Victim Assistance in the United States: The End of the Beginning

1990 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 181-199 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marlene A. Young
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Violence Prevention ◽  
Crisis Intervention ◽  
Disaster Response ◽  
The United States ◽  
First Aid ◽  
Research Community ◽  
Victim Assistance ◽  
Supportive Counselling ◽  
Future Focus

This article emphasizes the bond of victimization that is based on the similarities in the injuries endured by victims. Such injuries are financial, physical, emotional or social. At the same time, the paper stresses that each victimization is unique due to the attributes of an individual and the nature of the trauma suffered. Program elements of victim assistance are outlined as: crisis intervention; supportive counselling and advocacy; and support during investigation, prosecution, and after-case disposition. Several areas are identified for future focus: violence prevention, emotional first aid, comprehensive outreach to all populations, research, community-wide disaster response, trauma mitigation, international networking and the need to make rights real.

A Mass-Distributed CD-ROM for School-Based Suicide Prevention

Crisis ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 135-140 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Fendrich ◽  
ME Mackesy-Amiti ◽  
M Kruesi
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Violence Prevention ◽  
Crisis Intervention ◽  
The United States ◽  
Cd Rom ◽  
Chicago Area ◽  
School Based ◽  
Computer Equipment ◽  
Insufficient Time ◽  
And Training

Recent violent events in schools in the United States have underscored the need for an examination of efforts aimed at mass education of school professionals on issues related to violence prevention and crisis intervention. A CD-ROM (“Team Up to Save Lives: What Your School Should Know About Preventing Youth Suicide”) was mass mailed to schools throughout the United States in January 1997. We conducted an initial evaluation of this intervention in the Chicago area and found that the scope of the CD's impact was relatively narrow: Only 39% of all schools with informants that were contacted actually reviewed the CD-ROM and provided feedback for the evaluation. Insufficient time, computer equipment, and training were the major obstacles to CD-ROM use and to participation in the evaluation. Among those reviewing the CD-ROM, overall perceptions regarding its utility were extremely favorable. Multiple instances in which the CD had been used to address actual crisis situations were identified.

Corporal Punishment

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 96 (4) ◽  
pp. 792-793
Author(s):  
Den A. Trumbull ◽  
DuBose Ravenel ◽  
David Larson
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Primary Care ◽  
Social Policy ◽  
Violence Prevention ◽  
Corporal Punishment ◽  
Primary Care Physicians ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
The United States

The supplement to Pediatrics entitled "The Role of the Pediatrician in Violence Prevention" is timely, given the increasingly serious violence problem in the United States.1 Many of the supplement's recommendations are well-conceived and developed. However, the recommendation to "work toward the ultimate goal of ending corporal punishment in homes" (page 580)2 is unwarranted and counterproductive. Before one advises against a practice approved by 88% of American parents3 and supported by 67% of primary care physicians,4 there should be sufficient scientific evidence to support the proposed change in social policy.

US Border Theory, Globalization, and Ethnonationalisms in Post-Wall Eastern Europe

1999 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-22
Author(s):  
Claudia Sadowski-Smith
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Eastern Europe ◽  
Crisis Intervention ◽  
The United States ◽  
Ethnic Cleansing ◽  
Berlin Wall ◽  
New Class ◽  
Border Theory ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Security Challenges

In April 1999, the simultaneous involvement of the United States in three apparently unrelated events illustrated important shifts in geopolitical realities. A decade after the fall of the Berlin Wall, which prefigured dramatic geopolitical changes in the countries of the former “Evil Empire,” a US-dominated NATO not only bombed Yugoslavia to stop ethnic cleansing in Kosovo, but also continued its air strikes against Iraq. In the same month, NATO also approved a new Strategic Concept that identified the “uncontrolled movement of large numbers of people” as ample justification for military “crisis intervention” and thus officially recognized international migration and refugee flows as a new class of security challenges.

