Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act: Design Failure, Implementation Failure or Both?

2019 ◽  
Vol 44 (4) ◽  
pp. 349-368 ◽  
Author(s):  
Girish Kumar Agrawal
Keyword(s):  
Social Security ◽  
Geographic Area ◽  
Livelihood Security ◽  
Achievement Data ◽  
Rural Employment ◽  
On Demand ◽  
Implementation Failure ◽  
Wage Employment ◽  
The Government ◽  
Employment Guarantee

The Government of India implemented MGNREGA in 2005–06 to provide social security cum wage employment on demand, initially in 200 districts and was later extended to all of India. The programme expenditure has now ballooned to over 60,000 crore per year in 2018–19, for creating about 267.95 crore man-days of employment. The programme has been beset with a host of issues since its inception, raising serious doubts about its impact in achieving designed objectives. The programme was designed with host of objectives starting from social security to providing livelihood security to wage employment on demand to arresting migration to deep rooting democracy. All prior research looked at specific objectives in a particular geographic area. This article examines the programme achievement data and examines the same against programme objectives and argues that the programme may be flawed in design objectives and inadequate programme architecture. Contrasting the programme data with census raises further issues about reliability.

scholarly journals NREGA – AN IMPERIALIST DESIGN?

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nilanjan Sengupta
Keyword(s):  
Distribution System ◽  
Social Protection ◽  
Inclusive Growth ◽  
Government Programs ◽  
Livelihood Security ◽  
Public Distribution System ◽  
Rural Employment ◽  
Wage Employment ◽  
The Government ◽  
Employment Guarantee

The Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act, 2005 (MGNREGA) was notified on September 7, 2005. The mandate of the Act is to provide at least 100 days of guaranteed wage employment in a financial year to every rural household whose adult members volunteer to do unskilled manual work. NREGA was projected as a tool to ensure inclusive growth in rural India through social protection, livelihood security and democratic empowerment. Most of the government programs like NREGA when actually planned, are very good plans (at least on paper). The government prepares a holistic perspective for the project. From the experience of other schemes, it may be concluded hat when it comes to execution, most of them fail and the NREGA scheme is also no exception. Like any other government schemes, NREGA functions through a Public Distribution System. In that case, loopholes become a part and parcel of the whole execution process. The Beneficiaries are only a very few people.

Performance and Execution of MNREGS in Kangra District of H.P

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kiran Lata ◽  
Virender Kumar ◽  
Jyoti Kachroo
Keyword(s):  
Weekly Basis ◽  
Livelihood Security ◽  
Rural Employment ◽  
Female Workers ◽  
Flow Of Funds ◽  
Wage Payment ◽  
Wage Employment ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Right ◽  
Employment Guarantee

The government of India has initiated a number of programmes for eradication of poverty of which Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (MGNREGA) is an influential stride towards the right to work. It was launched with the aim of providing livelihood security to the adult members of rural households through guaranteed wage employment for hundred days in a financial year. It provides equal wages to both male and female workers besides 33 per cent participation for women. The state of Himachal Pradesh has been praised for its implementation due to the fact that it tops in providing employment to women under the scheme. Therefore, the performance and execution as well as various processes in the effective execution of the scheme were examined through a study entitled “Performance and Execution of MNREGS in Kangra district of H.P.” the study was carried out in the year 2013-14 in Kangra district of H.P. The results indicated that all the guidelines being mandated in the Act were found to be followed properly as against the provision of 100 days of employment and wage payment on weekly basis (i.e. a delay in wage payment was observed). The relevant problems were insufficient and untimely flow of funds by the higher authorities to the Panchayat as a result of which employment for complete 100 days and on weekly basis couldn’t be met. Therefore, a need to strengthen sufficient and timely release of funds to Panchayat by the higher authorities as well as meeting 100 days of employment and timely payment of wages was suggested as a result of this study.

scholarly journals Household Level Impact Assessment of MGNREGA Scheme

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 543-549
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Primary Objective ◽  
Household Level ◽  
Rural Employment ◽  
Wage Employment ◽  
The Government ◽  
Employment Guarantee ◽  
The Unemployed ◽  
The Impact

The Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act 2005 (MGNREGA) has been notified by the Government of India on 7th September 2005 with the primary objective of enhancing the livelihood security of the unskilled labors in the rural areas of the country by providing guaranteed wage employment to every household whose adult members volunteer to do unskilled manual work. The MGNREGA, which is one of the flagship projects of the government, promises 100 days of work per year to the unemployed at a CPI inflation-indexed wage rate. As there is an increase in the disposable income on account of the implementation of the scheme, it is expected that the standard of living and the expenditure pattern of the household covered under the MGNREGA scheme would undergo a tremendous change. As most of the expenditure of the rural households covered under the scheme is supposed to be drastically changed, it is felt that there is a need to study the impact of the scheme on these households. This paper is an extract from a Ph. D Thesis titled Household and Village Level Impact of MGNREGS on Governance at the Grassroots: An Assessment of Gram Panchayats in Tamil Nadu. Submitted to the Gandhigram Rural Institute – Deemed to be University

Social welfare through guaranteed wage employment: experience of National Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme in an Indian state

2013 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-90
Author(s):  
Pranaya Kumar Swain ◽  
Sthitapragyan Ray
Keyword(s):  
Balance Of Power ◽  
Rural Poor ◽  
Livelihood Security ◽  
Rural Employment ◽  
State And Society ◽  
Indian State ◽  
Wage Employment ◽  
Programme Outcomes ◽  
Employment Guarantee ◽  
Employment Guarantee Scheme

Recognition of the significance of public wage employment programmes in tackling unpredictable community “covariate” shocks and ensuring livelihood security of the rural poor has led to the enactment of the Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act, with state guarantee of work. Implementation of the Act, our empirical findings tell us, has become the site of tangible exchanges between state and society, with factors such as the level of material support for it, the balance of power between the local state and the poor on the ground, and the larger socio-economic structure determining programme outcomes.

