Evaluation of aesthetic anteroposterior position of maxillary incisors in patients with extraction treatment using facial reference lines

Objective To examine whether facial reference lines could be used to evaluate the anteroposterior position of the maxillary incisors in patients that had undergone extraction treatment. Methods The study enrolled Angle Class I patients who had favourable facial profiles after extraction treatment. Superimposition of post-treatment lateral photographs and cephalograms were constructed and anatomical landmarks on the forehead were identified. Reference lines of the forehead’s anterior limit line (FALL) and the vertical line through the soft-tissue glabella (G line) were constructed. The distance between the maxillary incisors and the FALL and G line were measured. Regression analyses were performed between the maxillary incisor position and forehead inclination. Results Forty-one patients (31 females and 10 males) were included in the study. The mean ± SD distances of the facial-axis point of the maxillary incisors (FA)–FALL and FA–G line were 1.8 ± 1.9 mm and –2.4 ± 1.8 mm, respectively. The distance of the maxillary incisors to FALL and the relative position of the maxillary incisors were both significantly correlated with forehead inclination. Conclusions The mean position of the maxillary incisors in patients with extraction was approximately in the middle of the G line and the FALL. Correct maxillary incisor position was correlated with forehead inclination.

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A prospective clinical trial of the effects produced by the Connecticut intrusion arch on the maxillary dental arch

The Angle Orthodontist ◽

10.2319/102219-666.1 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 90 (4) ◽

pp. 500-506

Author(s):

Alessandro Schwertner ◽

Renato Rodrigues de Almeida ◽

Renata Rodrigues de Almeida-Pedrin ◽

Thais Maria Freire Fernandes ◽

Paula Oltramari ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Correction Method ◽

Maxillary Incisor ◽

Dental Arch ◽

Deep Bite ◽

Lateral Cephalograms ◽

Distal Surface ◽

The Mean ◽

Maxillary Incisors ◽

Group 2 ◽

Group 1

ABSTRACT Objective To assess and compare the effects produced in the maxillary dental arch by means of Connecticut intrusion arch (CIA) with or without a cinch back on the distal end of the tube of the first molars. Materials and Methods This study included 44 patients with a mean age of 13.1 ± 1.8 years treated for deep bite with a CIA randomly divided into two groups: group 1 (G1), 22 patients with initial mean age of 12.72 ± 1.74 years treated with the CIA in the upper arch without a cinch back on the distal surface of the tube of the first molars, and group 2 (G2), 22 patients with an initial mean age of 13.67 ± 2.03 years treated with the CIA with a cinch back. Lateral cephalograms were available before treatment (T1) and after intrusion of maxillary incisors (T2). The mean treatment period was 5.5 ± 1.45 months. Intragroup and intergroup changes in the maxillary incisor and molar positions were analyzed by paired and independent t-tests associated with the Holm-Bonferroni correction method for multiple comparisons (P < .05). Results There were significant differences between groups in terms of maxillary incisor displacement. The maxillary incisors flared labially (2.17°) and proclined (1.68 mm) in group 1, whereas a palatal inclination (−1.99°) and retroclination (−1.13 mm) was observed in group 2. No significant differences were found for the molar positions between the groups. Conclusions The presence or absence of a distal bend in CIA affects incisor tipping and proclination during intrusion mechanics.

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Dentofacial Changes after Orthodontic Intervention with Eruption Guidance Appliance in the Early Mixed Dentition

The Angle Orthodontist ◽

10.2319/012607-37.1 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 78 (2) ◽

pp. 324-331 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Katri Keski-Nisula ◽

Leo Keski-Nisula ◽

Hannu Salo ◽

Kati Voipio ◽

Juha Varrela

Keyword(s):

