vlad Glăveanu
Keyword(s):  
Meaning In Life ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Creative Expression ◽  
The Other ◽  
Creative People ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The One ◽  
Health And Well Being ◽  
Different Levels

This chapter addresses why people engage in creativity. This question can be answered at different levels. On the one hand, one can refer to what motivates creative people to do what they do. On the other hand, the question addresses a deeper level, that of how societies today are built and how they, in turn, construct the meaning and value of creativity. Nowadays, people consider creativity intrinsically valuable largely because of its direct and indirect economic benefits. However, creative expression also has a role for health and well-being. Creativity also relates to meaning in life. The chapter then considers how creativity can be used for good or for evil.

Climate and Culture in Enlightenment Thought

1998 ◽  
Author(s):  
James R. Fleming
Keyword(s):  
David Hume ◽  
Geographic Location ◽  
Denis Diderot ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Jean Bodin ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Jean Le Rond D'alembert ◽  
Health And Well Being

The debate over climate change, both from natural causes and human activity, is not new. Although the Baron C.-L. de Montesquieu is undoubtedly the best known Enlightenment thinker on the topic of climatic determinism, others, notably the Abbé Du Bos, David Hume, and Thomas Jefferson, observed that climatic changes exerted a direct influence on individuals and society and that human agency was directly involved in changing the climate. Climate—from the Greek term klima, meaning slope or inclination—was originally thought to depend only on the height of the Sun above the horizon, a function of the latitude. A second tradition, traceable to Aristotle, linked the quality of the air (and thus the climate) to the vapors and exhalations of a country. The Hippocratic tradition further linked climate to health and national character. As late as 1779, the Encyclopdédie of Denis Diderot and Jean le Rond D’Alembert defined “climat” geographically, as a “portion or zone of the surface of the Earth, enclosed within two circles parallel to the equator,” in which the longest day of the year differs in length on its northern and southern boundaries by some quantity of time, for example one-half hour. The article goes on to mention Montesquieu’s position on “l’influence du climat sur les mœurs, le charactère, et les loix des peuples.” The second definition of climate provided by the Encyclopdédie was medical, identified primarily as the temperature of a region and explicated through its effects on the health and well-being of the inhabitants. The idea that climate influenced culture was derived in part from the writings of ancient and medieval philosophers, geographers, and historians, including the works of Hippocrates, Albertus Magnus, and Jean Bodin. With no established science of climatology, Enlightenment thinkers apprehended climate and its changes primarily in a literary way. They compared the ancient writings to recent weather conditions, linked the rise and fall of creative historical eras to changes in climate, and promoted a brand of climatic determinism based on geographic location and the quality of the air.

scholarly journals Does Sport Affect Health and Well-Being or Is It the Other Way Around? A Note on Reverse-Causality in Empirical Applications

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 218-226
Author(s):  
Jing Guan ◽  
J. D. Tena
Keyword(s):  
Well Being ◽  
The Other ◽  
Reverse Causality ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Level Data ◽  
Great Relevance ◽  
Causal Impact ◽  
Different Response ◽  
Health And Well Being ◽  
Response Variables

Estimating the causal impact of sport or physical activity on health and well-being is an issue of great relevance in the sport and health literature. The increasing availability of individual level data has encouraged this interest. However, this analysis requires dealing with two types of simultaneity problem: (1) between exercise and response variables; and (2) across the different response variables. This note discusses how the previous literature has dealt with these two questions with particular attention paid to the use of seemingly aseptic econometric models proposed by some recent empirical papers. Regardless of the approach, identification necessarily requires the use of untestable hypotheses. We provide some recommendations based on analyzing the robustness of the estimation results to changes in the adopted identification assumptions.

scholarly journals Health and Well-Being Consequences for Gender Violence Survivors from Isolating Gender Violence

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (16) ◽  
pp. 8626
Author(s):  
Adriana Aubert ◽  
Ramon Flecha
Keyword(s):  
Global Health ◽  
Health Effects ◽  
Scientific Literature ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Gender Violence ◽  
The Other ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The One ◽  
Health And Well Being

Recent scientific literature has published about the Isolating Gender Violence (IGV), the violence exerted by harassers against those who support their victims. IGV provokes suffering to advocates with health and well-being consequences that have been analyzed by more recent research; but IGV provokes also suffering on the victims of gender violence when they see the suffering of those who have supported them and also for their isolation. Thus, the aim of the present study is to explore the health and well-being consequences of IGV on gender violence survivors. The methodology includes three narratives of gender violence survivors whose advocates supporting them were victimized by IGV. The results show, on the one hand, an increase of the health and well-being effects of gender violence already analyzed by scientific literature; on the other hand, new health and well-being effects appear. All survivors interviewed say that, besides those new consequences for their health, the support of those advocates has decreased the global health effects of the total gender violence they suffered.

