Ethnic Variation and its Association with Malaria Awareness: A Cross-sectional Study in the East Nusa Tenggara Province (Indonesia)

Objectives: This study aims to investigate ethnic variation and its association with malaria awareness in the East Nusa Tenggara Province (ENTP), Indonesia. Methods: A community–based cross–sectional study was conducted upon 1495 adults recruited by multi –stage cluster random sampling technique. A malaria awareness related questionnaire was used to collect data alongside a malaria awareness index (MAI). A logistic regression method was applied to quantify the strength of associations of factors associated with the awareness index. Results: Of total participants, 33% were from Manggarai, 32.3% were from Atoni, 30.2% from Sumba ethnicity. The level of MAI was significantly different between these groups with the highest in Manggarai ethnicity (65.1%, 95% confidence interval (CI): 59.9 — 70.3) and the lowest in Sumba ethnicity (35%, 95% CI: 27.6 — 42.4). The most prominent factors influencing the MAI in Sumba and Manggarai ethnicity were education level, whilst it was socio–economic status (SES) in Atoni ethnicity. The level of MAI was significantly higher for adults with diploma or above education level (adjusted odds ratio (AOR): 21.4, 95% CI: 3.59 — 127.7- for Manggarai; AOR: 6.94, 95% CI: 1.81 — 26.6 for Sumba). The level of MAI was significantly higher for adults living in high SES in Atoni (AOR 24.48, 95% CI: 8.79 — 68.21). Conclusions. Poorer education levels and low SES were more prominent factors contributing to lower levels of MAI in rural ENTP. Interventions should focus on improving malaria awareness to these groups to support the national commitment of the Indonesian government to achieve a malaria elimination zone by 2030.

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SCREENING OF PSYCHOLOGICAL DISTRESS AMONG COLLEGE STUDENTS DURING THE COVID-19 LOCKDOWN PERIOD: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY

10.36106/gjra/5901642 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 55-56

Author(s):

Vishnu G. Ashok ◽

Pretty Venis ◽

Glannie A.R.

Keyword(s):

Psychological Distress ◽

Undergraduate Students ◽

Early Recognition ◽

Economic Status ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Sleep Habits ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Time Activity

The uncertainty and dread linked with COVID-19 has contributed to a rise in mental health disorders among the general population showing high rates of anxiety, depression, posttraumatic stress disorder, and psychological discomfort. The current study aims to assess the prevalence of psychological distress among undergraduate students of an Arts college in rural Tamilnadu. A cross-sectional study was carried out among 100 undergraduate students of an arts college selected by convenient sampling technique using GHQ-12 questionnaire via online platforms. Among the 100 medical students who participated in the study, 78% were found have severe problems with psychological distress. Leisure time activity like smartphone usage was found to have a signicant association with psychological distress (p<0.05) while other factors like gender, socio-economic status, physical activity, dietary preferences, junk food consumption and sleep habits were not associated statistically. Early recognition of students under stress and counselling will go a long way in helping students adjust to the demands of the educational curriculum.

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PREVALENCE AND FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH EARLY MARRIAGE IN CHIPULUKUSU TOWNSHIP OF NDOLA, ZAMBIA:cross sectional study (Preprint)

10.2196/preprints.16869 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Satiel Banda

Keyword(s):

Economic Status ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Education Level ◽

Early Marriage ◽

Child Marriage ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Factors Associated ◽

Lower Education Level ◽

Lower Education

BACKGROUND In the statistics taken from media brief on ending child marriage in Zambia, (2014) states, “Zambia is the third highest country with cases of child marriages in the SADC region and 19th in the world. In Zambia, about 42 per cent of women aged 20-24 years are married by the age of 18 – a rate that has not evolved since 2002. The rates of child marriages vary from province to province, and are as high as 60 per cent in the Eastern Province. (www.girlsnotbrides.org.) accessed on 20th November 2014. At 13.42) The ZDHS [Zambia Demographic Health Survey] indicates that among married girls aged 15-19 in Zambia, 68 percent have already given birth. In addition, most of the births occurring to girls before age 18 are first births (85 percent), and a majority of these first births occur within marriage. A Central Statistical Office (CSO) report of 2010 carried out by Plan Zambia indicates that “only a few adolescent girls and boys complete upper primary education while the enrolment ratio in secondary education is 13.4% for males and 12.9% for females.” The report concludes that child marriage is the critical driver for this state of affairs. OBJECTIVE This study is aimed at determining the prevalence and factors associated with child marriage in Chipulukusu township of Ndola. Zambia. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted in Chipulukusu Township within the location of Ndola. A pretest questionnaire was used to collect information on child marriage prevalence and factors towards the practice of child marriage and other relevant socio-demographic characteristics. RESULTS the prevalence of early marriage in Chipulukusu township of Ndola district, Zambia was 20.7 % with it being significantly associated with lower social economic status (poverty), lower education level, orphanhood and teen pregnancies CONCLUSIONS the prevalence of early marriage in this study was high. Its prevalence was significantly associated with people of poor backgrounds (poverty), teen pregnancies, lower education level, and orphan hood.