Treatment Group ◽

Mixed Dentition ◽

Class I ◽

Control Group ◽

Significant Shift ◽

Facial Height ◽

Significant Difference ◽

The Mean ◽

Maxillary Incisors ◽

Clinically Significant

Abstract Objective: To evaluate skeletal and dentoalveolar changes induced by the eruption guidance appliance in the early mixed dentition. Materials and Methods: Pre- and posttreatment cephalometric radiographs of 115 consecutively treated children, 62 boys and 53 girls, were compared with those obtained from a control group of 104 children, 52 boys and 52 girls. Pretreatment radiographs were taken at the deciduous-mixed dentition interphase (T1) and after full eruption of all permanent incisors and first molars (T2). The mean age of the children in both groups was 5.1 years at T1 and 8.4 years at T2. Results: A significant difference between the groups at T2 was found in the mandibular length, midfacial length, and maxillomandibular differential. The increase in mandibular length was 11.1 mm in the treatment group and 7.2 mm in the control group. No differences were found in measurements of maxillary position or size. There was a significant shift toward a Class I relationship in the treatment group. Labial tipping and linear protrusion of the mandibular incisors was evident in the treatment group at T2. There was no effect on the inclination or position of the maxillary incisors. Conclusions: Occlusal correction was achieved mainly through changes in the dentoalveolar region of the mandible. In addition, the appliance enhanced condylar growth resulting in a clinically significant increase in mandibular length. No effect was observed on maxillary position, maxillary size, inclination or protrusion of the maxillary incisors, or facial height.

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Relative position of the supra-acetabular bone to the crestal plane: a radiological analysis

Journal of the Royal Army Medical Corps ◽

10.1136/jramc-2019-001251 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. jramc-2019-001251

Author(s):

George Dehn ◽

N Hammer ◽

M C Wyatt ◽

S J Soltani ◽

D C Kieser

Keyword(s):

Relative Position ◽

Trauma Centre ◽

Ct Scans ◽

Anatomical Landmarks ◽

Rapid Reduction ◽

Acetabular Bone ◽

Pelvic Injuries ◽

Life Threatening ◽

The Mean ◽

Austere Environments

IntroductionDisplaced unstable pelvic injuries are life threatening and require rapid reduction and stabilisation, typically achieved with an external fixator. Recently, the benefits of supra-acetabular pins have been proven; however, these are usually inserted under fluoroscopic guidance. In austere environments and in extremis, this facility is limited and fixation using anatomical landmarks is required. Thus, the aim of this study is to determine the relative position of the supra-acetabular bone to the crestal plane and examine its consistency in military-aged European personnel.MethodsA radiological review of 50 randomised pelvic CT scans in European patients aged 18–30 years from a Level 1 trauma centre was performed. The CT scans were analysed using 3D rendering software. The relative position of the supra-acetabular bone to the crestal plane was determined.ResultsThe supra-acetabular bone relative to the crestal plane was approximately 28° caudal and 24° medial to the crestal plane. The mean minimum distance from the pin’s entry point to the sciatic notch was approximately 73 mm. There were no differences noted between genders or hemipelvic side.ConclusionsThe supra-acetabular bone maintains a consistent relative position to the crestal plane. Thus, with the surgeon’s thumb on the anterior superior iliac spine (ASIS) and index finger on the iliac tubercle, defining the crestal plane, a supra-acetabular pin can be inserted into the anterior inferior iliac spine, which lies 3 cm inferior and 2 cm medial to the ASIS, and advanced along the supra-acetabular bone by angling the pin 30° caudal and 25° medial to the crestal plane.

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Effects of Bimax and Segmental Surgeries for Correction of Bimaxillary Dentoalveolar Protrusion Class I on Soft Tissue Parameters: Upper lip Thickness and Curvature, Nasolabial Angle and Nasal Prominence

The Journal of Contemporary Dental Practice ◽

10.5005/jp-journals-10024-1456 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 14 (6) ◽

pp. 1087-1093 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Amin Rahpeyma ◽

Saeedeh Khajehahmadi

Keyword(s):

