scholarly journals A Quantitative Model for Press Media Planning in India

1976 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abhinandan Kumar Jain
Keyword(s):  
Formal Methods ◽  
Average Frequency ◽  
Quantitative Model ◽  
Target Audience ◽  
Media Planning ◽  
Conventional Methods ◽  
The Cost

The prevalent practice of press media planning in India is to use available circulation and readership data to draw up media plans that will give the desired “reach” and average frequency of exposure (OTS) among the target audience. Plans drawn through conventional, non-formal methods obviously lack in precision and result only in crude estimates of the “reach” and the average OTS. This paper presents a quantitative model for press media planning which uses available audience data and research. The model selects the lowest cost media plan which achieves the desired “reach” and “average OTS” per person in several target audience groups. Application of the model to develop a zonal press media plan for a frequently-bought-consumer-packagedproduct showed a reduction of about 40% in cost over the cost of a media plan developed through conventional methods.

scholarly journals Budding yeast relies on G1 cyclin specificity to couple cell cycle progression with morphogenetic development

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (23) ◽  
pp. eabg0007
Author(s):  
Deniz Pirincci Ercan ◽  
Florine Chrétien ◽  
Probir Chakravarty ◽  
Helen R. Flynn ◽  
Ambrosius P. Snijders ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Cycle ◽  
Cell Cycle Progression ◽  
Budding Yeast ◽  
Quantitative Model ◽  
Cyclin Dependent Kinase ◽  
Cycle Progression ◽  
Model Cell ◽  
Mitotic Cyclin ◽  
Substrate Phosphorylation ◽  
The Cost

Two models have been put forward for cyclin-dependent kinase (Cdk) control of the cell cycle. In the qualitative model, cell cycle events are ordered by distinct substrate specificities of successive cyclin waves. Alternatively, in the quantitative model, the gradual rise of Cdk activity from G1 phase to mitosis leads to ordered substrate phosphorylation at sequential thresholds. Here, we study the relative contributions of qualitative and quantitative Cdk control in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. All S phase and mitotic cyclins can be replaced by a single mitotic cyclin, albeit at the cost of reduced fitness. A single cyclin can also replace all G1 cyclins to support ordered cell cycle progression, fulfilling key predictions of the quantitative model. However, single-cyclin cells fail to polarize or grow buds and thus cannot survive. Our results suggest that budding yeast has become dependent on G1 cyclin specificity to couple cell cycle progression to essential morphogenetic events.

A Model for Estimating the Savings from Dimensional vs. Keyword Search

2009 ◽  
pp. 146-157
Author(s):  
Karen Corral ◽  
David Schuff ◽  
Robert D. St. Louis ◽  
Ozgur Turetken
Keyword(s):  
Search Engine ◽  
Search Strategy ◽  
Keyword Search ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Quantitative Model ◽  
Total Cost ◽  
Search Approach ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Keyword Searches ◽  
A Company

Inefficient and ineffective search is widely recognized as a problem for businesses. The shortcomings of keyword searches have been elaborated upon by many authors, and many enhancements to keyword searches have been proposed. To date, however, no one has provided a quantitative model or systematic process for evaluating the savings that accrue from enhanced search procedures. This paper presents a model for estimating the total cost to a company of relying on keyword searches versus a dimensional search approach. The model is based on the Zipf-Mandelbrot law in quantitative linguistics. Our analysis of the model shows that a surprisingly small number of searches are required to justify the cost associated with encoding the metadata necessary to support a dimensional search engine. The results imply that it is cost effective for almost any business organization to implement a dimensional search strategy.

scholarly journals The rising cost of warming waters: effects of temperature on the cost of swimming in fishes

2011 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 266-269 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew M. Hein ◽  
Katrina J. Keirsted
Keyword(s):  
Water Temperature ◽  
Fish Species ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Swimming Performance ◽  
Metabolic Cost ◽  
Quantitative Model ◽  
The Body ◽  
Energetic Cost ◽  
Cost Of Transport ◽  
The Cost