scholarly journals The Implication of Wearables and the Factors Affecting Their Usage among Recreationally Active People

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (22) ◽  
pp. 8532
Author(s):  
Anna Hendker ◽  
Malte Jetzke ◽  
Eric Eils ◽  
Claudia Voelcker-Rehage
Keyword(s):  
Influencing Factors ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Similar Amount ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Usage Behavior ◽  
Day Of The Week ◽  
Fitness Tracker ◽  
Consumer Devices ◽  
Health And Well Being

Regular physical activity (PA) is associated with health and well-being. Recent findings show that PA tracking using technological devices can enhance PA behavior. Consumer devices can track many different parameters affecting PA (e.g., number of steps, distance, and heart rate). However, it remains unclear what factors affect the usage of such devices. In this study, we evaluated whether there was a change in usage behavior across the first weeks of usage. Further we investigated whether external factors such as weather and day of the week influence usage behavior. Thirty nine participants received a Fitbit Charge 2 fitness tracker for a nine-week period. All participants were asked to wear the device according to their wishes. The usage time and amount of PA were assessed, and the influencing factors, such as weather conditions and day of the week, were analyzed. The results showed that usage behavior differed largely between individuals and decreased after five weeks of usage. Moreover, the steps per worn hour did not change significantly, indicating a similar amount of activity across the nine-week period when wearing the device. Further influencing factors were the day of the week (the tracker was used less on Sundays) and the temperature (usage time was lower with temperatures >25°). Tracking peoples’ activity might have the potential to evaluate different interventions to increase PA.

Comparison of Energy Consumption for Residential Thermal Models With Actual Measurements

2018 ◽  
Vol 141 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Waleed M. A. Hamanah ◽  
Mahmoud Kassas ◽  
Esmail M. A. Mokheimer ◽  
Chokri Belhaj Ahmed ◽  
Syed Ahmed M. Said
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Thermal Model ◽  
Internal Heat ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Dust Storms ◽  
Coefficient Of Performance ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
Total Energy Consumption ◽  
Thermal Models ◽  
Gulf States

High temperature that reaches to 50 °C in summer, high humidity, and dust storms are considered as the main characteristics of the climate of many countries around the world such as those in the Gulf States, Asia, and Africa. According to the latest studies, air conditioning (A/C) systems in the residential areas used around 65% of the generated energy. This paper is aimed at presenting a new residential thermal model that can be used to estimate the energy consumption of A/C units used to achieve comfort in houses. The results of the newly developed residential thermal model will be compared with exiting residential thermal models using simscape in matlab program and data measurements. Different physical properties of the house that affect the heat gains through the house envelop at different weather conditions, and the internal heat gains are taken into account in this study. Hourly, daily, monthly, and annually energy consumption and coefficient of performance (COP) are calculated, based on actual hourly outdoor temperature measurements and indoor generation heat for the year 2017, using the three thermal models and compared with the pertinent actual measurements. The total measured energy consumption for nine months' work in 2017 was 14488.09 kWh, and the total energy consumption predicted by the simulation for the simple model, intermediate model, and comprehensive model were 8438.40 kWh, 12656.10 kWh, and 13900.61 kWh, respectively, with deviations of 41.75%, 12.65%, and 4.05%, respectively, from the actual measurements.

Collaborative activities and library indoor environmental quality affecting performance, health, and well-being of different library user groups in higher education

Facilities ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 32 (3/4) ◽  
pp. 88-103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Young S. Lee
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Environmental Quality ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The Other ◽  
Indoor Environmental Quality ◽  
Content Type ◽  
User Groups ◽  
Collaborative Activities ◽  
Library User ◽  
Health And Well Being