Soft Tissue ◽

Group Treatment ◽

Anterior Segment ◽

Class I ◽

Upper Lip ◽

Perpendicular Line ◽

Lower Jaw ◽

Nasolabial Angle ◽

Before And After ◽

The Mean

ABSTRACT Aim Results of this study can show if bimax surgery for posterior repositioning of maxilla and correction of BPCLI has priority to the currently used segmental orthognathic surgery or not. Materials and methods This study was done on 40 whiteskinned Iranian patients with bimaxillary dentoalveolar protrusion class I (BPCLI) who sought treatment for their deformity. In the first group, treatment includes segmental surgery for backward replacement of anterior segment of the upper and lower jaw. In the second group, treatment was bimax surgery, in which whole upper and lower jaw moved backward. Twenty patients were included in each group. For this purpose, we measured upper lip thickness (ULT, distance between LS and IA), nose prominence (NP, distance between nasal tip and the perpendicular line from upper lip vermilion on FHP), subsulcus depth (SSD, distance of SLS from this perpendicular line), SN to H line distance and finally, nasolabial angle (NLA) before and after surgery. Results In our study, 65% of patients were female and the mean of age was 27 (17-39) years old. The mean of SNA, SNB, ANB and INA in our patients were 81.7 ± 2.9, 78.8 ± 2.8, 4.50 ± 1.4 and 120 ± 8.7, respectively. All variables except SSD were analyzed with t-test to compare the results of two methods of surgery. Differences in the values of NP, NLA, SN to H line distance and ULT before and after segmental and bimax surgeries between before and after surgery were significant. After surgeries, ULT and the SN to H line distance reduced significantly, and NLA became corrected to its normal range (90-110). Conclusion The results of this study showed that bimax and segmental surgeries can effectively correct BPCLI. Because of possible dental and periodontal complications of segmental surgery, we highly recommend bimax surgery for treatment of BPCLI. How to cite this article Rahpeyma A, Khajehahmadi S. Effects of Bimax and Segmental Surgeries for Correction of Bimaxillary Dentoalveolar Protrusion Class I on Soft Tissue Parameters: Upper lip Thickness and Curvature, Nasolabial Angle and Nasal Prominence. J Contemp Dent Pract 2013;14(6):1087-1093.

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Correlations between objective measurements and subjective evaluations of facial profile after orthodontic treatment

Journal of International Medical Research ◽

10.1177/0300060520936854 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 48 (7) ◽

pp. 030006052093685

Author(s):

Danqing He ◽

Yan Gu ◽

Yannan Sun

Keyword(s):

Soft Tissue ◽

Orthodontic Treatment ◽

Facial Attractiveness ◽

Post Treatment ◽

Maxillary Incisor ◽

Facial Profile ◽

Objective Measurements ◽

Subjective Evaluations ◽

Vas Scores ◽

Maxillary Incisors

Objective To investigate the correlations between objective measurements and subjective evaluations of post-treatment facial attractiveness. Methods Ten orthodontists rated the subjective visual analog scale (VAS) scores of the facial profiles of 95 patients who had undergone orthodontic treatment. Post-treatment cephalograms and photographs were used. Eleven soft tissue measurements and eight maxillary incisor measurements were constructed and analyzed. Correlations between objective measurements and subjective VAS scores were evaluated using Pearson correlation and quadratic regression analysis. Results The VAS scores of different facial proportions were all correlated with the total VAS score. Among soft tissue measurements, the distances from the upper and lower lips to the E line, H angle, forehead inclination, distance from lower lip to the H line, and pogonion-menton angle were negatively correlated with the VAS scores. The Z angle, with a parabolic distribution, was also correlated with the VAS scores. Among maxillary incisor measurements, the distance from the maxillary incisors to the forehead’s anterior limit line and the angulation of the maxillary incisors to the APo line were negatively correlated with the VAS scores. Conclusions Several soft tissue and maxillary incisor position measurements were correlated with facial profile evaluation and therefore might be used to evaluate facial attractiveness.