Understanding the effects of water temperature on the swimming performance of fishes is central in understanding how fish species will respond to global climate change. Metabolic cost of transport (COT)—a measure of the energy required to swim a given distance—is a key performance parameter linked to many aspects of fish life history. We develop a quantitative model to predict the effect of water temperature on COT. The model facilitates comparisons among species that differ in body size by incorporating the body mass-dependence of COT. Data from 22 fish species support the temperature and mass dependencies of COT predicted by our model, and demonstrate that modest differences in water temperature can result in substantial differences in the energetic cost of swimming.

scholarly journals A new stemming application for blasting: a case study

2013 ◽  
Vol 66 (4) ◽  
pp. 513-519 ◽  
Author(s):  
Halim Cevizci
Keyword(s):  
Conventional Method ◽  
Unit Volume ◽  
Drill Cuttings ◽  
Explosive Energy ◽  
Limestone Quarry ◽  
Conventional Methods ◽  
Quarry Blasting ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Better Than

Drill cuttings are generally used in open pits and quarries as the most common stemming material, since these are most readily available at blast sites. The plaster stemming method has been found to be better than the drill cuttings stemming method, due to increased confinement inside the hole and better utilization of blast explosive energy in the rock. The main advantage of the new stemming method is the reduction in the cost of blasting. At a limestone quarry, blasting costs per unit volume of rock were reduced by 7%. This is obtained by increasing burden and spacing distances. In addition, better fragmentation was obtained by using the plaster stemming method. Blast trials showed that plaster stemming produced finer material than the conventional methods. In the same blast tests, +20 cm size fragments reduced to 42.6% of the total, compared to 48.7% in the conventional method of drill cuttings stemming.

scholarly journals Cost Analysis for a Supplier in an Inflationary Environment with Stock Dependent Demand Rate for Perishable Items

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Madhu Jain ◽  
G. C. Sharma ◽  
Varsha Rani
Keyword(s):  
Cost Analysis ◽  
Quantitative Model ◽  
Inventory System ◽  
Optimal Time ◽  
Perishable Items ◽  
Stock Dependent Demand ◽  
Demand Rates ◽  
Demand Rate ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Dependent Demand

The present study is concerned with the cost modeling of an inventory system with perishable multi-items having stock dependent demand rates under an inflationary environment of the market. The concept of permissible delay is taken into account. The study provides the cost analysis of inventory system under the decision criteria of time value of money, inflation, deterioration, and stock dependent demand. Numerical illustrations are derived from the quantitative model to validate the results. The cost of inventory and optimal time are also computed by varying different system parameters. The comparison of these results is facilitated by computing the results with neurofuzzy results.

scholarly journals System of rice intensification (SRI): An innovative and remunerative method of rice cultivation in Tripura, India

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saddam Hossen Majumder ◽  
Prodyut Bijoy Gogoi ◽  
Nivedita Deka
Keyword(s):  
Random Sampling ◽  
The State ◽  
Rice Cultivation ◽  
System Of Rice Intensification ◽  
Net Return ◽  
Rice Intensification ◽  
Comparative Economics ◽  
Conventional Methods ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Interesting Alternative

System of rice intensification (SRI) has been gaining momentum over the years in Tripura, one of the eastern states of India. To meet the growing rice demand, a rapid increase in paddy production is needed. Considering the growing importance of System of Rice Intensification (SRI) in the state, the need for such a study was felt and accordingly the present study was conducted in Sepahijala district of Tripura on the basis of highest area coverage under SRI among all districts of the State. SRI offers an interesting alternative to improve rice productivity. The present study was carried out to examine the comparative economics of SRI and conventional methods of rice cultivation in Tripura, India during the year 2016-17. For the study 120 sample farmers were selected by using multistage random sampling. The cost concepts were used are Cost A, Cost B and Cost C. This paper has compared the economics of SRI and the conventional methods of rice cultivation. It has shown that gross return and net return were much higher for SRI (Rs. 129000.50), (Rs. 67050.50) than conventional (Rs. 78444.00), (Rs. 27168.00), respectively. Similarly, the return over cost was higher for SRI (2.08) than conventional (1.52) methods. The present study concludes that SRI has a tremendous potential to increase the production of rice. Moreover, adoption of this technique by the farmers would give them higher yields which in turn will help them to earn more and improve their socio-economic situation. It has proved to serve as an alternative method for rice cultivation.