Building Knowledge without Borders

2011 ◽  
pp. 67-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elsie M. Szecsy
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Education Research ◽  
The United States ◽  
Research Community ◽  
Research Traditions ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
Ict Tools ◽  
Planning Group ◽  
Shared Problem

The purpose of this chapter is to report on the use of information and communication technology (ICT) as a “leveling device” between colleagues dispersed across the United States and México, who shared similar education research interests but came from different research traditions. The author reports on the use of various ICT tools in a process that began in 2006 with a small planning group distributed across México and the United States; grew to include additional participants who met face-to-face in Monterrey, México, in 2007; and continued afterward into 2008 through ICT-mediated mechanisms that were structured to maintain purposeful linkages among colleagues dispersed across two countries. Through this slow, deliberate process, the participants increased their capacity for achieving a broader focus on a shared problem as a research community by learning each other’s perspectives. The strategic use of ICT to support collaboration across borders—in real time and asynchronously—assisted in building a binational education research community.

U.S. Floods

2017 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 127-139 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beverly A. Cigler
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Disaster Response ◽  
Natural Hazard ◽  
The United States ◽  
Mitigation Strategies ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Response And Recovery ◽  
Property Losses ◽  
State And Local

Floods are the costliest natural hazard events in the United States in terms of lives and property losses. The financial costs of flood disasters are unsustainable, especially for the national government, which assumes the most costs while state and local governments have the greatest ability to avoid great losses due to their influence over land use, economic policy, and other areas that can help mitigate floods and reduce the high costs of relief and recovery. This article summarizes the types, causes, and occurrence of floods in the United States and their unsustainable economic and social costs. It explains that the growing burden to taxpayers from disaster response and recovery has resulted in increased interest by national decision makers in shifting more disaster responsibilities and costs to state and local governments. The article reviews the broad tool kit of mitigation strategies available to local governments and their residents in taking greater responsibility for the impacts of flood events.

Emergency management policies and natural hazards in the United States: A state-level analysis

2011 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 27
Author(s):  
Luis M. Pinet-Peralta, PhD ◽  
Rick Bissell, PhD ◽  
Katrina Hein, BSc, MSc ◽  
David Prakash, MSc
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Natural Disasters ◽  
Natural Hazards ◽  
Disaster Response ◽  
Disaster Relief ◽  
State Level ◽  
The United States ◽  
Unintended Consequences ◽  
Political Effects ◽  
Response And Recovery

Every year, natural hazards kill and injure hundreds of people and also have significant social, economic, and political effects on society. However, not all disasters or crises are the focus of state, regional, or national efforts to mitigate their effects. In this article, the authors use Wilson’s policy typology to describe the unintended consequences that disaster legislation has had on the distribution of costs and benefits of disaster relief programs in the United States. The data provide evidence that the concentration of disaster relief programs for natural disasters is not based on need and that interest groups commonly drive disaster policies to benefit those with the greatest risk for losses rather than those in greatest need. Policymakers can use this information to examine both intended and unintended consequences of disaster response and recovery policies and can orient the limited resources available toward those who are least capable of recovering from natural disasters.

Disaster response and people experiencing homelessness: Addressing challenges of a population with limited resources

2015 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 195 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bryan Wexler, MD, MPH ◽  
Mary-Elise Smith, MD, MA
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Best Practices ◽  
Disaster Response ◽  
Planning Process ◽  
The United States ◽  
Limited Resources ◽  
Delivery Of Care ◽  
Psychiatric Conditions ◽  
Communication Methods ◽  
And Training

In this article the authors provide an overview of some issues that inhibit disaster planning and response for people experiencing homelessness and discuss the planning process conducted for this population in Worcester, MA. People experiencing homelessness face numerous challenges in preparing for disasters both natural and human caused. Similarly, providers attempting to aid these individuals must recognize and overcome various factors that hamper efforts to provide assistance. People experiencing homelessness lack the general resources many in the United States take for granted, including food, shelter, communication methods, and transportation. The population also has an increased prevalence of medical and psychiatric conditions. These factors amplify the typical difficulties in preparedness, communication, sheltering, and training for disasters. With these principles in mind, the authors reviewed the literature for best practices, identified potential stakeholders, and developed an annex to help address organization and delivery of care to those experiencing homelessness during a disaster.

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