Social Audit of Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (MG NREGA): A Study of Hamirpur Block of Himachal Pradesh

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 115-118
Author(s):  
Sapna K. Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
State Level ◽  
Primary Objective ◽  
Himachal Pradesh ◽  
Chronic Poverty ◽  
Rural Employment ◽  
Social Audit ◽  
Wage Employment ◽  
The Government ◽  
Employment Guarantee

Rural development has been the major concern areas since the implementation of the First Five Year Plan in our country. Governments at the Centre and State level have implemented many programmes and schemes to achieve socio-economic development of rural areas in the country. MGNREGA is one of those programmes and schemes. It came into force on February 2, 2006. This flagship programme of the Government of India aims at enhancing the livelihood security of households in rural areas of the country by providing at least one hundred days of guaranteed wage employment in a financial year to every household whose adult members volunteer to do unskilled manual work. The primary objective of the scheme is to augment wage employment. This is to be done while also focusing on strengthening natural resource management through works that address causes of chronic poverty like drought, deforestation, and soil erosion and thus encourage sustainable development. To review the implementation and working of the MGNREGA, social audit is one of the important tools evolved and implemented as a part of MGNREGA. It brings transparency and accountability not only in the implementation of MGNREGA but also in the working of Gram Panchayat. Therefore, this paper aimed at examining the effectiveness of social audit in Hamirpur district of Himachal Pradesh.

scholarly journals Employment Generation and Asset Creation through MGNREGA in Andhra Pradesh

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 277-285
Author(s):  
Srinivas P
Keyword(s):  
Rural Development ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Rural Economy ◽  
Andhra Pradesh ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Livelihood Security ◽  
The Government ◽  
Asset Creation ◽  
Employment Guarantee ◽  
Official Records

NREGA, enacted in 2005, forms the basis of a massive employment guarantee scheme, implemented throughout India, with two main objectives – to enhance the livelihood security of people in rural areas, and to boost the rural economy. Ever since its implementation across the country (2008-09 to 2015-16), on an average Rs.40, 000 crore per financial year has been invested under Mahatma Gandhi NREGA. In conformity with the National Act, the Government of Andhra Pradesh is implementing this Act since January 2006 and made considerable progress in fulfilling the programme objectives. The present study attempts to capture to what extent the employment was generated and durable assets are created during the last ten years of implementation of MGNREGS in Andhra Pradesh State. The study is based on secondary data such as official records of Ministry of Rural Development and Panchayat Raj, Government of Andhra Pradesh, Ministry of Rural Development,  Government of India, Journals, magazines etc. It reveals that the performance of Andhra Pradesh in terms of providing employment and generating person days to rural households particularly Women, SC and ST is significant and it could be able to provide 100 days of employment to only 5.5 per cent of the participatory households. Further, the state Govt. has created substantial number of assets during this one decade of implementation in different categories. However, it was observed that the rate of completion of works is very poor and it is gradually decreased over the years of implementation.Key words: MGNREGA, Employment, Asset creation, Livelihood Security, Rural Economy

scholarly journals Role of Women In MGNREGA In Kaithal District of Haryana India

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 48-55
Author(s):  
Mukesh Chahal ◽  
Dr. Pardeep Kumar ◽  
Dr. Kiran Lamba
Keyword(s):  
Correlation Analysis ◽  
Gender Equality ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Poverty Eradication ◽  
Rural Employment ◽  
Successful Program ◽  
The Government ◽  
Employment Guarantee

Poverty and unemployment remain the main issue in India. These issues are mostly found in rural areas. The Government of India has been formulating various programs for rural growth and poverty eradication. One such programmed is the Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (MGNREGA), a successful program in promoting gender equality, empowering women, and creating long-lasting infrastructure in rural areas providing employment. The study was conducted in the Kaithal district of Haryana covering a sample of 100 beneficiaries. The collected data has been analyzed using simple frequency and percentage analysis, descriptive analysis, and correlation analysis. The results have revealed that the program was successful in empowering the women of the district.

Wage and Earnings from Participation in MGNREGA Works in Jharkhand

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-53
Author(s):  
Anupam Sarkar ◽  
Jechonia Islary
Keyword(s):  
Central Government ◽  
Recent Trend ◽  
Income Generation ◽  
Public Employment ◽  
Government Budget ◽  
Rural Employment ◽  
The Core ◽  
The Government ◽  
Public Money ◽  
Employment Guarantee

Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (2005) is regarded as largest public employment programme in the world. As per the official parlance MGNREGA belongs to the core of core programmes of Government of India. Majority of participants of MGNREGA are poor and vulnerable sections of the society. ₹480 billion has been allocated for the programme in Central government budget in 2017–18. However, in recent years there are criticisms on the government to weaken and dilute the key features of the programme to the detriment of the interest of poor labourers. On the other hand many see the programme as unnecessary drag on public money. In this context this article aims to study recent trend and patterns of participation, employment and income generation from MGNREGA among casual labourers in Jharkhand which happens to be one of poor and tribal dominated states of India.

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