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Prevalence of cataract and its associated factors among adults aged 40 years and above in Waghimra zone, Amhara, Northeast Ethiopia: A Community based cross-sectional study

10.21203/rs.2.20312/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Mohammed Ahmed ◽

Biruk Beletew ◽

Ayelign Mengesha ◽

Merkineh Markos

Keyword(s):

Low Income ◽

Associated Factors ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Low Income Countries ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Major Health Problem ◽

Major Health ◽

Multi Stage

Abstract Background Cataract is a major cause of avoidable blindness worldwide. Its greatest burden found in low-income countries. Therefore, knowing the prevalence and identification of risk-factors would be crucial in planning strategies to delay its development.Objective To assess prevalence and associated factors of cataract among adults aged 40 years and above in Waghimra Zone, Amhara, Ethiopia, 2019.Methods A cross-sectional study was undertaken among 528 adults in Waghimra Zone. Multi stage sampling technique was employed. Questionnaire, Snellen’s chart and slit lamp was used to collect the data. Data were entered into Epi Data version 3.1, cleaned and analyzed by using SPSS version 21.Result Within the sample, the prevalence of cataract was 20.1% (95% CI: 16.87, 23.32). being older age (AOR=1.05, 95% CI: 1.01-1.08), single (AOR = 6.2, 95% CI: 1.60, 23.9), divorced (AOR = 2.46, 95% CI: 1.10, 5.48), widowed (AOR=2.38, 95% CI: 1.07- 5.29) were associated with cataract.Conclusion Cataract is a major health problem in the study area that would increase with ageing Hence, concerned body should strengthen further screening and treating of patients who are targeted groups such as aged, single, widowed, divorced population.

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Perception and practices during the COVID-19 pandemic in an urban community in Nigeria: a cross-sectional study

PeerJ ◽

10.7717/peerj.10038 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 ◽

pp. e10038 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Olayinka Ilesanmi ◽

Aanuoluwapo Afolabi

Keyword(s):

Low Income ◽

Good Practice ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Public Health Communication ◽

Multi Stage ◽

Chi Square Test

Background Various perceptions and practices have been associated with the COVID-19 pandemic. In this study, we assessed the perception and practices regarding COVID-19 among residents in selected urban communities of Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria. Methods A descriptive cross-sectional study design using a multi-stage sampling technique was used to recruit 360 respondents (Mean age: 33.2 ± 10.6 years; 62.5% females) from households in Ibadan. Data were collected using an interviewer-administered questionnaire from 3rd to 6th June 2020. Those who demonstrated washing of the palm, back of the hand, spaces between the fingers, fingernails, wrist, and thumbs had six points and were categorized to have had a good practice of handwashing. Descriptive statistics were conducted. Bivariate analyses of sociodemographic characteristics and good handwashing practices were conducted using Chi-square test. Logistic regression was conducted to identify the determinants of good handwashing practices. P-values < 0.05 were statistically significant. Results Going to the hospital (95%) and calling the COVID-19 help number (58.3%) were the frequently reported practices among respondents following the development of COVID-19 symptoms. Also, 89 (26%) knew they could contract COVID-19, while 41 (12%) perceived it as an exaggerated event. The effects most frequently reported by respondents were hunger/low income (48.8%) and academic delay (8.8%). Use of face masks by 64.5% and social distancing (48%) were the most frequently reported practices for prevention. Only 71 (20.8%) demonstrated good handwashing practices. The perception of the likelihood to contract COVID-19 and practices to prevent COVID-19 had a weak correlation of 0.239 (p < 0.001). Conclusion Gaps exist in the practices that prevent COVID-19. There is a need to improve handwashing, use of face masks and other practices that prevent COVID-19. Implications across public health communication and policies were stated.

