Impact of thyroid hormones on asthma in older adults

Objective Thyroid hormones affect airway contraction, but the specific effects of thyroid hormones on airways are controversial. Methods We divided 78 advanced-age men with asthma into 3 groups: type I respiratory failure (RF1), type II respiratory failure (RF2), and no respiratory failure (NRF). Pulmonary function was measured after asthma stabilization. Results The free triiodothyronine (FT3) level was significantly higher in the RF1 than RF2 group, but the free thyroxine (FT4), total thyroxine (TT4), and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels were not significantly different. In the RF1, RF2, and NRF groups, the correlation coefficients between FT3 and the forced expiratory volume in1 s (FEV1) were 0.317, 0.627, and 0.213; those between FT3 and the FEV1/forced vital capacity (FVC) ratio were 0.287, 0.412, and 0.156; those between FT4 and FEV1 were 0.214, 0.231, and 0.167; and those between FT4 and the FEV1/FVC ratio were 0.211, 0.215, and 0.218, respectively. In the RF1 and RF2 groups, the correlation coefficients between the sum activity of peripheral deiodinases (SPINA-GD) and the FEV1/FVC ratio were 0.164 and 0.421, and those between SPINA-GD and FEV1 were 0.284 and 0.491, respectively. Conclusion The correlation between FT3 and pulmonary function is likely caused by changes in thyroid enzymology.

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Reference Intervals of Thyroid Hormones and Correlation of BMI with Thyroid Function in Healthy Zhuang Ethnic Pregnant Women

BioMed Research International ◽

10.1155/2018/2032413 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 2018 ◽

pp. 1-8 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Yonghong Sheng ◽

Dongping Huang ◽

Shun Liu ◽

Xuefeng Guo ◽

Jiehua Chen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Thyroid Hormones ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Thyroid Function ◽

Reference Intervals ◽

Thyroid Stimulating Hormone ◽

Specific Reference ◽

American Thyroid Association ◽

Reference Ranges ◽

Free Triiodothyronine ◽

Cross Sectional

Ethnic differences in the level of thyroid hormones exist among individuals. The American Thyroid Association (ATA) recommends that an institution or region should establish a specific thyroid hormone reference value for each stage of pregnancy. To date, a limited number of studies have reported the level of thyroid hormones in Chinese minorities, and the exact relationship between BMI and thyroid function in pregnant women is ill. This study was performed to establish trimester-specific reference ranges of thyroid hormones in Zhuang ethnic pregnant women and explore the role of body mass index (BMI) on thyroid function. A total of 3324 Zhuang ethnic health pregnant women were recruited in this Zhuang population-based retrospective cross-sectional study. The values of thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), free thyroxine (FT4), and free triiodothyronine (FT3) were determined by automatic chemiluminescence immunoassay analyzer. Multivariate linear regression and binary logistic regression were constructed to evaluate the influence of BMI on the thyroid function. The established reference intervals for the serum thyroid hormones in three trimesters were as follows: TSH, 0.02–3.28, 0.03–3.22, and 0.08-3.71 mIU/L; FT4, 10.57–19.76, 10.05–19.23, and 8.96–17.75 pmol/L; FT3, 3.51–5.64, 3.42–5.42, and 2.93–5.03 pmol/L. These values were markedly lower than those provided by the manufacturers for nonpregnant adults which can potentially result in 6.10% to 19.73% misclassification in Zhuang pregnant women. Moreover, BMI was positively correlated with isolated hypothyroxinemia (OR=1.081, 95% CI=1.007–1.161), while the correlation between the BMI and subclinical hypothyroidism was not statistically significant (OR=0.991, 95% CI=0.917–1.072). This is the first study focusing on the reference ranges of thyroid hormones in Guangxi Zhuang ethnic pregnant women, which will improve the care of them in the diagnosis and treatment. We also found that high BMI was positively associated with the risk of isolated hypothyroxinemia.

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Exposure to Perflouroalkyl acids and foetal and maternal thyroid status: a review

Environmental Health ◽

10.1186/s12940-020-00647-1 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 19 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Sophie A. H. Boesen ◽

Manhai Long ◽

Maria Wielsøe ◽

Vicente Mustieles ◽

Mariana F. Fernandez ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Thyroid Stimulating Hormone ◽