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Intrusive Arch versus Miniscrew-Supported Intrusion for Deep Bite Correction

Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences ◽

10.3889/oamjms.2019.332 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 7 (11) ◽

pp. 1841-1846 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Manal Mohamed El Namrawy ◽

Fouad El Sharaby ◽

Mohamed Bushnak

Keyword(s):

Maxillary Incisor ◽

X Rays ◽

Deep Bite ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Skeletal Effects ◽

The Mean ◽

Maxillary Incisors ◽

Group 2 ◽

Age Range ◽

Group 1

BACKGROUND: Intrusion of maxillary incisors is the treatment of choice to correct deep bite problem in gummy smile patients. AIM: The objective of this study was to compare the effectiveness and efficiency of miniscrew-supported intrusion versus intrusion arch for treatment of deep bite.METHODS: The study sample consisted of 30 post pubertal patients (21 females and 9 males) with an age range from 17 to 29. They were divided into 2 groups (15 subjects in each group). Group 1 underwent maxillary incisor intrusion using miniscrews, and in group 2 intrusive arch was used. Pre and post-treatment lateral cephalometric x-rays and study models were made to evaluate the demo-skeletal effects. During the study period, no other intervention was attempted. Paired t-test was used to study the changes after treatment.RESULTS: The mean amount of overbite correction was 2.6 ± 0.8 (0.49 mm per month) in the miniscrew-supported intrusion group and 2.9 ± 0.8 (0.60 mm per month) in the intrusive arch group. No statistically significant difference was found in the extent of maxillary incisor intrusion between the two systems. The two intrusion systems were statistically different in the extent of incisor proclination, as an intrusive arch group tended to proline upper incisors more than miniscrews-supported intrusion group.CONCLUSION: Both systems successfully intruded the 4 maxillary incisors almost with no loss to the sagittal and vertical anchorage, although intrusive arch tended to proline upper incisors significantly.

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Maxillary incisors mesiodistal angulation changes in patients with orthodontically treated anterior superior diastemas

Dental Press Journal of Orthodontics ◽

10.1590/s2176-94512012000400015 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 17 (4) ◽

pp. 65-71 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Juliana Fernandes de Morais ◽

Marcos Roberto de Freitas ◽

Karina Maria Salvatore de Freitas ◽

Guilherme Janson ◽

Nuria Cabral Castello Branco ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Class Ii ◽

Class I ◽

Maxillary Incisor ◽

Retention Period ◽

Panoramic Radiographs ◽

Posttreatment Period ◽

Maxillary Incisors

OBJECTIVE: The aims of this study were to describe the patterns of maxillary incisor angulation in patients with upper interincisive diastemas, to evaluate angulation changes with treatment and posttreatment period, and to assess whether there are association between incisor angulation and interincisive diastema relapse. METHODS: The sample comprised 30 Class I or Class II patients with at least one pretreatment anterior diastema of 0.77 mm or greater after eruption of maxillary permanent canines. Data were obtained from panoramic radiographs at pretreatment, posttreatment and at least 2 years post-retention. RESULTS: Incisors presented a mesial tipping tendency after treatment, but only lateral incisors showed significant changes between pre and posttreatment stages. CONCLUSION: Regarding post-retention period, no changes were found. Finally, no relation was found between diastema relapse and maxillary incisor axial angulation.

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Quantifying the Selection of Maxillary Anterior Teeth Using Intraoral and Extraoral Anatomical Landmarks

The Journal of Contemporary Dental Practice ◽

10.5005/jp-journals-10024-1069 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 12 (6) ◽

pp. 414-421 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Ayman Ellakwa ◽

Kieran McNamara ◽

Jasdeep Sandhu ◽

Kedall James ◽

Amit Arora ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Selection Criteria ◽

Average Length ◽

Maxillary Incisor ◽

Anatomical Landmarks ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Mean Values ◽

