Sedentary Behaviour Among Male Adolescents in Sagamu, Southwest Nigeria

2021 ◽  
pp. 0272684X2110167
Author(s):  
Oluwatosin B. Odusoga ◽  
Oluwafolahan O. Sholeye
Keyword(s):  
Sedentary Behaviour ◽  
Central Obesity ◽  
Smart Phone ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Male Adolescents ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
Southwest Nigeria ◽  
Motorized Transport

Background Sedentary behaviour (SB) is a leading risk factor for development of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) and associated morbidity worldwide. Several studies have reported a high prevalence of sedentary behaviour among adolescents in developing countries with a male preponderance. The Nigerian male adolescent is similarly faced with lifestyle challenges as his counterparts in other countries. Aim This study determined the pattern, knowledge and factors associated with sedentary behaviour among male adolescents in Sagamu, Nigeria. Method A cross-sectional study was carried out among 330 in-school male adolescents in Sagamu, selected via multi-stage sampling technique. Data were collected using a semi-structured, self-administered questionnaire and analyzed using IBM SPSS version 20. Relevant descriptive and inferential statistics were calculated, with p < .05. Participation was fully voluntary and strict confidentiality was ensured. Result The mean age of respondents was 15.9 ± 1.4 years; 86.9% of respondents were aged 15-19years. About 94.8% of sedentary respondents had poor knowledge. Over 90% of respondents were sedentary. Screen-based behaviour (79%) contributed more to respondents’ pattern of SB while using a tablet or a smart phone (23.6%) singularly contributed the largest to sedentariness. SB was associated with motorized transport ( p = .038), smoking ( p ≤ .001) and central obesity status ( p = .040) but not with socio-demographic characteristics and alcohol intake. Conclusion Knowledge of SB was poor among respondents. The prevalence of sedentary behaviour was high and associated with central obesity, smoking and motorized transport. School-based interventions including health education, should be initiated to reduce the risk of developing NCDs.

scholarly journals Hand hygiene practices in the context of Ebola virus disease: A cross-sectional survey of Lagos residents

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 179-184 ◽  
Author(s):  
Modupe R Akinyinka ◽  
Omowunmi Q Bakare ◽  
Esther O Oluwole ◽  
Babatunde A Odugbemi
Keyword(s):  
Ebola Virus ◽  
Virus Disease ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Hand Washing ◽  
Ebola Virus Disease ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
Southwest Nigeria

Background: The Ebola virus disease outbreak that ravaged parts of West Africa has been described as the most severe acute public health emergency seen in modern times. Hand washing was promoted among other measures for infection prevention. Objective: This study assessed the awareness of Ebola virus disease and hand-washing practices among Lagos residents, southwest Nigeria. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was used. A total of 1982 respondents aged 18 ⩾ years were selected using a multi stage sampling technique. An interviewer-administered, pre-tested questionnaire was used for data collection between August and November 2015. Data were analysed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 22, with level of significance set at 0.05. Results: Almost all (97.3%) respondents were aware of Ebola virus disease, with over half of respondents having heard about it from television. A majority of 1890 (95.4%) respondents were aware of the importance of hand washing in disease prevention. Similarly, high proportions of respondents were aware they should wash their hands after an outing, toilet use, touching pets, before and after meals, while 1628 (82.1%) of respondents knew to wash their hands after a hand shake. However, less than half of respondents (38.8%) always washed their hands after handshakes. Discussion: A majority of respondents surveyed were aware of Ebola virus disease and hand washing, but the practice of hand washing, which is key in prevention of infection, lagged behind the knowledge of the respondents.

scholarly journals Prevalence and risk factors for myopia among school children in Aba, Nigeria

2017 ◽  
Vol 76 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Uchenna C. Atowa ◽  
Alvin J. Munsamy ◽  
Samuel O. Wajuihian
Keyword(s):  
School Children ◽  
Refractive Error ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Level Of Education ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
Significant Difference