scholarly journals Predicting the Cost of Dental Care Using a Probability Model

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nadine Wehbe
Keyword(s):  
Dental Care ◽  
Dental Treatment ◽  
Probability Model ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Quantitative Model ◽  
Maintenance Care ◽  
Patient Costs ◽  
Initial Care ◽  
Dental Offices ◽  
The Cost

This paper uses survey data to present a probability model that allows dental offices to predict patient costs. The quantitative model is useful for developing and accepting capitation rates. It accounts for whether the care is initial care or maintenance care, the type of dental care (such as operative, prosthetics, or periodontics), and different age groups, all of which affect the cost of dental treatment.

scholarly journals COST ANALYSIS OF MARSH RESTORATION THROUGH SEDIMENT STRIPPING AND SPARTINA PROPAGATION

1981 ◽  
Vol 1981 (1) ◽  
pp. 386-390 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles T. Krebs ◽  
Christopher E. Tanner
Keyword(s):  
Cost Analysis ◽  
Oil Spill ◽  
Surface Sediment ◽  
Cost Comparison ◽  
Marsh Restoration ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Conventional Methods ◽  
Propagation Technique ◽  
The Cost

ABSTRACT A cost comparison is presented between conventional methods and a new alternative surface sediment stripping and Spartina propagation technique for the cleanup of oil in marshlands. The sediment-stripping and propagation technique is competitive with the cost of conventional cleanup for spills in small marshland areas, and may be significantly less expensive for the cleanup of large marsh areas severely impacted by an oil spill. Factors affecting the cost of the stripping and propagation technique are discussed, and an optimal stripping and propagation strategy is presented.

scholarly journals Optimal cost and feasible design for grid-connected microgrid on campus area using the robust-intelligence method

Clean Energy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 823-840
Author(s):  
Mohamad Almas Prakasa ◽  
Subiyanto Subiyanto
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Algorithm ◽  
Energy Management ◽  
Energy Supply ◽  
Minimum Cost ◽  
Energy Utilization ◽  
Energy Management System ◽  
Energy Profile ◽  
Swarm Optimization ◽  
Conventional Methods ◽  
The Cost

Abstract In this paper, a robust optimization and sustainable investigation are undertaken to find a feasible design for a microgrid in a campus area at minimum cost. The campus microgrid needs to be optimized with further investigation, especially to reduce the cost while considering feasibility in ensuring the continuity of energy supply. A modified combination of genetic algorithm and particle swarm optimization (MGAPSO) is applied to minimize the cost while considering the feasibility of a grid-connected photovoltaic/battery/diesel system. Then, a sustainable energy-management system is also defined to analyse the characteristics of the microgrid. The optimization results show that the MGAPSO method produces a better solution with better convergence and lower costs than conventional methods. The MGAPSO optimization reduces the system cost by up to 11.99% compared with the conventional methods. In the rest of the paper, the components that have been optimized are adjusted in a realistic scheme to discuss the energy profile and allocation characteristics. Further investigation has shown that MGAPSO can optimize the campus microgrid to be self-sustained by enhancing renewable-energy utilization.

scholarly journals The Benefits of a Model of Annotation

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 311-326 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca J. Passonneau ◽  
Bob Carpenter
Keyword(s):  
Gold Standard ◽  
Conventional Approach ◽  
Word Sense ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Crowdsourced Data ◽  
Conventional Methods ◽  
The Cost

Standard agreement measures for interannotator reliability are neither necessary nor sufficient to ensure a high quality corpus. In a case study of word sense annotation, conventional methods for evaluating labels from trained annotators are contrasted with a probabilistic annotation model applied to crowdsourced data. The annotation model provides far more information, including a certainty measure for each gold standard label; the crowdsourced data was collected at less than half the cost of the conventional approach.

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