Socialism, Unification Policy and the Rise of Racism in Eastern Germany

1997 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 541-568 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick R. Ireland
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Conflict ◽  
Group Identity ◽  
Total Population ◽  
East Germany ◽  
Public Policies ◽  
Ethnic Relations ◽  
Eastern Germany ◽  
Policy Choices

Ethnic conflict has become a major challenge facing unified Germany. While anti-immigrant violence has been virulent across the country, it has been especially conspicuous and upsetting in former East Germany, where foreigners had barely exceeded one percent of the total population before unification. Arguments emphasizing economic, socioeconomic and group-identity factors have appeared to explain the rise in intolerance. Here, however, I argue for consideration of the largely ignored effects of public policies. Examining how policy choices and implementation in eastern Germany before, during, and since unification have affected ethnic relations provides lessons about the origins of racism and ways to combat it.

scholarly journals Gerakan Agama dan Budaya Komunitas Sekelik Sedulur dalam Mencegah Konflik Etnis di Lampung Tengah

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (01) ◽  
pp. 64
Author(s):  
M. Ali Syufa'at ◽  
Heri Cahyono ◽  
Ahmad Madkur
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Identity ◽  
Ethnic Conflict ◽  
Research Utilization ◽  
Ethnic Relations ◽  
Community Groups ◽  
Cultural Approach ◽  
The Core ◽  
Ethnographic Approach ◽  
Foreign Culture ◽  
Acculturation Theory

This current paper discusses the movement Sekelik Sedulur community in building a culture of inter-ethnic harmony Lampung and Java as an attempt to Prevent ethnic conflict in Central Lampung. The core foundation of this community used a part of a cultural approach Harmony Among maintain ethnic, religious and community groups in Central Lampung. 'Sekelik' in Lampung means 'brother' and 'sedulur' in Javanese language means 'brother'. Community Sekelik Sedulur actively makes the discussion, friendship, and cultural acculturation activities in maintaining inter-ethnic relations. As Lampungnese were famous with the ethnic conflict, economic and social dialogue, it is Necessary to conduct forum as a form of concern for inter-ethnic harmony. Actually, the problems is there is no action blended multicultural entities. This study uses ethnographic approach. To answer the questions of this research, Utilization thinking of Koentjaraningrat Cultural is used as  acculturation theory. Acculturation is a cultural fusion that occurs when a group of people with a certain culture are confronted with elements of a foreign culture so that different elements of foreign culture are gradually accepted and processed into their own culture without losing their own cultural identity

scholarly journals Positioning Muslims in Ethnic Relations, Ethnic Conflict and Peace Process in Sri Lanka

2014 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Agus Yusoff ◽  
Nordin Hussin ◽  
Athambawa Sarjoon
Keyword(s):  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Ethnic Conflict ◽  
Peace Process ◽  
Ethnic Relations

Gerät 920: Licensed Production of AK-74 Rifles in East Germany

2021 ◽  
Vol VII (1) ◽  
pp. 77-84
Author(s):  
Kristóf Nagy
Keyword(s):  
East Germany ◽  
The Political ◽  
Eastern Germany ◽  
Research Article ◽  
Significant Burden ◽  
Production Programme ◽  
Published Research

The available published research regarding the implementation of the AK-74 rifle production programme in East Germany is very limited. The majority of what is available on the topic has only been published in German. In this short research article, the author seeks to gather together the available facts to highlight the political, industrial, and technological aspects surrounding the adoption of the AK-74 by Eastern Germany. The author also aims to highlight the challenges that resulted from this massive military acquisition programme, which placed a significant burden on the already crumbling economy of East Germany during the final years of that nation’s existence.

Two Paradigmatic Views on Right-Wing Populism in East Germany

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 29-42
Author(s):  
Jonas Rädel
Keyword(s):  
East Germany ◽  
Public Perceptions ◽  
German Unification ◽  
Right Wing ◽  
Complex Phenomenon ◽  
Political Actors ◽  
Eastern Germany ◽  
Geographic Space ◽  
East German ◽  
Right Wing Populism

In German public perceptions, right-wing populism is cast as a specifically east German problem. This article critically examines how this assumption is located within the debate on German unity. In order to clarify the sometimes-confusing arguments on German unification, two paradigmatic perspectives can be identified: German unity can be approached from a perspective of modernization, or through the lens of postcolonial critique. When it comes to right-wing populism in eastern Germany, the modernization paradigm suffers from a lack of understanding. Hence, the arguments of the postcolonial perspective must be taken seriously, particularly as the postcolonial reading can grasp the complex phenomenon of right-wing populism in east Germany, and prevent the discursive and geographic space of the region from being conquered by right-wing political actors.