Aim: To study the prevalence of myopia among school children in Aba, Nigeria.Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in public and private (primary and secondary) schools. A multi-stage random sampling technique was used for selecting participants aged between 8 and 15 years from 12 schools in Aba, Nigeria. Data were analysed for 1197 children who underwent a comprehensive eye examination. The children were divided according to the following criteria: age groups (group 1 [8–11 years] or group 2 [12–15 years]), gender (male or female), level of education (primary or secondary) and type of school (public or private). Myopia was defined as spherical equivalent refraction (SER) ≤ -0.50 D in the poorer eye.Results: The prevalence of myopia was estimated to be 2.7%. Of the 96 children with refractive error, 78.1% were uncorrected. In using logistic regression analysis, risk of developing myopia was associated with older age groups (odds ratio [OR]: 1.20; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.16–9.11; p < 0.010) and higher level of education (OR: 1.73; 95% CI, 1.05–2.86; p < 0.030). There was no significant difference in myopia prevalence between male and female children (p = 0.89).Conclusion: Although the prevalence of myopia and overall prevalence of refractive error in school children in Aba were low, the high prevalence of uncorrected refractive error is a significant public health problem. An effective and sustainable children’s vision screening programme is needed to prevent visual impairment and blindness.

scholarly journals NUTRITIONAL STATUS AMONG PRIMARY SCHOOL GOING CHILDREN LIVING IN URBAN AREA OF SINDH PAKISTAN

1970 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 62-65
Author(s):  
Muhammad Faisal Qureshi ◽  
Aneeta Rathore ◽  
Nandlal Seerani ◽  
Sumera Qureshi ◽  
Bisharat Faisal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Primary School ◽  
Primary Schools ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Head Of School ◽  
Multi Stage

Background: Children's health is very important for their better learning and timely nourishment everywhere in the world. Malnutrition among school going children has remained a big challenge in under developed countries. Methods: Cross-sectional study was conducted among 422 children of four Government Primary schools of Qasimabad, district Hyderabad after taking the proper consent and administration approval from the head of school. Multi stage simple random sampling technique was adopted. Study was approved from Institutional review board of Health Services Academy Islamabad. Results: Out of total, 217 (51.4%) were boys and 205 (48.6%) were girls. Mean Height of boys and girls were 128.09 cm (±SD 12.90) and 130.36 cm (±SD 12.50) respectively. Mean Weight of boys was 25.27 Kgs (±SD 6.17) while in girls mean Weight was 26.83 Kgs (±SD 7.03). 17.57 cm (±SD 2.34) was mean MUAC for all participants and mean BMI was 15.42 (±SD 2.02). Prevalent of stunting and wasting were 24.4% and 18.3% respectively. While in 13.7% thinness (BMI for age) was seen. Stunting was statistically significant in girls 9-10 year (p value=.015, CI: .118-.823, OR=.311) and 11-≥12 years (p value=.018, CI: .215-.874, OR=.434). Pallor was more in girls (17%) and Dental caries were higher in boys (20.8%). Insufficient breakfast was done by 347 (82.2%), whereas 75 (17.8%) were doing sufficient breakfast. 341 (80.8%) students became ill during last year, out of that 80 (19%) were having history of hospitalization. Conclusion: Poor polices and lack of food aid interventions regarding health of primary school going children was assessed during this study.

scholarly journals The Perception and Disposal Practices of Unused And Expired Medicines By Households In an Urban Municipality, Southwest Nigeria: A Comparative Cross-Sectional Study.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olufemi O. Aluko ◽  
G. T Imbianozor ◽  
C. O. Jideama ◽  
O. V. Ogundele ◽  
T. E Fapetu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Good Knowledge ◽  
Categorical Variables ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Environmental Consequences ◽  
Positive Attitudes ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
Southwest Nigeria ◽  
Response Rate Data ◽  
Expired Medicines