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Knowledge and Practice of Infants Exposure to Sunlight Among Lactating Mothers Attending at Yirgalem Hospital, Sidama Regional State

Clinical Medicine Insights Pediatrics ◽

10.1177/11795565211041348 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 15 ◽

pp. 117955652110413

Author(s):

Addisu Seneshaw Bezabih ◽

Daniel Eshetu ◽

Nigussie Yohanis ◽

Agete Tadewos Hirigo

Keyword(s):

Vitamin D ◽

Good Practice ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Education Level ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Lactating Women ◽

Lactating Mothers ◽

Knowledge And Practice

Background: Exposure to sunlight is vital for the synthesis of vitamin-D and vitamin D plays an important role in growth and bones strength. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the knowledge and practice of infants exposure to sunlight among lactating women. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from May 01 to 30, 2019 among 327 infant coupled lactating mothers attended at Yirgalem General Hospital. An interviewer-administered questionnaire was used to collect relevant data through a convenient sampling technique. Results: A total of 84.7% of respondents exposed infants to sunlight. More than 94% knew the benefit of exposing infants to sunlight. About 20.9%, 25.6%, and 19.9% of mothers exposed infants to sunlight within 15, 16 to 30, and 31 to 45 days of birth, respectively. In addition, 59.9% of respondents exposed infants to sunshine daily and 72.2% exposed without clothing the infants’ body. Moreover, 63.5% of mothers have applied lubricants and overall 54.5% of mothers exposed infants to sunlight in good practice. Unemployed women were 4.7 times more likely (aOR; 95%CI: 4.7; 2.0-11.4) to expose infants to sunlight when compared to those employed, while women whose husbands have at least secondary education level were 5.1 times more likely (aOR; 95%CI: 5.1; 1.6-16.1) to expose infants to sunlight when compared to those unable to read and write. Conclusion: More than 45% and more than one-third of lactating mothers had poor practice and exposed infants to sunlight for inadequate time, respectively. Therefore, the finding indicates a need for awareness creation to increase women’s knowledge and practice toward the exposure of infants to sunlight.

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Depression and Cognitive Impairment in Patients on Hemodialysis: A cross-sectional study

Environment-Behaviour Proceedings Journal ◽

10.21834/ebpj.v5i15.2468 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 5 (15) ◽

pp. 185-192

Author(s):

Nor Jannah Nasution Raduan ◽

Mohd Razali Salleh ◽

Ghazali Ahmad ◽

Zaleha Ismail

Keyword(s):

Cognitive Impairment ◽

Publishing House ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Hemodialysis Patients ◽

Education Level ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Contributing Factors ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Factors Associated ◽

Low Education

Depression and cognitive impairment are the most common complications of patients on hemodialysis. The objective of this study is to identify contributing factors to depression and cognitive impairment in hemodialysis patients. This is a cross-sectional study involving 110 hemodialysis patients in Hospital Kuala Lumpur. The samples were recruited through universal sampling. Patients were assessed with the Beck Depression Inventory and Montreal Cognitive Assessment. This study found that 18.2% of patients had depression, and 48.2% had cognitive impairment. Factors associated with depression were unmarried status, low education level, and cognitive impairment. Factors associated with cognitive impairment were low education level, depression, and unemployment. Keywords: hemodialysis, depression, cognitive, ESRD eISSN: 2398-4287© 2020. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open access article under the CC BYNC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia. DOI: https://doi.org/10.21834/ebpj.v5i15.2468.

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Self-Rated Health and Subjective Economic Status in Life Satisfaction among Older Chinese Immigrants: A Cross-Sectional Study

Healthcare ◽

10.3390/healthcare9030342 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (3) ◽

pp. 342

Author(s):

Bum Jung Kim ◽

Lin Chen ◽

Ling Xu ◽

Yura Lee

Keyword(s):

Life Satisfaction ◽

Economic Status ◽

Chinese Immigrants ◽

The United States ◽

Ordinary Least Squares ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Self Rated Health ◽

Older Chinese

This study examines the influence of self-rated health and subjective economic status on the life satisfaction of older Chinese immigrants in the United States. Data were obtained from a cross-sectional survey of 205 older Chinese immigrants aged 66 to 90 years living in Los Angeles and Honolulu. Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) regression analysis was employed to explore the independent effects of self-rated health and subjective economic status. The results demonstrated that self-rated health and subjective economic status were positively associated with life satisfaction. This cross-sectional study provides empirical evidence that self-rated health and subjective economic status are directly associated with subjective life satisfaction among older Chinese immigrants.