Inverse Association ◽

Postnatal Exposure ◽

Free Triiodothyronine ◽

Perfluorodecanoic Acid ◽

Pubmed Database ◽

Thyroid Disruption ◽

Total Thyroxine ◽

Maternal Thyroid ◽

Perfluorinated Alkyl Acids

Abstract Background Exposure to perfluorinated-alkyl-acids (PFAAs) is ubiquitous. PFAAs are hormone-disrupting compounds that are strongly suspected to affect mother-child-health such as fetal growth. Thyroid disruption is a plausible mechanism of action. We aim to summarize the epidemiological evidence for the relation between prenatal and postnatal exposure to PFAAs and disruption of thyroid homeostasis in mothers and/or infants. Method Fifteen original publications on PFAAs concentrations and thyroid hormones (TH) in pregnant women and/or infants were found upon a literature search in the PubMed database. Information on exposure to seven PFAAs congeners [Perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS), Perfluorooctanoate (PFOA), Perfluorohexane sulfonate (PFHxS), Perfluorononanoic acid (PFNA), Perfluorodecanoic acid (PFDA), Perfluoroundecanoic acid (PFUnA), and Perfluorododecanoic acid (PFDoA)] and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), free and total thyroxine (FT4 and TT4), free and total triiodothyronine (FT3 and TT3), T3RU (Free triiodothyronine resin uptake) and FT4-index (FT4I) levels were recorded. We evaluated sampling of maternal TH by trimester, and infant TH by sex stratification. Reported associations between mother or infant PFAAs and TH were not uniformly assessed in the selected studies. Results Ten out of the fifteen studies examined maternal PFAAs concentration and TSH level. Seven studies showed significant associations between TSH and exposure to six PFAAs congeners, most of them were positive. Maternal T4 and T3 were investigated in nine studies and five studies found inverse associations between exposure to six PFAAs congeners and TH (TT3, TT4, FT3, FT4 and FT4I) levels. Eight of the fifteen studies investigated PFAAs concentrations and infant TSH. Infant TSH level was significantly affected in four studies, positively in three studies. Nine studies investigated infant T4 and T3 and seven studies found significant associations with PFAAs exposure. However, both inverse and positive significant associations with infant TH were found eliciting no clear direction. Conclusion Results indicate a mainly positive relationship between maternal PFAAs concentrations and TSH levels, and suggestion of an inverse association with T4 and/or T3 levels. Associations of infant TH with PFAAs concentration were less consistent.

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Demonstration of reciprocal diurnal variation in human serum T3 and rT3 concentration demonstrated by mass spectrometric analysis and establishment of thyroid hormone reference intervals

Therapeutic Advances in Endocrinology and Metabolism ◽

10.1177/2042018820922688 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 ◽

pp. 204201882092268

Author(s):

Qian Sun ◽

Lívia Avallone ◽

Brian Stolze ◽

Katherine A. Araque ◽

Yesim Özarda ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Thyroid Hormone ◽

Thyroid Hormones ◽

Reference Intervals ◽

Diurnal Fluctuation ◽

Spectrometric Analysis ◽

Serum Samples ◽

Free Triiodothyronine ◽

Reverse T3 ◽

Wide Range ◽

Total Thyroxine

Background: There has been a wide range of reference intervals proposed in previous literature for thyroid hormones due to large between-assay variability of immunoassays, as well as lack of correction for collection time. We provided the diurnal reference intervals for five thyroid hormones, namely total thyroxine (TT4), total triiodothyronine (TT3), free thyroxine (FT4), free triiodothyronine (FT3), and reverse T3 (rT3), measured in serum samples of healthy participants using a liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method. Methods: Couplet serum samples (a.m. and p.m.) were collected from 110 healthy females and 49 healthy males. Healthy volunteers were recruited from four participating centers between 2016 and 2018. Measurements of thyroid hormones were obtained by LC-MS/MS analysis. Results: Our study revealed significant uptrend in AM to PM FT4 ( p < 0.0001) samples, downtrend in AM to PM TT3 ( p = 0.0004) and FT3 samples ( p < 0.0001), and AM to PM uptrend in rT3 samples ( p < 0.0001). No difference was observed for TT4 between AM and PM. No significant sex differences were seen for any of the five thyroid hormones. Conclusion: When diagnosing thyroid disorders, it is important to have accurate measurement of thyroid hormones, and to acknowledge the diurnal fluctuation found, especially for FT3. Our study highlights the importance of standardization of collection times and implementation of LC-MS/MS in thyroid hormone measurement.