Abstract Background: Medicines are formulations for the prevention and treatment of diseases and symptoms. Pharmaceutical wastes are products of unused, damaged, and expired medicines (UEMs) which pose a disposal challenge globally. Previous studies have shown that environmental disposal of medicines has health and environmental consequences. Hence, this study aims to determine and compare the management of household UEMs in a heterogeneous municipality in southwest Nigeria.Methods: The study was comparative, cross-sectional in design. Multi-stage sampling identified respondents, who are females, experienced in the handling and safekeeping of medicines. The study sample was 404 and recorded a 93% response rate. Data were analysed by IBM-SPSS, version 20. Continuous and categorical variables were presented in tables as mean(±SD), proportions (%) while bar charts highlight salient findings. Differences between LDS and HDS values were determined by 𝝌2(Pα>0.05).Results: 53.4% and 71.2% of respondents respectively had good knowledge and positive attitudes to safe disposal of UEMs. At least 31.5% households do not stock medicines in homes while 1-2 sachets of antimalarial (57.3%), analgesics (52.7%) and antibiotics (49.7%) medicines were inventoried in households and significantly different between low-density (LD) and high-density (HD) settlements. 72.9% and 67.8%; 47.9% and 55.6% respondents in LD and HD settlements respectively disposed of household solid and liquid UEMs in thrash-bins, though 34.9% (LDS) and 16.7% (HDS) disposed of liquid UEMs in the toilet/sink. There were significant differences in medicines abundance and disposal practices between LD and HD settlements for solid and liquid medications. 37.1% of respondents perceived consequences for the current methods of disposing of UEMs, which include accidental ingestion (76.6% vs 26.7%) and land pollution (69.6% vs 36.7%) and water pollution (72.4% vs 32.8%) and drugs toxicity (58.3% vs 32.8%), respectively in LD and HD settlements.Conclusions: Respondents good knowledge and positive attitudes contrasted the poor UEMs disposal practice. Most of the households’ medicines were antimalaria and analgesics and there were disparities in the disposal of solid and liquid medicines, between LD and HD settlements, respectively. Appropriate legislation, compliance monitoring and enforcement are drivers to incentive-driven, sound recovery systems for UEMs to alleviate the consequences of current disposal practices in Nigeria.

scholarly journals Immunization coverage under universal immunization programme in Kozhikode district, Kerala

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (9) ◽  
pp. 3667
Author(s):  
Sreedevi C.
Keyword(s):  
Immunization Coverage ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Dropout Rate ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cluster Sampling ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Vaccine Preventable Diseases ◽  
Immunization Programme ◽  
Multi Stage

Background: Immunization is an important cost effective tool for preventing the morbidities and mortalities caused by vaccine preventable diseases. The objectives of this study were to assess the universal immunization programme coverage of children of 12–23 months of age in Kozhikode district and to study the factors associated with immunization coverage.Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted in 30 randomly selected electoral wards of Kozhikode district which were selected using multi stage cluster sampling technique during April 2013 to May 2014.Results: 469 children were studied from 30 clusters. 75.5% was fully immunized while 1.5% was unimmunized. Dropout rate for DPT 3 to Measles was the highest accounting to 20.2%. Most common reason for failure of immunization among unimmunized was that the parents didn’t feel the need (57.1%) and for partially immunized was the illness of the child (27.8%) followed by lack of awareness of the time of immunization (22.2%). Religion, early age of the mother at marriage and first delivery and high birth order were significantly associated with a higher proportion of partially immunized while higher education of the parents (>12th standard), health worker’s home visit in the first year of the child and presence of immunization card were significantly associated with a high full immunization coverage (p<0.05).Conclusions: Immunization coverage of 75.5% is far behind the target to be achieved. 1.5% of the children didn’t get any of the vaccinations. It is very important to increases the coverage to prevent the re-emergence of vaccine preventable diseases.

scholarly journals Risky Sexual Behaviour among Male Immigration and Correctional Personnel in Kano State, Nigeria, 2018

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nureni Azeez ◽  
Aishat Bukola Usman ◽  
Adebowale Ayo Stephen ◽  
Abubakar Muhammad Jibo ◽  
Zubairu Iliyasu
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Intercourse ◽  
Sexual Behaviour ◽  
High Mobility ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Risky Sexual Behaviour ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Male Immigration ◽  
Multi Stage