Anterior Teeth ◽

Dental Practitioners ◽

The Mean ◽

Selection Of

ABSTRACT Background One of the major hurdles in clinical prosthodontics has been the selection and replacement of maxillary anterior teeth in the absence of pre-extraction records. The aim of this study was to determine if a relationship exists between intraoral and extraoral facial measurements that could assist dental practitioners in selecting esthetically appropriate maxillary anterior teeth in the absence of pre-extraction records. Materials and methods A cross-sectional study design was used with a sample size of one hundred and twenty participants. A questionnaire was used to identify the selection criteria and a photograph was taken for facial measurements using digitally calibrated software. Ninety-eight participants met the selection criteria and were included in the study. Measurements of intraoral landmarks were taken from stone casts of maxillary impressions using calibrated digital calipers. Each measurement was completed by two assessors to obtain mean values. Data were statistically analyzed using SPSS version 17 software. Data were assessed by one way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by post hoc (p < 0.05) to find any difference between tested groups. Pearson coefficients were used to determine whether correlation exists between measurements. Results The mean values for intraoral maxillary landmarks were: Central incisor width = 8.39 mm, circumferential canine tip to canine tip distance = 34.89 mm, arch width = 48.24 mm, left arch length = 45.24 mm, right arch length = 45.56 mm. The mean values for extraoral landmarks were: Intercanthal distance = 33.24 mm, interpupillary distance = 60.68 mm, interalar distance = 38.27 mm, intercommissure distance = 50.61 mm. Differences existed within subgroups for all intraoral and extraoral measures. A weak positive correlation existed between intraoral (r < 0.4) and extraoral measurements (r < 0.38) that remained consistent when examined by gender. Conclusion This study showed that the average length and width of the maxillary arch and interalar width were the anatomical landmarks that provided the strongest predictive relationship with anterior maxillary teeth (r = 0.38 – 0.4). Using these dimensions an average multiplying factor can be used to calculate maxillary incisor width or canine tip to canine tip distance. As the predictive strength is not strong, the authors recommend its use as a preliminary guide for determining the width of the maxillary anterior teeth during the initial selection of artificial teeth in the absence of pre-extraction records. Clinical Significance The results of this study can be used to help dentists select the size of artificial maxillary anterior teeth in the absence of pre-extraction records. How to cite this article Ellakwa A, McNamara K, Sandhu J, James K, Arora A, Klineberg I, El-Sheikh A, Martin FE. Quantifying the Selection of Maxillary Anterior Teeth Using Intraoral and Extraoral Anatomical Landmarks. J Contemp Dent Pract 2011;12(6):414-421.

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Comparison of anterior and posterior mini-implant-assisted maxillary incisor intrusion: Root resorption and treatment efficiency

The Angle Orthodontist ◽

10.2319/085015-571.1 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 86 (5) ◽

pp. 746-752 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Isil Aras ◽

Ali V. Tuncer

Keyword(s):

Root Resorption ◽

T Test ◽

Maxillary Incisor ◽

Implant Loosening ◽

Treatment Efficiency ◽

Deep Bite ◽

Mini Implants ◽

Beta Titanium ◽

The Mean ◽

Maxillary Incisors

ABSTRACT Objective: To compare, through cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT), the root resorption and treatment efficiency of two different mini-implant-assisted modalities in intruding the maxillary incisors. Materials and Methods: Thirty-two adults who had deep bite and elongated maxillary incisors were randomly allocated to two groups: anterior mini-implant group (AMG) and posterior mini-implant group (PMG). In the AMG, approximately 40 g of force was applied per side with elastic chains from mini-implants placed between the lateral incisors and canines and in the PMG, with beta-titanium wires from mini-implants placed between the second premolars and first molars. This study was conducted on CBCT scans taken before intrusion and after 4 months of intrusion. Data were analyzed by means of a paired t-test, independent t-test, and Pearson’s correlation test. Results: One patient was excluded from the AMG due to mini-implant loosening. While the incisors showed a significant reduction in length and volume, this amount was greater in the AMG, especially in the central incisors (P < .05). Together with the mean intrusion rates of 0.62 and 0.39 mm/mo in the AMG and PMG respectively, the center of resistance of the incisors showed distal movement with labial tipping; these changes were greater in the PMG (P < .001). Volumetric root resorption was correlated with the amount of intrusion (P < .05). Conclusions: Intrusion anchoring from posterior mini-implants is preferred in cases of upright incisors, as the use of such mechanics directs the roots into the spongiosa where they undergo less root resorption and more labial tipping.

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