Policy and Organizational Termination

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Adam ◽  
Michael W. Bauer
Keyword(s):  
Public Policies ◽  
Public Institutions ◽  
Policy Cycle ◽  
Policy Choices ◽  
Government Functions

In the perspective of a rational policy cycle, termination is the logical end of unsuccessful policy choices. As the deliberate conclusion or cessation of specific government functions, programs, policies, or organizations the termination concept consists of the ending of public policies, as well as public institutions. Its potential as a tool of enlightenment as well as its pitfalls in a world dominated by politics are presented by analyzing five decades of scholarly efforts in the area of policy and organizational termination.

Bringing People Together: Improving Intergroup Relations via Group Identity Cues

2019 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
pp. 104-127
Author(s):  
Valerie Martinez-Ebers ◽  
Brian Robert Calfano ◽  
Regina Branton
Keyword(s):  
Intergroup Relations ◽  
Group Identity ◽  
Intergroup Contact ◽  
Ethnic Relations ◽  
Relative Effect ◽  
Community Identity ◽  
Intergroup Attitudes ◽  
Human Relations ◽  
Group Identities ◽  
Common Ingroup Identity

Many U.S. cities pursue a “human relations” strategy in response to racial and ethnic group conflict. Reflective of Common Ingroup Identity theory, human relations practitioners emphasize a superordinate community identity among residents from different groups for the purpose of “bringing people together” in an effort to improve intergroup relations. Practitioners also encourage intergroup contact to promote positive change in attitudes. Herein, we test the influence of group identity cues and intergroup contact as predictors of perceived intergroup commonality. The findings suggest emphasizing a superordinate community identity increases feelings of commonality in the attitudes of Anglos and Latinos toward one another and toward African-Americans and Asians, while intergroup contact has no significant influence on intergroup attitudes. These findings contribute to the extant literature by simultaneously testing the relative effect of salient group identities on intergroup attitudes and expanding the focus beyond the binary comparison found in most studies of racial–ethnic relations.

Implications of Racial Identity

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalie Masuoka
Keyword(s):  
Racial Identity ◽  
Racial Attitudes ◽  
Group Identity ◽  
Political Attitudes ◽  
Public Policies ◽  
Racial Formation ◽  
Political Attitude ◽  
The Political ◽  
Attitude Development

This chapter compares the political attitudes of multiracial-identified individuals to those of whites, blacks, and Latinos. It begins by offering three different arguments that explain the political attitude development of multiracial individuals, which are labeled assimilation, racial formation, and group identity. The chapter compares attitudes of the four groups on measures of racial attitudes, partisanship, and public policies. The chapter also considers how multiracial attitudes might differ depending on the multiracial respondent’s racial combination (e.g., white-black vs. white-Asian) and assesses the extent to which there exists attitudinal variation within the multiracial population when accounting for multiracial respondents’ described racial combination.

Lenin on the Jewish Question: The Theoretical Setting

1987 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-78
Author(s):  
Yoav Peled
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Ethnic Conflict ◽  
Opposite Effect ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Ethnic Relations ◽  
Jewish Question ◽  
Ethnic Communities ◽  
Theoretical Conception ◽  
Ethnic Solidarity ◽  
The Relationship

Western scholars studying Lenin's writings on the Jewish question tend to view them as reflecting no more than the tactical needs of the struggles he conducted against the Jewish Bund. This article examines these writings in the context not of Lenin's political quarrels with the Bund but of his theoretical conception of the relationship between modernization and ethnic conflict. Underlying Lenin's views on the Jewish question and the positions he took vis-à-vis the Bund was a carefully considered theory of nationality grounded in a clearly defined Marxist outlook on history. That theory of nationality, however, happened to be erroneous in that it stipulated the gradual elimination of ethnic conflict as a by-product of modernization. In reality, as theorists of ethnicity have shown in the last 15 years, modernization may have the exactly opposite effect. For the benefits of modernity, whether economic or political, accrue in unequal measures to members of different ethnic groups, thus intensifying ethnic solidarity and the friction between ethnic communities. Lenin's over-optimistic view of the effect of economic development on inter-ethnic relations caused him to judge the Jewish problem in Russia in an unrealistic way, and gave his comments on that problem the appearance of ad hoc tactical pronouncements.

The Legacy of Three Crises: Parliament and Ethnic Issues in Prewar Poland

Slavic Review ◽  
1968 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 564-580 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander J. Groth
Keyword(s):  
Interwar Period ◽  
Total Population ◽  
Ethnic Relations ◽  
Ethnic Conflicts ◽  
Parliamentary Debates ◽  
Presidential Succession

The interwar period in Poland between 1919 and 1939 was punctuated by three significant crises in ethnic relations: the presidential succession of 1922, the Pilsudski coup of 1926, and the “pacification” of the Ukraine in 1930. This article is an attempt to sketch certain aspects of these crises based primarily on records of parliamentary debates. Within the walls of Parliament ethnic conflicts were aired and articulated openly. Here the claimants spoke to and with one another, rather than solely to their own particular clienteles.The number of non-Polish inhabitants within the frontiers of post-Versailles Poland has been variously estimated at between 30 and 45 percent of the total population, depending on the source, time, and method of classification used in the estimate.

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