scholarly journals Biological events related to corticotomy-facilitated orthodontics

2019 ◽  
Vol 47 (7) ◽  
pp. 2856-2864 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liviu Feller ◽  
Razia A.G. Khammissa ◽  
Andreas Siebold ◽  
Andre Hugo ◽  
Johan Lemmer
Keyword(s):  
Tooth Movement ◽  
Root Resorption ◽  
Treatment Time ◽  
Orthodontic Tooth Movement ◽  
Alveolar Process ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Long Term Outcomes ◽  
External Root Resorption ◽  
Orthodontic Forces

Corticotomy-facilitated orthodontics is a clinical treatment modality comprising the application of conventional orthodontic forces combined with selective decortication of the alveolar process of the bone, which generates a localized process of bone remodeling (turnover) that enables accelerated orthodontic tooth movement. Compared with conventional orthodontic treatment, corticotomy-facilitated orthodontics is associated with reduced treatment time and reduces the frequency of apical external root resorption; however, this modality increases morbidity and financial costs. Although the clinical outcomes of corticotomy-facilitated orthodontics appear favorable, no results of evidence-based investigations of long-term outcomes are available in the literature, and the long-term effects of corticotomy-facilitated orthodontics on the teeth and periodontium are unclear. This narrative review discusses the biological events associated with corticotomy-facilitated orthodontics. Authoritative articles found in relevant databases were critically analyzed and the findings were integrated and incorporated in the text.

An Innovative Approach for Accelerated Orthodontic Tooth Movement Stimulated by Corticotomy and Alveolar Grafting withAutogenous Demineralized Dentin Graft of Extracted Premolar- A Case Report

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gupta V
Keyword(s):  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Tooth Movement ◽  
Root Resorption ◽  
Treatment Time ◽  
Young Patients ◽  
Orthodontic Tooth Movement ◽  
Duration Of Treatment ◽  
External Root Resorption ◽  
Tissue Healing ◽  
Demineralized Dentin

In today's era, there is an increased demand for orthodontic treatment, especially among young patients. The greatest concern amongst the patients undergoing orthodontic treatment is the increased treatment time. The fixed orthodontic treatment lasts up to 2 to 3 years which further increases the risk of complications associated with the treatment such as external root resorption, periodontal problems, and patient compliance [1]. Clinicians are constantly striving towards developing strategies to enhance the rate of orthodontic tooth movement and decreasing the treatment time. Numerous surgical modalities found to be highly effective in reducing the treatment time for orthodontic therapy include corticotomy, corticision, peizocision, periodontal distraction, dentoalveolar distraction etc. [2]. Wilcko et al. [3] introduced the combined approach corticotomy surgery with alveolar grafting in a technique referred to as Accelerated Osteogenic Orthodontics (AOO) and recently known as Periodontally accelerated osteogenic orthodontics (PAOO). Many studies dictated that PAOO is an extremely predictable, safe, effective technique. The risk of root resorption and the duration of treatment time is considerably reduced [3-5]. The present article focuses on accelerating the orthodontic tooth movement using a Demineralized dentin matrix (DDM) graft, alloplast and PRF membranes to reduce the treatment time and improves soft and hard tissue healing outcomes.

scholarly journals Is Inflammation a Friend or Foe for Orthodontic Treatment?: Inflammation in Orthodontically Induced Inflammatory Root Resorption and Accelerating Tooth Movement

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (5) ◽  
pp. 2388
Author(s):  
Masaru Yamaguchi ◽  
Shinichi Fukasawa
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Mediators ◽  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Alveolar Bone ◽  
Tooth Movement ◽  
Root Resorption ◽  
Orthodontic Tooth Movement ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Orthodontic Forces ◽  
Necrosis Factor

The aim of this paper is to provide a review on the role of inflammation in orthodontically induced inflammatory root resorption (OIIRR) and accelerating orthodontic tooth movement (AOTM) in orthodontic treatment. Orthodontic tooth movement (OTM) is stimulated by remodeling of the periodontal ligament (PDL) and alveolar bone. These remodeling activities and tooth displacement are involved in the occurrence of an inflammatory process in the periodontium, in response to orthodontic forces. Inflammatory mediators such as prostaglandins (PGs), interleukins (Ils; IL-1, -6, -17), the tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α superfamily, and receptor activator of nuclear factor (RANK)/RANK ligand (RANKL)/osteoprotegerin (OPG) are increased in the PDL during OTM. OIIRR is one of the accidental symptoms, and inflammatory mediators have been detected in resorbed roots, PDL, and alveolar bone exposed to heavy orthodontic force. Therefore, these inflammatory mediators are involved with the occurrence of OIIRR during orthodontic tooth movement. On the contrary, regional accelerating phenomenon (RAP) occurs after fractures and surgery such as osteotomies or bone grafting, and bone healing is accelerated by increasing osteoclasts and osteoblasts. Recently, tooth movement after surgical procedures such as corticotomy, corticision, piezocision, and micro-osteoperforation might be accelerated by RAP, which increases the bone metabolism. Therefore, inflammation may be involved in accelerated OTM (AOTM). The knowledge of inflammation during orthodontic treatment could be used in preventing OIIRR and AOTM.