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Associations of Thyroid Hormones and Resting Heart Rate in Patients Referred to Coronary Angiography

Hormone and Metabolic Research ◽

10.1055/a-1232-7292 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 52 (12) ◽

pp. 850-855

Author(s):

Eva Steinberger ◽

Stefan Pilz ◽

Christian Trummer ◽

Verena Theiler-Schwetz ◽

Markus Reichhartinger ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Heart Rate ◽

Coronary Angiography ◽

Thyroid Hormones ◽

Thyroid Stimulating Hormone ◽

Resting Heart Rate ◽

Free Triiodothyronine ◽

Free Thyroid Hormones ◽

Cardiovascular Morbidity And Mortality ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Significant Difference

AbstractResting heart rate (RHR) is associated with increased risk of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Thyroid hormones exert several effects on the cardiovascular system, but the relation between thyroid function and RHR remains to be further established. We evaluated whether measures of thyroid hormone status are associated with RHR in patients referred to coronary angiography. Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), free triiodothyronine (FT3), free thyroxin (FT4), and RHR were determined in 2795 participants of the Ludwigshafen Risk and Cardiovascular Health (LURIC) Study. Median (25th to 75th percentile) serum concentrations were 1.25 (0.76–1.92) mU/l for TSH, 4.8 (4.2–5.3) pmol/l for FT3 and 17.1 (15.4-19.0) pmol/l for FT4, and mean (±standard deviation) RHR was 68.8 (±11.7) beats/min. Comparing the highest versus the lowest quartile, RHR (beats/min) was significantly higher in the fourth FT4 quartile [3.48, 95% confidence interval (CI): 2.23–4.73; p <0.001] and in the fourth FT3 quartile (2.30, 95% CI: 1.06–3.55; p <0.001), but there was no significant difference for TSH quartiles. In multiple linear regression analyses adjusting for various potential confounders, FT3 and FT4 were significant predictors of RHR (p <0.001 for both). In subgroups restricted to TSH, FT3, and FT4 values within the reference range, both FT3 and FT4 remained significant predictors of RHR (p <0.001 for all). In conclusion, in patients referred to coronary angiography, FT3 and FT4 but not TSH were positively associated with RHR. The relationship between free thyroid hormones and RHR warrants further investigations regarding its diagnostic and therapeutic implications.

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Lacking evidence for release of thyroid hormones from circulating thyroglobulin during subtotal thyroidectomy

Acta Endocrinologica ◽

10.1530/acta.0.1170219 ◽

1988 ◽

Vol 117 (2) ◽

pp. 219-224 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

J. Date ◽

M. Blichert-Toft ◽

U. Feldt-Rasmussen ◽

V. Haas

Keyword(s):

Thyroid Hormones ◽

Mean Value ◽

Thyroid Stimulating Hormone ◽

Mean Values ◽

Thyroid Resection ◽

Free Thyroxine Index ◽

Total Triiodothyronine ◽

Total Thyroxine ◽

The Mean ◽

Peak Value

Abstract. The effect of subtotal thyroid resection for thyrotoxicosis on concentrations of serum thyroid hormones and thyroglobulin (Tg), was determined in 10 patients during operation and the subsequent 18 days. Mean serum Tg responded drastically, increasing from a pre-operative value of 0.30 nmol/l to a peak value of approximately 26 nmol/l during operation followed by a gradual decline to levels lower than before surgery on day 18. Mean serum total thyroxine was 114 nmol/l pre-operatively and free thyroxine index (FT4I) 105 units. Both fluctuated only slightly during operation. Postsurgically, the mean values decreased to below 50% of the pre-operative level. Mean serum total triiodothyronine (TT3) was 1.46 nmol/l pre-operatively. It decreased during operation, reaching a nadir of 0.55 nmol/l on day 2, whereafter the concentration increased slightly. Mean serum reverse T3 (rT3) was 0.45 nmol/l pre-operatively, increased 62% during surgery, and decreased postsurgically. The mean value of serum thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) was 0.61 mU/l pre-operatively and remained below 1 mU/l during and after operation, but from day 10 concentration began to rise steadily. It is concluded that the vast release of Tg during thyroid resection did not contribute to the concentration of serum T4 to an extent of clinical relevance.

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Thyroid function in neonates with severe respiratory failure on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation

Perfusion ◽

10.1177/026765910101600606 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 16 (6) ◽

pp. 469-475 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Dan L Stewart ◽

Noah Ssemakula ◽

Duncan R MacMillan ◽

L Jane Goldsmith ◽

Larry N Cook

Keyword(s):