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Socio-Economic Status and Prevalence of Self-Reported Osteoporosis in Tehran: Results from a Large Population-Based Cross-Sectional Study (Urban HEART-2)

Journal of Urban Health ◽

10.1007/s11524-018-0246-6 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 95 (5) ◽

pp. 682-690 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

M. Asadi-Lari ◽

Y. Salimi ◽

M. R. Vaez-Mahdavi ◽

S. Faghihzadeh ◽

A. A. Haeri Mehrizi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Economic Status ◽

Large Population ◽

Population Based ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Socio Economic Status

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Male Involvement in Family Planning: Challenges and Way Forward

International Journal of Population Research ◽

10.1155/2014/416457 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 2014 ◽

pp. 1-9 ◽

Cited By ~ 21

Author(s):

Ademola Adelekan ◽

Philomena Omoregie ◽

Elizabeth Edoni

Keyword(s):

Family Planning ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Male Involvement ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Focus Group Discussions ◽

Group Discussions ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Married Men ◽

Public Health Officials

Public health officials have advocated the involvement of men as a strategy for addressing the dismal performance of family planning (FP) programmes. This study was therefore designed to explore the challenges and determine way forward to male involvement in FP in Olorunda Local Government Area, Osogbo, Nigeria. This cross-sectional study involved the use of a four-stage sampling technique to select 500 married men and interviewed them using semistructured questionnaire. In addition, four focus group discussions (FGDs) were also conducted. Mean age of respondents was 28.5 ± 10.3 years. Some (37.9%) of the respondents’ spouse had ever used FP and out of which 19.0% were currently using FP. Only 4.8% of the respondents had ever been involved in FP. Identified barriers to male involvement included the perception that FP is woman’s activity and was not their custom to participate in FP programme. More than half of the FGD discussants were of the view that men should provide their wives with transport fare and other resources they may need for FP. The majority of the respondents had never been involved in family planning with their wives. Community sensitization programmes aimed at improving male involvement in FP should be provided by government and nongovernmental agencies.

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Prevalence and factors associated to depression among Debrebirhan University students: a cross-sectional study

10.21203/rs.3.rs-776940/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

(MD

Keyword(s):

University Students ◽

Associated Factors ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Considerable Proportion ◽

P Value ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Prevalence Of Depression ◽

Debre Birhan

Abstract Background: Undiagnosed depression among university students has an adverse effect on the wellbeing and academic performance of students. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of depression and associated factors among Debre Birhan university students. Methodology: Institutional based cross-sectional study design is conducted in Debre Birhan University from April to June 2013 E.C. Three hundred sixty nine students participated in this study which was selected by simple random sampling technique. Data were collected by using a self-administered PHQ-9 standard depression questionnaire. First the data was entered into in Epidata 3.1 and then was exported to SPSS version 20 for analysis. Associated factors were identified using binary logistic regression and variables with a p-value < 0.05 were declared as statistically significant factors with the outcome variables. Result: All of the study subjects were between ages 18 and 33 with a mean age of 22.65 9 ± 2.78. The overall prevalence of depression is 17.1%. Among this according to PHQ-9 scores cut scores, 161(43.6 %) scored as normal (0–4), 145(39.3%) scored as mild (5–9), 53(14.4%) scored as moderate (10–14), 4(1.1%) scored as moderately severe (15–19) and 6(1.6%) students scored as sever (> 20). In multivariate analysis being female AOR = 9.28[3.47–24.81], academic year AOR = 0.236[0.059–0.936], smoking 26.3[9.33–74.1] and alcohol use AOR of 2.62[0.95–7.21] are significantly associated with depression. Conclusion and recommendation: This study found a considerable proportion of undergraduate students with depression. Higher institutions need to pay special attention to students especially those who are female, junior students, smokers and alcohol users.

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