Abstract Background Worldwide, uniformed personnel have been recognized as a population at high risk for sexually transmitted infections because of their high mobility, power differentials and affluence. However, limited studies have been conducted on risky sexual behaviour (RSB) among male uniformed personnel in Nigeria. We conducted this study to determine the prevalence and identify the predictors of RSB among male immigration and correctional personnel in Kano State.Methods We conducted a cross-sectional study among 306 male immigration and correctional personnel using multi-stage sampling technique. A pre-tested self-administered structured questionnaire containing sociodemographic and variables associated with RSB was used for data collection. Indicators of RSB included transactional sexual intercourse, sexual intercourse with casual acquaintances and multiple non-regular sexual partners over the last 12 months. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics, Chi-square test and logistic regression (α=0.05).Results Mean age of the respondents in the immigration and correctional services was 37.9±9.3 and 38.0±8.1 years respectively. Overall prevalence of RSB was 15.1% (9.2% and 20.9% among correctional and immigration workers respectively). The identified predictors of RSB were service group, marital status and attending club house prior to sexual intercourse. The likelihood of RSB was lower among the correctional personnel (aOR=0.38, CI=0.17-0.80) than the immigration officers. Being married is protective of RSB (aOR=0.38, CI=0.18-0.81) while attending club house prior to sexual intercourse predisposes the uniform personnel to RSB (aOR=3.90, CI=1.30-11.68). Conclusions Risky sexual behaviour was highly prevalent among the investigated uniform men but was higher among immigration officers than the correctional personnel.

scholarly journals The effects of temporo mandibular joint disorder with clicking symptom on children mastication performance in Deutero Malay race children aged 12-15 years

2014 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Henri Hartman ◽  
Arlette Suzy Puspa Pertiwi ◽  
Jakobus Runkat ◽  
Yetty Herdiyati ◽  
Roosje Rosita Oewen
Keyword(s):  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Masticatory Performance ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Forward Head Posture ◽  
Mandibular Joint ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
Joint Disorder ◽  
Masticatory System

Temporo Mandibular Joint Disorder (TMD) could be caused by forward head posture. Articular sound/TMJ clicking is the most often sign and symptom for TMD that could happen in human being. The presence of TMD such as TMJ clicking would cause an imbalance masticatory system. The purpose of this research is to investigate TMJ clicking effects to masticatory performance. This research was cross-sectional study with a type of epidemiology survey. Subject were children aged 12-15 years old Deutero-Malay sub-races Live in Bandung and was taken using multi-stage random sampling technique. Subject; consisted of 24 children as control group and 28 children as TMJ clicking group. Both group were then checked for masticatory performance using multiple sieve method and 20x chewing of artificial test food. Mastication performance value represented by median particle size (MPS) particle distribution (b) for each group. MPS from TMJ clicking group (3.0571,SD=0.9990) showed higher value than control group (2.28958,SD=0.66838). Statistic analysis with t-test showed that there’s a significant result in both of group (pvalue=0,0024, α = 0,05). Conclussion, temporo mandibular joint clicking subject has lower masticatory performance.

scholarly journals Ethnic Variation and its Association with Malaria Awareness: A Cross-sectional Study in the East Nusa Tenggara Province (Indonesia)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robertus Dole Guntur ◽  
Jonathan Kingsley ◽  
Fakir M A Islam
Keyword(s):  
Economic Status ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Education Level ◽  
Ethnic Variation ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
Education Levels ◽  
Logistic Regression Method

Objectives: This study aims to investigate ethnic variation and its association with malaria awareness in the East Nusa Tenggara Province (ENTP), Indonesia. Methods: A community–based cross–sectional study was conducted upon 1495 adults recruited by multi –stage cluster random sampling technique. A malaria awareness related questionnaire was used to collect data alongside a malaria awareness index (MAI). A logistic regression method was applied to quantify the strength of associations of factors associated with the awareness index. Results: Of total participants, 33% were from Manggarai, 32.3% were from Atoni, 30.2% from Sumba ethnicity. The level of MAI was significantly different between these groups with the highest in Manggarai ethnicity (65.1%, 95% confidence interval (CI): 59.9 — 70.3) and the lowest in Sumba ethnicity (35%, 95% CI: 27.6 — 42.4). The most prominent factors influencing the MAI in Sumba and Manggarai ethnicity were education level, whilst it was socio–economic status (SES) in Atoni ethnicity. The level of MAI was significantly higher for adults with diploma or above education level (adjusted odds ratio (AOR): 21.4, 95% CI: 3.59 — 127.7- for Manggarai; AOR: 6.94, 95% CI: 1.81 — 26.6 for Sumba). The level of MAI was significantly higher for adults living in high SES in Atoni (AOR 24.48, 95% CI: 8.79 — 68.21). Conclusions. Poorer education levels and low SES were more prominent factors contributing to lower levels of MAI in rural ENTP. Interventions should focus on improving malaria awareness to these groups to support the national commitment of the Indonesian government to achieve a malaria elimination zone by 2030.