Respiratory Failure ◽

Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation ◽

Thyroid Function ◽

Newborn Infants ◽

Thyroid Stimulating Hormone ◽

Thyroid Function Tests ◽

Severe Respiratory Failure ◽

Serum Concentrations ◽

Free Triiodothyronine ◽

Membrane Oxygenation

The object was to study thyroid function in neonates with severe respiratory failure on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) and determine whether abnormal thyroid function correlates with prognosis. Total and free thyroxine (T4, FT4), total and free triiodothyronine (T3, FT3), reverse triiodothyronine (rT3), thyroid-stimulating hormone, and thyroxine binding globulin were measured in 14 newborn infants with severe respiratory failure (age 1-30 days) from samples collected before anesthesia for cannula placement, at 30, 60, and 360 min after initiation of ECMO, and on days 2, 4, 6, and 8. The patients were divided into survivors and non-survivors for statistical analyses. No differences were noted between survivors and non-survivors in the pre-ECMO mean serum concentrations of the thyroid function tests analyzed. In nine survivors, mean serum T4, FT4, T3, FT3, and rT3 all declined significantly within 30-60 min after initiation of ECMO, compared to baseline values. The values for all mean serum concentrations recovered completely and exceeded baseline between days 2 and 8. In five non-survivors, the decline of all mean serum values was not statistically significant and recovery to baseline was not achieved. The ratios of mean serum concentration of rT3/FT3were significantly different between survivors and non-survivors across all times during the ECMO course ( p λ 0.0005). These findings indicate that abnormalities in thyroid function occur in neonates with severe respiratory failure on ECMO and that the rT3/FT3 ratio correlates with prognosis over the ECMO course. Survival was associated with a significant reduction of serum thyroid hormone concentrations followed by recovery. We speculate that, in neonates with respiratory failure on ECMO, adaptive mechanisms which enhance survival include the capacity to down-regulate the pituitary-thyroid axis.

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Marked Biological Variance in Endocrine and Biochemical Markers in Childhood: Establishment of Pediatric Reference Intervals Using Healthy Community Children from the CALIPER Cohort

Clinical Chemistry ◽

10.1373/clinchem.2013.204222 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 59 (9) ◽

pp. 1393-1405 ◽

Cited By ~ 80

Author(s):

Dana Bailey ◽

David Colantonio ◽

Lianna Kyriakopoulou ◽

Ashley H Cohen ◽

Man Khun Chan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Reference Values ◽

Biochemical Markers ◽

Troponin I ◽

Reference Intervals ◽

Thyroid Stimulating Hormone ◽

Healthy Children ◽

Free Triiodothyronine ◽

Laboratory Test Results ◽

Total Triiodothyronine ◽

Total Thyroxine

BACKGROUND Reference intervals are indispensable in evaluating laboratory test results; however, appropriately partitioned pediatric reference values are not readily available. The Canadian Laboratory Initiative for Pediatric Reference Intervals (CALIPER) program is aimed at establishing the influence of age, sex, ethnicity, and body mass index on biochemical markers and developing a comprehensive database of pediatric reference intervals using an a posteriori approach. METHODS A total of 1482 samples were collected from ethnically diverse healthy children ages 2 days to 18 years and analyzed on the Abbott ARCHITECT i2000. Following the CLSI C28-A3 guidelines, age- and sex-specific partitioning was determined for each analyte. Nonparametric and robust methods were used to establish the 2.5th and 97.5th percentiles for the reference intervals as well as the 90% CIs. RESULTS New pediatric reference intervals were generated for 14 biomarkers, including α-fetoprotein, cobalamin (vitamin B12), folate, homocysteine, ferritin, cortisol, troponin I, 25(OH)-vitamin D [25(OH)D], intact parathyroid hormone (iPTH), thyroid-stimulating hormone, total thyroxine (TT4), total triiodothyronine (TT3), free thyroxine (FT4), and free triiodothyronine. The influence of ethnicity on reference values was also examined, and statistically significant differences were found between ethnic groups for FT4, TT3, TT4, cobalamin, ferritin, iPTH, and 25(OH)D. CONCLUSIONS This study establishes comprehensive pediatric reference intervals for several common endocrine and immunochemical biomarkers obtained in a large cohort of healthy children. The new database will be of global benefit, ensuring appropriate interpretation of pediatric disease biomarkers, but will need further validation for specific immunoassay platforms and in local populations as recommended by the CLSI.