scholarly journals Root Resorption in Orthodontic Treatment: Scoping Review

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 47-51
Author(s):  
Neeta Aryal ◽  
Mao Jing
Keyword(s):  
Scoping Review ◽  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Tooth Movement ◽  
Root Resorption ◽  
Orthodontic Tooth Movement ◽  
Conventional Radiography ◽  
Promising Tool ◽  
External Root Resorption ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Orthodontic Patients

Introduction: Root resorption is the loss of apical root tissue leading to the shortness of root which is often evident in orthodontic tooth movement. Proper management during orthodontic treatment however can minimize this undesirable outcome. The present article attempts to review the etiology of root resorption, methods of diagnosis, and strategies for prevention.Materials & Method: A scoping review was done with the purpose to carry out the narrative integration of the relevant evidences on root resorption and orthodontic treatment from the published literatures. The resulting papers were studied and reviewed thoroughly for the key explanation of root resorption in orthodontic patients. A total of 41 published research articles were reviewed.Discussion: According to the literatures root resorption is common iatrogenic outcome in orthodontic treatment. Biological, mechanical, and combined biological and mechanical factors result in external root resorption. Though most clinicians diagnose root resorption by conventional radiography, researches have clearly shown that CBCT is the promising tool. The clinicians need to counsel orthodontic patients and their parents that the root resorption might be a potential consequence of the treatment lasting for long time. In case of severity; it is essential to reassess the patient and minimize the underlying cause. It is necessary to understand the role of orthodontist in preventing root resorption

scholarly journals Apical External Root Resorption and Repair in Orthodontic Tooth Movement: Biological Events

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liviu Feller ◽  
Razia A. G. Khammissa ◽  
George Thomadakis ◽  
Jeanine Fourie ◽  
Johan Lemmer
Keyword(s):  
Bone Resorption ◽  
Periodontal Ligament ◽  
Tooth Movement ◽  
Root Resorption ◽  
Orthodontic Tooth Movement ◽  
Precursor Cells ◽  
Signalling Pathways ◽  
Mechanical Forces ◽  
Complex Interactions ◽  
External Root Resorption

Some degree of external root resorption is a frequent, unpredictable, and unavoidable consequence of orthodontic tooth movement mediated by odontoclasts/cementoclasts originating from circulating precursor cells in the periodontal ligament. Its pathogenesis involves mechanical forces initiating complex interactions between signalling pathways activated by various biological agents. Resorption of cementum is regulated by mechanisms similar to those controlling osteoclastogenesis and bone resorption. Following root resorption there is repair by cellular cementum, but factors mediating the transition from resorption to repair are not clear. In this paper we review some of the biological events associated with orthodontically induced external root resorption.

scholarly journals Comparison of rate of maxillary canine movement with or without modified corticotomy facilitated orthodontic treatment: A prospective clinical trial

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 138-143 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harshal N. Suryavanshi ◽  
Vaishali R. Das ◽  
Aashish Deshmukh ◽  
Raj Rai ◽  
Mena Vora
Keyword(s):  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Tooth Movement ◽  
Root Resorption ◽  
Treatment Time ◽  
Orthodontic Tooth Movement ◽  
Radiographic Examination ◽  
Maxillary Canine ◽  
Mean Velocity ◽  
Canine Retraction ◽  
Extraction Therapy

Background and Objectives The average orthodontic treatment time for extraction therapy is 31 months. One of the main disadvantages of orthodontic treatment is time. Alveolar corticotomies have been used in conjunction with orthodontics to reduce the treatment time by increasing the rate of tooth movement. Concerns about the possible risks of corticotomy procedure have led to the modification of this technique. Germeç et al. reported a case treated by their modified corticotomy technique and noted reduced treatment time without any adverse effects on the periodontium and the vitality of teeth with their new conservative corticotomy technique. This study was undertaken to clinically evaluate the efficacy of the aforesaid technique. Materials and Methods A split-mouth study design was carried out to compare the rate of maxillary canine movement with and without modified corticotomy facilitated orthodontic treatment in 10 patients requiring maxillary first premolar extractions. The modified corticotomy procedure was performed on the maxillary arch unilaterally. The upper arch was immediately activated bilaterally after surgical procedure using equal orthodontic forces for retraction of the maxillary canines. The amount of tooth movement was recorded at an interval of every month till the completion of canine retraction. The rate of canine movement on experimental and control site was compared. The patients were followed for 6 months to check the occurrence of undesired effects such as root resorption, periodontal damage and loss of vitality of teeth on the experimental side. Results Higher mean velocity was observed in canines with modified corticotomy facilitated retraction compared to conventionally retracted canines; with the difference in mean velocity between the two groups was found to be clinically significant as well as statistically significant (P < 0.001). Interpretation and Conclusion The results suggested that modified corticotomy technique serves as an effective and safe way to accelerate orthodontic tooth movement, without adversely affecting the periodontium, root resorption, and the vitality of the teeth, as concluded by clinical and radiographic examination.

scholarly journals Obesity and orthodontic treatment: is there any direct relationship?