A Cross Sectional Survey on Musculoskeletal Pain Among Postmenopausal Women with Overall and Central Obesity

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (5) ◽  
pp. 1369-1371
Author(s):  
Q. Kiran ◽  
S. Riaz ◽  
Z. Hashmi ◽  
R. R. Khan ◽  
Z. R. Athar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Musculoskeletal Pain ◽  
Central Obesity ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Post Menopause ◽  
Convenience Sampling ◽  
Waist Height Ratio

Objective: To find out the frequency of Musculoskeletal Pain among Postmenopausal women with Overall and Central Obesity. Methods: A Cross-Sectional study was carried out at Jinnah Hospital, Lahore, for six months. A sample size of 250 patients with generalized obesity and central obesity was taken. Non-Probability, Convenience Sampling technique was used. The Nordic questionnaire was used as a data collection tool. Data was analyzed on SPSS version 21. Results: Results showed that majority respondents were in the age group of 51-60 i.e. 43.6% (N=109), respondents with BMI >30 were 50.8% (N=127), waist/height ratio 99.2% (N=248) were > 0.5, waist/hip ratio 86.8% (N=217) were >0.85, 90% (N=225) were present with waist circumference >88cm. Conclusion: This study concludes that musculoskeletal pain is high in postmenopausal women with overall obesity and has shown more pain in the neck, back, shoulder and lower extremities, while postmenopausal women with central obesity have suffered more with back pain. Keywords: Body Mass Index, Obesity, Post menopause, Musculoskeletal pain.

Pattern and Predictors of Tobacco Use Among Undergraduates in Three Tertiary Institutions in North-Western Nigeria

2021 ◽  
pp. 0272684X2110049
Author(s):  
Muhammed Sani Ibrahim ◽  
Kabir Sabitu ◽  
Abdulhakeem Abayomi Olorukooba ◽  
Nuru Suleiman Muhammad ◽  
Aisha A. Abubakar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tobacco Use ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Global Youth Tobacco Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Tertiary Institutions ◽  
University Admission ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
Current Tobacco ◽  
North Western

Background Tobacco use is associated with medical, social and economic problems. There is paucity of data on tobacco use among undergraduates in northern Nigeria. This study assessed pattern and predictors of tobacco use among undergraduates in Zaria, North-western Nigeria. Method It was a cross-sectional study of undergraduates in three tertiary institutions. Multi-stage sampling technique was used to select 1,080 undergraduates. Data was collected using a questionnaire adapted from Global Adult Tobacco Survey and Global Youth Tobacco Survey. Bi-variate analysis was used to identify independent variables showing statistically significant association with current tobacco use. These were entered into step-wise logistic regression. Results Their median age was 24 years (range:15–47). Prevalence of current tobacco use was 27.0%. About 58.7% smoked tobacco daily and 40.0% used smokeless tobacco daily. Commonest places where tobacco was used were off campus accommodation (30.2%), social center (30.2%) and bar or club (28.1%). Predictors of tobacco use were being a male [2.64(1.82–3.84)], married [2.33(1.49–3.70)], experiencing tobacco promotional activity [1.56(1.12–2.17)], willing to use promotional objects [2.06(1.35–3.14)], using of promotional objects [2.74(1.90–3.96)], and exposure to secondhand smoke [14.10(4.16–47.81)]. Predictors of non-use of tobacco were spending two years or less awaiting university admission [0.65 (0.46–0.91)], parents currently together [0.48(0.33–0.69)], and supporting ban on tobacco [0.34 (0.23–0.48)]. Conclusion Prevalence of tobacco use and expenditure on tobacco were high. University authorities should commence programs to identify tobacco users and encourage cessation. The findings also highlight the need to establish effective tobacco surveillance system that includes students of tertiary institutions.

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