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Relationship between Different Psoriasis Types and Thyroid Dysfunction: A Retrospective Analysis

Scanning ◽

10.1155/2021/1834556 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2021 ◽

pp. 1-5

Author(s):

Juan Du ◽

Chunyue Ma ◽

Runnan Wang ◽

Lanmei Lin ◽

Luhui Gao ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Psoriatic Arthritis ◽

Thyroid Function ◽

Thyroid Dysfunction ◽

Thyroid Stimulating Hormone ◽

Thyroid Peroxidase ◽

Thyroid Function Tests ◽

Free Triiodothyronine ◽

Hormone Levels ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Total Thyroxine

Objective. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between different psoriasis types and thyroid dysfunction. Methods. The data of patients diagnosed with psoriasis between January 2013 and October 2018 who underwent thyroid function tests were collected. Free triiodothyronine (FT3), free thyroxine (FT4), total triiodothyronine (TT3), total thyroxine (TT4), thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), thyroglobulin antibody (TGAb), and thyroid peroxidase antibody (TPOAb) were measured. The thyroid function of patients with psoriasis vulgaris, pustular psoriasis, erythrodermic psoriasis, and psoriatic arthritis was evaluated, and the differences in hormone levels and antibodies in the pituitary-thyroid axis with psoriasis type were analyzed. Results. The data of a total of 468 patients were analyzed in this study. The proportion of normal hormone levels was higher among vulgaris patients ( P < 0.001 ), while the erythrodermic patients were more likely to have decreased FT3 or FT4 but normal TSH ( P < 0.001 ). FT3 levels were lower in pustular patients ( P < 0.05 ), FT4 levels were lower in erythrodermic patients ( P < 0.05 ), and TSH levels were higher in patients with psoriatic arthritis ( P < 0.05 ). TPOAb levels were higher than normal in all patients, but there was no significant difference in the levels of TPOAb and TGAb among 4 types of the patients. Conclusion. Psoriasis is related to thyroid dysfunction, especially in patients with atypical psoriasis types. The possibility of complications should be considered in erythrodermic patients.

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Study of thyroid hormones free triiodothyronine (FT3), free thyroxine (FT4) and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) in subjects with dental fluorosis

European Journal of Dentistry ◽

10.1055/s-0039-1698949 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 06 (02) ◽

pp. 184-190 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Mahadevi B Hosur ◽

S R Puranik ◽

Shrinivas Vanaki ◽

Surekha R Puranik

Keyword(s):

Thyroid Hormones ◽

Dental Fluorosis ◽

Statistical Significance ◽

Serum Levels ◽

Iodine Intake ◽

Thyroid Stimulating Hormone ◽

Control Group ◽

Endemic Fluorosis ◽

Free Triiodothyronine ◽

Thyroid Gland Function

ABSTRACTObjective: Apart from its well-known deleterious dental and skeletal effects, fluoride excess can have toxic effects on many other tissues. Fluoride, when in excess, is known to interfere with thyroid gland function. Fluoride-induced thyroid disturbances similar to those observed in iodine deficiency state in spite of adequate iodine intake have been documented. Similar thyroid disturbances in individuals with dental fluorosis have not been well studied in populations with endemic fluorosis. This work was undertaken to study the effects of fluoride-induced thyroid disturbances in individuals with dental fluorosis.Methods: The study group included 65 subjects with dental fluorosis from endemic fluorosis populations. An additional control group was comprised of 10 subjects without dental fluorosis. The drinking water fluoride levels of the study populations were analyzed. Serum free FT3, FT4, and TSH levels of both groups were assessed.Results: All subjects with dental fluorosis had serum levels of thyroid hormones (FT3, FT4, and TSH) within the normal range, with the exception of 1 individual, who had elevated levels of TSH. Statistical significance was found when FT3 and TSH values were compared with different Dean’s index groups by a 1-way ANOVA test: FT3 (F = 3.4572; P=.0377) and TSH (F = 3.2649 and P=.0449).Conclusions: Findings of this study did not show any significant alterations in the levels of the thyroid hormones FT3, FT4, and TSH in subjects with dental fluorosis. Our observations suggest that thyroid hormone levels were not altered in subjects with dental fluorosis. Hence, future studies of this kind, along with more detailed investigations are needed. (Eur J Dent 2012;6:184-190)

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Population-specific reference values for thyroid hormones on the Abbott ARCHITECT i2000 analyzer

Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (CCLM) ◽

10.1515/cclm.2004.091 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 42 (5) ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

Manuel González-Sagrado ◽

Francisco Javier Martín-Gil

Keyword(s):

Thyroid Hormones ◽

Reference Values ◽

Patient Population ◽

Laboratory Data ◽

Thyroid Stimulating Hormone ◽

Specific Reference ◽

Reference Ranges ◽

Free Triiodothyronine ◽

Total Triiodothyronine ◽

Abbott Architect

AbstractReliable reference ranges are important in the interpretation of laboratory data, and it is incumbent on each laboratory to verify that the ranges they use are appropriate for the patient population they serve. The objective of this study was to determine population-specific reference ranges for thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), free thyroxine (fT4), free triiodothyronine (fT3) and total triiodothyronine (TT3) on the Abbott ARCHITECT

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