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to identify different indoor environmental quality (IEQ) criteria affecting performance, health, and well-being of library user groups in higher education. The study investigated the differences in significant IEQ criteria affecting the performance, health, and well-being among the library user groups conducting certain types of collaborative activities. The aim was to was to find the significant IEQ criteria particular to each group conducting certain types of collaborative activities. Design/methodology/approach – Four types of collaborative activities were categorized based on the organizational knowledge creation theory in the knowledge management field. A total of ten IEQ criteria affecting performance, health, and well-being were identified based on a literature review of other studies and existing instruments. A survey was conducted via online with library users in a higher education library on the east coast of the USA. Responses from a total of 421 students were analyzed by descriptive statistics and analysis of variance statistics. Findings – The results indicated that the group conducting only individual focused work and socializing in a group showed statistically lower significance in acoustics, privacy, and ergonomics furniture than one or more of the other groups. The group conducting all four collaborative activities exhibited statistically higher significance in ergonomic furniture and aesthetics than one or more of the other groups. Originality/value – The study provides a comprehensive framework to be used in occupant survey to measure occupant performance, health, and well-being. It also offers practical implications for enhancing particular IEQ criteria for each library user group conducting certain types of collaborative activities in the academic library of higher education.

scholarly journals The forward edge transference within self-psychology and the activation of inborn capacity through interpretation and internalization

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zelda G. Knight
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Health ◽  
Self Psychology ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The Other ◽  
Childhood Experiences ◽  
Psychic Development ◽  
Potential Capacity ◽  
Forward Edge ◽  
Health And Well Being

This paper builds on the ideas of self-psychologists Marian Tolpin and Richard Geist in two ways. Firstly, the idea of using forward edge transference as fostering the promotion of psychological health and well-being. I present two verbatim clinical examples showing the use of forward edge transference, and thus the intersubjective engagement between therapist and patient. I suggest that forward edge transference, rooted in healthy and self-affirming childhood experiences, can lie buried and forgotten. Secondly, using the same two examples, this paper adopts the notion of interpretation as a carrier of selfobject functions and shows how the interpretation of forward edge transferences has the potential to catalyse (forgotten) inborn capacity. Internalization, a part of selfobject function and psychic development, is re-thought of as a process in which an interaction between patient and therapist appears to (re)activate inborn potential/capacity for the patient rather than as something the patient ‘takes in’ from the other/selfobject.

scholarly journals The phantom chorus: birdsong boosts human well-being in protected areas

2020 ◽  
Vol 287 (1941) ◽  
pp. 20201811 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danielle M. Ferraro ◽  
Zachary D. Miller ◽  
Lauren A. Ferguson ◽  
B. Derrick Taff ◽  
Jesse R. Barber ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protected Areas ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The Other ◽  
Natural Environments ◽  
Ambient Conditions ◽  
Sensory Modalities ◽  
Growing Body ◽  
Avian Biodiversity ◽  
Health And Well Being

Spending time in nature is known to benefit human health and well-being, but evidence is mixed as to whether biodiversity or perceptions of biodiversity contribute to these benefits. Perhaps more importantly, little is known about the sensory modalities by which humans perceive biodiversity and obtain benefits from their interactions with nature. Here, we used a ‘phantom birdsong chorus' consisting of hidden speakers to experimentally increase audible birdsong biodiversity during ‘on' and ‘off' (i.e. ambient conditions) blocks on two trails to study the role of audition in biodiversity perception and self-reported well-being among hikers. Hikers exposed to the phantom chorus reported higher levels of restorative effects compared to those that experienced ambient conditions on both trails; however, increased restorative effects were directly linked to the phantom chorus on one trail and indirectly linked to the phantom chorus on the other trail through perceptions of avian biodiversity. Our findings add to a growing body of evidence linking mental health to nature experiences and suggest that audition is an important modality by which natural environments confer restorative effects. Finally, our results suggest that maintaining or improving natural soundscapes within protected areas may be an important component to maximizing human experiences.

Employment, poverty and social exclusion

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nick Bailey
Keyword(s):  
Social Relations ◽  
Daily Activity ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
The Other ◽  
Neighbourhood Environment ◽  
Lone Parents ◽  
The People ◽  
Part Time ◽  
Health And Well Being

One in three people in employment is not enjoying the inclusionary benefits usually associated with paid work: they are in poverty, in poor quality jobs or in insecure employment. People in this group can be described as being in ‘exclusionary employment’. The people most at risk of exclusionary employment are those who are younger, are lone parents, have a health problem or disability which limits daily activity, have few qualifications, are in semi-routine or routine occupations or are working part-time. Some industries have much higher concentrations of exclusionary employment than others, notably the Wholesale & Retail and Accommodation & Food sectors where more than half of all workers are in exclusionary employment. For those in semi-routine or routine occupations, the risks of exclusionary employment are high in all industries. People in exclusionary employment are much more likely to be excluded in relation to the other domains examined here: health and well-being, social relations and participation, and housing and neighbourhood environment.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document