2017 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 21-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alberto Consolaro
Keyword(s):  
Tooth Movement ◽  
Root Resorption ◽  
Treatment Time ◽  
Orthodontic Tooth Movement ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Scientific Data ◽  
Specialized Training ◽  
Wide Spread ◽  
Obesity And Cancer ◽  
Do So

ABSTRACT Obesity is a wide-spread condition directly or indirectly connected with an increase in the prevalence of a variety of human diseases. It affects over 50% of the western overall population. In 2017, a thorough analysis of 204 studies on obesity and cancer revealed that the condition increases the risk of the following types of cancer: stomach, colon, rectal, bile duct, pancreatic, esophagus, breast, endometrial, ovarian, kidney and multiple myeloma. The first study aiming at establishing a connection between obesity and the rate of induced orthodontic tooth movement was conducted by Saloom et al; however, it could not effectively nor significantly reveal any direct influence or effect. Despite being identified during the first week, differences could not be explained and treatment time remained unchanged. In spite of lack of studies in the literature on the connection between obesity and the rate of induced tooth movement, in clinical practice, courses or specialized training, we should not have protocols changed nor adopt any measures or expect significant differences between normal-weight and obese individuals. It should be emphasized that unsuccessful cases or cases of root resorption associated with treatment should not be assigned to obesity, since scientific data is insufficient to do so.

scholarly journals The Role of RANKL and Involvement of Cementum in Orthodontic Root Resorption

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (16) ◽  
pp. 7244
Author(s):  
Masaru Yamaguchi ◽  
Hiroyuki Mishima
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Factor Kappa B ◽  
Tooth Movement ◽  
Root Resorption ◽  
Orthodontic Tooth Movement ◽  
Apical Region ◽  
Pdl Cells ◽  
Receptor Activator ◽  
Maxillary Premolars ◽  
Orthodontic Forces

Orthodontic root resorption (ORR) is an unintended side effect of orthodontic treatment, and severe ORR can affect treatment outcome. Receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand (RANKL) has been detected in the resorbed cementum and periodontal (PDL) tissues exposed to excessive orthodontic forces. Recent studies have demonstrated that PDL cells and cementoblasts express RANKL that may play a role in ORR during orthodontic tooth movement. It is known that the hardness of cementum in human maxillary premolars differs among individuals. Furthermore, this difference has been reported to be attributed to differences in the calcium (Ca)/phosphorus (P) ratio. A correlation was observed between the Vickers hardness and Ca/P ratio of the cementum in the apical region. These findings suggest that cementum hardness and the Ca/P ratio may be indirectly involved in ORR caused by orthodontic forces. In this review, it aims to identify the role of RANKL and involvement of cementum in ORR.

Biologic Responses of Autogenous Bone and Beta-tricalcium Phosphate Ceramics Transplanted into Bone Defects to Orthodontic Forces

1996 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 277-283 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammed Zakir Hossain ◽  
Shingo Kyomen ◽  
Kazuo Tanne
Keyword(s):  
Tricalcium Phosphate ◽  
Alveolar Bone ◽  
Tooth Movement ◽  
Root Resorption ◽  
Orthodontic Tooth Movement ◽  
Bone Defects ◽  
Autogenous Bone ◽  
Beta Tricalcium Phosphate ◽  
Orthodontic Forces ◽  
External Stimuli

This study was conducted to evaluate biologic responses of autogenous bone (particulate marrow and cancellous bone; PMCB) and beta-tricalcium phosphate ceramics (TCPC) to orthodontic stimuli. Nine dogs served as the experimental animals; three dogs underwent orthodontic tooth movement after grafting, three dogs received PMCB grafting without tooth movement, and three dogs received TCPC grafting without tooth movement. Immediately after extraction of the upper second and/or third incisors, the maxillary alveolar bone was resected bilaterally. Autogenous PMCB obtained from the iliac bone and TCPC were transplanted into each bone defect. Experimental tooth movement was initiated 2 to 4 weeks after the grafting and continued for 9 to 15 weeks. Sectional archwires with open-coil springs were used for distal movement of the upper first incisors into the extraction sites. Oxytetracycline and calcein were employed as bone markers. Sections of grafted areas including the teeth were prepared for light and fluorescence microscopy. The results revealed that both autogenous bone and TCPC presented similar adaptive changes to the original alveolar bone without any external stimuli. TCPC exhibited more prominent biodegradative responses to orthodontic force in association with new cementum formation. Root resorption was also less in the TCPC area than in the PMCB region. It Is shown that TCPC is biodegradative In nature and adaptive for remodeling during orthodontic tooth movement. This finding indicates that TCPC may be a better biocompatible alternative to autogenous bone transplanted into bone defects subjected to orthodontic tooth movement.

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